前面的话
拖拽可以让元素移动,也可以改变元素大小。本文将详细介绍拖拽改变元素大小的效果实现
原理简介
拖拽让元素移动,是改变定位元素的left和top值实现的。而拖拽改变元素大小,则还需要改变元素的宽高
范围圈定
我们把改变元素大小的范围圈定在距离相应边10px的范围内
左侧边界L = obj.offsetLeft + 10
右侧边界R = obj.offsetLeft + obj.offsetWidth - 10
上侧边界T = obj.offsetTop + 10
下侧边界B = obj.offsetTop + obj.offsetHeight - 10
<div id="test" style="height: 100px;width: 100px;background-color: pink;">测试文字</div>
<script>
test.onmousemove = function(e){
e = e || event;
//元素边界确定
var L0 = this.offsetLeft;
var R0 = this.offsetLeft + this.offsetWidth;
var T0 = this.offsetTop;
var B0 = this.offsetTop + this.offsetHeight;
//范围边界确定
var L = L0 + 10;
var R = R0 - 10;
var T = T0 + 10;
var B = B0 - 10;
//范围确定
var areaL = e.clientX < L;
var areaR = e.clientX > R;
var areaT = e.clientY < T;
var areaB = e.clientY > B;
//左侧范围
if(areaL){
this.style.cursor = 'w-resize';
}
//右侧范围
if(areaR){
this.style.cursor = 'e-resize';
}
//上侧范围
if(areaT){
this.style.cursor = 'n-resize';
}
//下侧范围
if(areaB){
this.style.cursor = 's-resize';
}
//左上范围
if(areaL && areaT){
this.style.cursor = 'nw-resize';
}
//右上范围
if(areaR && areaT){
this.style.cursor = 'ne-resize';
}
//左下范围
if(areaL && areaB){
this.style.cursor = 'sw-resize';
}
//右下范围
if(areaR && areaB){
this.style.cursor = 'se-resize';
}
//中间范围
if(!areaL && !areaR && !areaT && !areaB){
this.style.cursor = 'default';
}
}
</script>
大小改变
处于左侧范围时,改变元素的left和width值
处于右侧范围时,改变元素的left值
处于上侧范围时,改变元素的top和height值
处于下侧范围时,改变元素的height值
[注意]元素改变前的状态是指按下鼠标的瞬时元素的状态
<div id="test" style="height: 100px;width: 100px;background-color: pink;position:absolute;top:100px;left:200px;">测试文字</div>
<script>
function addEvent(target,type,handler){
if(target.addEventListener){
target.addEventListener(type,handler,false);
}else{
target.attachEvent('on'+type,function(event){
return handler.call(target,event);
});
}
}
(function(){
var x0,y0,x1,y1,EW,EH,isChanging;
var ele = document.getElementById('test');
var mousedownHandler = function(e){
e = e || event;
//获取元素距离定位父级的x轴及y轴距离
x0 = ele.offsetLeft;
y0 = ele.offsetTop;
//获取此时鼠标距离视口左上角的x轴及y轴距离
x1 = e.clientX;
y1 = e.clientY;
//获取此时元素的宽高
EW = ele.offsetWidth;
EH = ele.offsetHeight;
//按下鼠标时,表示正在改变尺寸
isChanging = true;
}
var mousemoveHandler = function(e){
e = e || event;
//元素边界确定
var L0 = ele.offsetLeft;
var R0 = ele.offsetLeft + ele.offsetWidth;
var T0 = ele.offsetTop;
var B0 = ele.offsetTop + ele.offsetHeight;
//范围边界确定
var L = L0 + 10;
var R = R0 - 10;
var T = T0 + 10;
var B = B0 - 10;
//范围确定
var areaL = e.clientX < L;
var areaR = e.clientX > R;
var areaT = e.clientY < T;
var areaB = e.clientY > B;
//左侧范围
if(areaL){ele.style.cursor = 'w-resize';}
//右侧范围
if(areaR){ele.style.cursor = 'e-resize';}
//上侧范围
if(areaT){ele.style.cursor = 'n-resize';}
//下侧范围
if(areaB){ele.style.cursor = 's-resize';}
//左上范围
if(areaL && areaT){ele.style.cursor = 'nw-resize';}
//右上范围
if(areaR && areaT){ele.style.cursor = 'ne-resize';}
//左下范围
if(areaL && areaB){ele.style.cursor = 'sw-resize';}
//右下范围
if(areaR && areaB){ele.style.cursor = 'se-resize';}
//中间范围
if(!areaL && !areaR && !areaT && !areaB){ele.style.cursor = 'default';} //获取此时鼠标距离视口左上角的x轴及y轴距离
var x2 = e.clientX;
var y2 = e.clientY;
//如果改变元素尺寸功能开启
if(isChanging){
//处于左侧范围
if(areaL){
ele.style.left = x0 + (x2 - x1) + 'px';
ele.style.width = EW + (x1 - x2) + 'px';
}
//处于右侧范围
if(areaR){ele.style.width = EW + (x2 - x1)+ 'px';}
//处于上侧范围
if(areaT){
ele.style.top = y0 + (y2 - y1) + 'px';
ele.style.height = EH + (y1 - y2) + 'px';
}
//处于下侧范围
if(areaB){ele.style.height = EH + (y2 - y1) + 'px'; }
}
}
var mouseupHandler = function(e){
//鼠标抬起时,表示停止运动
isChanging = false;
}
addEvent(ele,'mousedown',mousedownHandler);
addEvent(ele,'mousemove',mousemoveHandler);
addEvent(ele,'mouseup',mouseupHandler) })();
</script>
代码优化
与拖拽移动元素一样,拖拽改变元素大小也存在同样的问题
问题一:文字及图片具有原生的拖放行为,通过取消默认行为可解决。IE8-浏览器不支持,使用全局捕获来实现IE兼容
问题二:拖放过快,鼠标移动速度快于mousemove触发速度时,鼠标脱离元素,使后续事件无法发生。把mousemove事件加在document上,即可解决
问题三:元素大小改变需要有范围限制
<div id="test" style="height: 100px;width: 100px;background-color: pink;position:absolute;top:100px;left:200px;">测试文字</div>
<script>
function addEvent(target,type,handler){
if(target.addEventListener){
target.addEventListener(type,handler,false);
}else{
target.attachEvent('on'+type,function(event){
return handler.call(target,event);
});
}
}
(function(){
var x0,y0,x1,y1,EW,EH,isChanging;
var ele = document.getElementById('test');
var mousedownHandler = function(e){
e = e || event;
//获取元素距离定位父级的x轴及y轴距离
x0 = ele.offsetLeft;
y0 = ele.offsetTop;
//获取此时鼠标距离视口左上角的x轴及y轴距离
x1 = e.clientX;
y1 = e.clientY;
//获取此时元素的宽高
EW = ele.offsetWidth;
EH = ele.offsetHeight;
//按下鼠标时,表示正在改变尺寸
isChanging = true;
}
var mousemoveHandler = function(e){
e = e || event;
//元素边界确定
var L0 = ele.offsetLeft;
var R0 = ele.offsetLeft + ele.offsetWidth;
var T0 = ele.offsetTop;
var B0 = ele.offsetTop + ele.offsetHeight;
//范围边界确定
var L = L0 + 10;
var R = R0 - 10;
var T = T0 + 10;
var B = B0 - 10;
//范围确定
var areaL = e.clientX < L;
var areaR = e.clientX > R;
var areaT = e.clientY < T;
var areaB = e.clientY > B;
//左侧范围
if(areaL){ele.style.cursor = 'w-resize';}
//右侧范围
if(areaR){ele.style.cursor = 'e-resize';}
//上侧范围
if(areaT){ele.style.cursor = 'n-resize';}
//下侧范围
if(areaB){ele.style.cursor = 's-resize';}
//左上范围
if(areaL && areaT){ele.style.cursor = 'nw-resize';}
//右上范围
if(areaR && areaT){ele.style.cursor = 'ne-resize';}
//左下范围
if(areaL && areaB){ele.style.cursor = 'sw-resize';}
//右下范围
if(areaR && areaB){ele.style.cursor = 'se-resize';}
//中间范围
if(!areaL && !areaR && !areaT && !areaB){ele.style.cursor = 'default';} //获取此时鼠标距离视口左上角的x轴及y轴距离
var x2 = e.clientX;
var y2 = e.clientY;
//如果改变元素尺寸功能开启
if(isChanging){
//处于左侧范围
if(areaL){
var eleL = x0 + (x2 - x1) + 'px';
var eleW = EW + (x1 - x2) + 'px';
}
//处于右侧范围
if(areaR){var eleW = EW + (x2 - x1)+ 'px';}
//处于上侧范围
if(areaT){
var eleT = y0 + (y2 - y1) + 'px';
var eleH = EH + (y1 - y2) + 'px';
}
//处于下侧范围
if(areaB){var eleH = EH + (y2 - y1) + 'px'; }
//范围限定
if(parseInt(eleW) < 60){eleW = '60px';}
if(parseInt(eleH) < 60){eleH = '60px';}
//赋值
if(eleW != undefined){ele.style.width = eleW;}
if(eleH != undefined){ele.style.height = eleH;}
if(eleT != undefined){ele.style.top = eleT;}
if(eleL != undefined){ele.style.left = eleL;}
}
}
var mouseupHandler = function(e){
//鼠标抬起时,表示停止运动
isChanging = false;
if(ele.releaseCapture){
ele.releaseCapture();
}
}
var preventDefaultHandler = function(e){
e = e || event;
if(e.preventDefault){
e.preventDefault();
}else{
e.returnValue = false;
}
//IE8-浏览器阻止默认行为
if(ele.setCapture){
ele.setCapture();
}
}
addEvent(ele,'mousedown',mousedownHandler);
addEvent(ele,'mousedown',preventDefaultHandler);
addEvent(document,'mousemove',mousemoveHandler);
addEvent(document,'mouseup',mouseupHandler); })();
</script>