iOS 开发之照片框架详解(3)

http://kayosite.com/ios-development-and-detail-of-photo-framework-part-three.html

三. 常用方法的封装

虽然 PhotoKit 的功能强大很多,但基于兼容 iOS 8.0 以下版本的考虑,暂时可能仍无法抛弃 ALAssetLibrary,这时候一个比较好的方案是基于 ALAssetLibrary 和 PhotoKit 封装出一系列模拟系统 Asset 类的自定义类,然后在其中封装好兼容 ALAssetLibrary 和 PhotoKit 的方法。

这里列举了四种常用的封装好的方法:原图,缩略图,预览图,方向,下面直接上代码,代码中有相关注释解释其中的要点。其中下面的代码中常常出现的 [[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] 是 QMUI 框架中封装的类以及单例方法,表示产生一个 PHCachingImageManager 的单例,这样做的好处是 PHCachingImageManager 需要占用较多的资源,因此使用单例可以避免无谓的资源消耗,另外请求图像等方法需要基于用一个 PHCachingImageManager 实例才能进行进度续传,管理请求等操作。

1. 原图

由于原图的尺寸通常会比较大,因此建议使用异步拉取,但这里仍同时列举同步拉取的方法。这里需要留意如前文中所述,ALAssetRepresentation 中获取原图的接口 fullResolutionImage 所得到的图像并没有带上系统相册“编辑”(选中,滤镜等)的效果,需要额外获取这些效果并手工叠加到图像上。

.h 文件

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/// Asset 的原图(包含系统相册“编辑”功能处理后的效果)
- (UIImage *)originImage;
 
/**
 *  异步请求 Asset 的原图,包含了系统照片“编辑”功能处理后的效果(剪裁,旋转和滤镜等),可能会有网络请求
 *
 *  @param completion        完成请求后调用的 block,参数中包含了请求的原图以及图片信息,在 iOS 8.0 或以上版本中,
 *                           这个 block 会被多次调用,其中第一次调用获取到的尺寸很小的低清图,然后不断调用,直接获取到高清图,
 *                           获取到高清图后 QMUIAsset 会缓存起这张高清图,这时 block 中的第二个参数(图片信息)返回的为 nil。
 *  @param phProgressHandler 处理请求进度的 handler,不在主线程上执行,在 block 中修改 UI 时注意需要手工放到主线程处理。
 *
 *  @wraning iOS 8.0 以下中并没有异步请求预览图的接口,因此实际上为同步请求,这时 block 中的第二个参数(图片信息)返回的为 nil。
 *
 *  @return 返回请求图片的请求 id
 */
- (NSInteger)requestOriginImageWithCompletion:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSDictionary *))completion withProgressHandler:(PHAssetImageProgressHandler)phProgressHandler;

.m 文件

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- (UIImage *)originImage {
    if (_originImage) {
        return _originImage;
    }
    __block UIImage *resultImage;
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        PHImageRequestOptions *phImageRequestOptions = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init];
        phImageRequestOptions.synchronous = YES;
        [[[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] requestImageForAsset:_phAsset
                                                                              targetSize:PHImageManagerMaximumSize
                                                                             contentMode:PHImageContentModeDefault
                                                                                 options:phImageRequestOptions
                                                                           resultHandler:^(UIImage *result, NSDictionary *info) {
                                                                               resultImage = result;
                                                                           }];
    } else {
        CGImageRef fullResolutionImageRef = [_alAssetRepresentation fullResolutionImage];
        // 通过 fullResolutionImage 获取到的的高清图实际上并不带上在照片应用中使用“编辑”处理的效果,需要额外在 AlAssetRepresentation 中获取这些信息
        NSString *adjustment = [[_alAssetRepresentation metadata] objectForKey:@"AdjustmentXMP"];
        if (adjustment) {
            // 如果有在照片应用中使用“编辑”效果,则需要获取这些编辑后的滤镜,手工叠加到原图中
            NSData *xmpData = [adjustment dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
            CIImage *tempImage = [CIImage imageWithCGImage:fullResolutionImageRef];
             
            NSError *error;
            NSArray *filterArray = [CIFilter filterArrayFromSerializedXMP:xmpData
                                                         inputImageExtent:tempImage.extent
                                                                    error:&error];
            CIContext *context = [CIContext contextWithOptions:nil];
            if (filterArray && !error) {
                for (CIFilter *filter in filterArray) {
                    [filter setValue:tempImage forKey:kCIInputImageKey];
                    tempImage = [filter outputImage];
                }
                fullResolutionImageRef = [context createCGImage:tempImage fromRect:[tempImage extent]];
            }  
        }
        // 生成最终返回的 UIImage,同时把图片的 orientation 也补充上去
        resultImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:fullResolutionImageRef scale:[_alAssetRepresentation scale] orientation:(UIImageOrientation)[_alAssetRepresentation orientation]];
    }
    _originImage = resultImage;
    return resultImage;
}
 
- (NSInteger)requestOriginImageWithCompletion:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSDictionary *))completion withProgressHandler:(PHAssetImageProgressHandler)phProgressHandler {
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        if (_originImage) {
            // 如果已经有缓存的图片则直接拿缓存的图片
            if (completion) {
                completion(_originImage, nil);
            }
            return 0;
        } else {
            PHImageRequestOptions *imageRequestOptions = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init];
            imageRequestOptions.networkAccessAllowed = YES; // 允许访问网络
            imageRequestOptions.progressHandler = phProgressHandler;
            return [[[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] requestImageForAsset:_phAsset targetSize:PHImageManagerMaximumSize contentMode:PHImageContentModeDefault options:imageRequestOptions resultHandler:^(UIImage *result, NSDictionary *info) {
                // 排除取消,错误,低清图三种情况,即已经获取到了高清图时,把这张高清图缓存到 _originImage 中
                BOOL downloadFinined = ![[info objectForKey:PHImageCancelledKey] boolValue] && ![info objectForKey:PHImageErrorKey] && ![[info objectForKey:PHImageResultIsDegradedKey] boolValue];
                if (downloadFinined) {
                    _originImage = result;
                }
                if (completion) {
                    completion(result, info);
                }
            }];
        }
    } else {
        if (completion) {
            completion([self originImage], nil);
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

2. 缩略图

相对于在拉取原图时 ALAssetLibrary 的部分需要手工叠加系统相册的“编辑”效果,拉取缩略图则简单一些,因为系统接口拉取到的缩略图已经带上“编辑”的效果了。

.h 文件

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/**
 *  Asset 的缩略图
 *
 *  @param size 指定返回的缩略图的大小,仅在 iOS 8.0 及以上的版本有效,其他版本则调用 ALAsset 的接口由系统返回一个合适当前平台的图片
 *
 *  @return Asset 的缩略图
 */
- (UIImage *)thumbnailWithSize:(CGSize)size;
 
/**
 *  异步请求 Asset 的缩略图,不会产生网络请求
 *
 *  @param size       指定返回的缩略图的大小,仅在 iOS 8.0 及以上的版本有效,其他版本则调用 ALAsset 的接口由系统返回一个合适当前平台的图片
 *  @param completion 完成请求后调用的 block,参数中包含了请求的缩略图以及图片信息,在 iOS 8.0 或以上版本中,这个 block 会被多次调用,
 *                    其中第一次调用获取到的尺寸很小的低清图,然后不断调用,直接获取到高清图,获取到高清图后 QMUIAsset 会缓存起这张高清图,
 *                    这时 block 中的第二个参数(图片信息)返回的为 nil。
 *
 *  @return 返回请求图片的请求 id
 */
- (NSInteger)requestThumbnailImageWithSize:(CGSize)size completion:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSDictionary *))completion;

.m 文件

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- (UIImage *)thumbnailWithSize:(CGSize)size {
    if (_thumbnailImage) {
        return _thumbnailImage;
    }
    __block UIImage *resultImage;
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        PHImageRequestOptions *phImageRequestOptions = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init];
        phImageRequestOptions.resizeMode = PHImageRequestOptionsResizeModeExact;
            // 在 PHImageManager 中,targetSize 等 size 都是使用 px 作为单位,因此需要对targetSize 中对传入的 Size 进行处理,宽高各自乘以 ScreenScale,从而得到正确的图片
        [[[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] requestImageForAsset:_phAsset
                                                                              targetSize:CGSizeMake(size.width * ScreenScale, size.height * ScreenScale)
                                                                             contentMode:PHImageContentModeAspectFill options:phImageRequestOptions
                                                                           resultHandler:^(UIImage *result, NSDictionary *info) {
                                                                               resultImage = result;
                                                                           }];
    } else {
        CGImageRef thumbnailImageRef = [_alAsset thumbnail];
        if (thumbnailImageRef) {
            resultImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:thumbnailImageRef];
        }
    }
    _thumbnailImage = resultImage;
    return resultImage;
}
 
- (NSInteger)requestThumbnailImageWithSize:(CGSize)size completion:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSDictionary *))completion {
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        if (_thumbnailImage) {
            if (completion) {
                completion(_thumbnailImage, nil);
            }
            return 0;
        } else {
            PHImageRequestOptions *imageRequestOptions = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init];
            imageRequestOptions.resizeMode = PHImageRequestOptionsResizeModeExact;
            // 在 PHImageManager 中,targetSize 等 size 都是使用 px 作为单位,因此需要对targetSize 中对传入的 Size 进行处理,宽高各自乘以 ScreenScale,从而得到正确的图片
            return [[[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] requestImageForAsset:_phAsset targetSize:CGSizeMake(size.width * ScreenScale, size.height * ScreenScale) contentMode:PHImageContentModeAspectFill options:imageRequestOptions resultHandler:^(UIImage *result, NSDictionary *info) {
                // 排除取消,错误,低清图三种情况,即已经获取到了高清图时,把这张高清图缓存到 _thumbnailImage 中
                  BOOL downloadFinined = ![[info objectForKey:PHImageCancelledKey] boolValue] && ![info objectForKey:PHImageErrorKey] && ![[info objectForKey:PHImageResultIsDegradedKey] boolValue];
                  if (downloadFinined) {
                      _thumbnailImage = result;
                  }
                  if (completion) {
                      completion(result, info);
                  }
            }];
        }
    } else {
        if (completion) {
            completion([self thumbnailWithSize:size], nil);
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

3. 预览图

与上面的方法类似,不再展开说明。

.h 文件

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/**
 *  Asset 的预览图
 *
 *  @warning 仿照 ALAssetsLibrary 的做法输出与当前设备屏幕大小相同尺寸的图片,如果图片原图小于当前设备屏幕的尺寸,则只输出原图大小的图片
 *  @return Asset 的全屏图
 */
- (UIImage *)previewImage;
 
/**
 *  异步请求 Asset 的预览图,可能会有网络请求
 *
 *  @param completion        完成请求后调用的 block,参数中包含了请求的预览图以及图片信息,在 iOS 8.0 或以上版本中,
 *                           这个 block 会被多次调用,其中第一次调用获取到的尺寸很小的低清图,然后不断调用,直接获取到高清图,
 *                           获取到高清图后 QMUIAsset 会缓存起这张高清图,这时 block 中的第二个参数(图片信息)返回的为 nil。
 *  @param phProgressHandler 处理请求进度的 handler,不在主线程上执行,在 block 中修改 UI 时注意需要手工放到主线程处理。
 *
 *  @wraning iOS 8.0 以下中并没有异步请求预览图的接口,因此实际上为同步请求,这时 block 中的第二个参数(图片信息)返回的为 nil。
 *
 *  @return 返回请求图片的请求 id
 */
- (NSInteger)requestPreviewImageWithCompletion:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSDictionary *))completion withProgressHandler:(PHAssetImageProgressHandler)phProgressHandler;

.m 文件

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- (UIImage *)previewImage {
    if (_previewImage) {
        return _previewImage;
    }
    __block UIImage *resultImage;
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        PHImageRequestOptions *imageRequestOptions = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init];
        imageRequestOptions.synchronous = YES;
        [[[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] requestImageForAsset:_phAsset
                                                                            targetSize:CGSizeMake(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)
                                                                           contentMode:PHImageContentModeAspectFill
                                                                               options:imageRequestOptions
                                                                         resultHandler:^(UIImage *result, NSDictionary *info) {
                                                                             resultImage = result;
                                                                         }];
    } else {
        CGImageRef fullScreenImageRef = [_alAssetRepresentation fullScreenImage];
        resultImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:fullScreenImageRef];
    }
    _previewImage = resultImage;
    return resultImage;
}
 
- (NSInteger)requestPreviewImageWithCompletion:(void (^)(UIImage *, NSDictionary *))completion withProgressHandler:(PHAssetImageProgressHandler)phProgressHandler {
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        if (_previewImage) {
            // 如果已经有缓存的图片则直接拿缓存的图片
            if (completion) {
                completion(_previewImage, nil);
            }
            return 0;
        } else {
            PHImageRequestOptions *imageRequestOptions = [[PHImageRequestOptions alloc] init];
            imageRequestOptions.networkAccessAllowed = YES; // 允许访问网络
            imageRequestOptions.progressHandler = phProgressHandler;
            return [[[QMUIAssetsManager sharedInstance] phCachingImageManager] requestImageForAsset:_phAsset targetSize:CGSizeMake(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT) contentMode:PHImageContentModeAspectFill options:imageRequestOptions resultHandler:^(UIImage *result, NSDictionary *info) {
                // 排除取消,错误,低清图三种情况,即已经获取到了高清图时,把这张高清图缓存到 _previewImage 中
                BOOL downloadFinined = ![[info objectForKey:PHImageCancelledKey] boolValue] && ![info objectForKey:PHImageErrorKey] && ![[info objectForKey:PHImageResultIsDegradedKey] boolValue];
                if (downloadFinined) {
                    _previewImage = result;
                }
                if (completion) {
                    completion(result, info);
                }
            }];
        }
    } else {
        if (completion) {
            completion([self previewImage], nil);
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

4. 方向(imageOrientation)

比较奇怪的是,无论在 PhotoKit 或者是 ALAssetLibrary 中,要想获取到准确的图像方向,只能通过某些 key 检索所得。

.h 文件

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- (UIImageOrientation)imageOrientation;

.m 文件

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- (UIImageOrientation)imageOrientation {
    UIImageOrientation orientation;
    if (_usePhotoKit) {
        if (!_phAssetInfo) {
            // PHAsset 的 UIImageOrientation 需要调用过 requestImageDataForAsset 才能获取
            [self requestPhAssetInfo];
        }
        // 从 PhAssetInfo 中获取 UIImageOrientation 对应的字段
        orientation = (UIImageOrientation)[_phAssetInfo[@"orientation"] integerValue];
    } else {
        orientation = (UIImageOrientation)[[_alAsset valueForProperty:@"ALAssetPropertyOrientation"] integerValue];
    }
    return orientation;
}
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