8.2.2. LISTING PACKAGES
yum list 和其它相关的命令提供packages, package groups, repositories 相关信息。
通过拓展一个或多个glob expressions 作为yum's list commands 的参数，可以实现对结果的过滤。 Glob expression 是普通字符串，它包含一个或多个通配符（*，可以多次匹配任意字符； ？，可以匹配任意一个字符）。
Note :
当将glob expressions作为参数传递给yum命令时，需要注意glob expressions表达式的转义，否则Bash shell会将这些表达式当作pathname expansions, 进而会将当前路径下所有匹配glob的文件传递给yum. 为了glob expressions能够按照我们的意图传递给yum,有两种方式可供选择：+ 通过在通配符前添加反斜杠字符实现转义 + 将整个`glob expression` 用双引号或单引号引起来
1.1 yum list glob_expression :
能够和glob expressions匹配的并且已经安装的和available packages 信息将会list :
#example: 使用 glob expressions将`ABRT add-ons`和`plug-ins` 列出：
#注释：`ABRT add-ons`和`plug-ins` packages 以`abrt-addon- ` 或者 `abrt-plugin- `开头
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum list abrt-addon\* abrt-plugin\*
CentOS-8 - AppStream 4.2 MB/s | 8.8 MB 00:02
CentOS-8 - Base 4.4 MB/s | 6.5 MB 00:01
CentOS-8 - Extras 14 kB/s | 10 kB 00:00
CentOS-8 - PowerTools 2.5 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:00
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64 474 kB/s | 939 kB 00:01
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64 4.6 MB/s | 10 MB 00:02
Available Packages
abrt-addon-ccpp.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-addon-coredump-helper.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-addon-kerneloops.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-addon-pstoreoops.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-addon-vmcore.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-addon-xorg.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-plugin-machine-id.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream
abrt-plugin-sosreport.x86_64 2.10.9-20.el8 AppStream1.2 yum list all
将所有installed and available packages list :
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum list all
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:39 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
###Installed Packages
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:39 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
Installed Packages
GConf2.x86_64 3.2.6-22.el8 @AppStream
ModemManager.x86_64 1.10.4-1.el8 @anaconda
ModemManager-glib.x86_64 1.10.4-1.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-libreswan.x86_64 1.2.10-4.el8 @AppStream
NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-wifi.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
NetworkManager-wwan.x86_64 1:1.20.0-3.el8 @anaconda
PackageKit.x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 @AppStream
PackageKit-command-not-found.x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 @AppStream
PackageKit-glib.x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 @AppStream
PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin.x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 @AppStream
PackageKit-gtk3-module.x86_64 1.1.12-3.el8 @AppStream
R.x86_64 4.0.3-1.el8 @epel
R-core.x86_64 4.0.3-1.el8 @epel
R-core-devel.x86_64 4.0.3-1.el8 @epel
###Available Packages
3proxy.x86_64 0.8.13-1.el8 epel
AusweisApp2.x86_64 1.22.2-3.el8 epel
AusweisApp2-data.noarch 1.22.2-3.el8 epel
AusweisApp2-doc.noarch 1.22.2-3.el8 epel
BackupPC.x86_64 4.4.0-1.el8 epel
BackupPC-XS.x86_64 0.62-1.el8 epel
BibTool.x86_64 2.68-1.el8 epel
CCfits.x86_64 2.5-14.el8 epel
CCfits-devel.x86_64 2.5-14.el8 epel
CCfits-doc.noarch 2.5-14.el8 epel
CFR.noarch 0.151-4.el8 epel
CFR-javadoc.noarch 0.151-4.el8 epel
CGSI-gSOAP.x86_64 1.3.11-7.el8 epel
CGSI-gSOAP-devel.x86_64 1.3.11-7.el8 epel
CUnit.i686 2.1.3-17.el8 AppStream 1.3 yum list installed
list 所有系统已安装的 packages ， 输出中最右边的列列出了从其中检索包的存储库。
#列出以`krb`开头，后随一个字符和一个连字符的所有 installed packages
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum list "krb?-*"
Last metadata expiration check: 0:34:44 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
Installed Packages
krb5-devel.x86_64 1.18.2-5.el8 @BaseOS
krb5-libs.x86_64 1.18.2-5.el8 @BaseOS
Available Packages
krb5-devel.i686 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-devel.x86_64 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-libs.i686 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-libs.x86_64 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-pkinit.i686 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-pkinit.x86_64 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-server.i686 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-server.x86_64 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-server-ldap.i686 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-server-ldap.x86_64 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
krb5-workstation.x86_64 1.18.2-8.el8 BaseOS
[arthur@localhost ~]$ 1.4 yum list available
将all enabled repositories 中的available packages 列出：
#列出名称中包含“gstreamer”和“plugin”的所有可用包
arthur@localhost ~]$ yum list available "*gstreamer*plugin*"
Last metadata expiration check: 0:42:50 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
###Available Packages
PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin.x86_64 1.1.12-6.el8 AppStream
gstreamer-plugin-crystalhd.x86_64 3.10.0-22.el8 epel
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free.i686 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free.x86_64 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-devel.i686 1.16.1-1.el8 PowerTools
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-devel.x86_64 1.16.1-1.el8 PowerTools
gstreamer1-plugins-base.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-base.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-base-devel.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-base-devel.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good-gtk.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good-gtk.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-free.i686 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-free.x86_64 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum list available gstreamer\*plugin\*
Last metadata expiration check: 0:43:42 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
###Available Packages
gstreamer-plugin-crystalhd.x86_64 3.10.0-22.el8 epel
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free.i686 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free.x86_64 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-devel.i686 1.16.1-1.el8 PowerTools
gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-devel.x86_64 1.16.1-1.el8 PowerTools
gstreamer1-plugins-base.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-base.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-base-devel.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-base-devel.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good-gtk.i686 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-good-gtk.x86_64 1.16.1-2.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-free.i686 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-free.x86_64 1.16.1-1.el8 AppStream
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum list available gstreamer\*plugin
Last metadata expiration check: 0:43:58 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
Error: No matching Packages to list
[arthur@localhost ~]$ 1.5 yum group list
列出所有的package groups.
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum group list
Last metadata expiration check: 0:48:56 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
###Available Environment Groups:
Server with GUI
Server
Minimal Install
KDE Plasma Workspaces
Virtualization Host
Custom Operating System
###Installed Environment Groups:
Workstation
###Installed Groups:
Container Management
RPM Development Tools
Development Tools
Graphical Administration Tools
Headless Management
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
Network Servers
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Tools
###Available Groups:
.NET Core Development
Fedora Packager
Xfce
[arthur@localhost ~]$ 1.6 yum repolist
列出已经启用的存储库的存储库ID、名称和提供的包的数量。
[arthur@localhost ~]$ yum repolist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:48:15 ago on Mon 13 Sep 2021 09:21:32 AM EDT.
repo id repo name status
AppStream CentOS-8 - AppStream 5,802
BaseOS CentOS-8 - Base 2,076
PowerTools CentOS-8 - PowerTools 1,632
*epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64 7,760
*epel-modular Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Modular 8 - x86_64 0
extras CentOS-8 - Extras 37reference:
8.2.2. Listing Packages - Red Hat Customer Portal website