Throw new CustomerException('Customer message');

// App\Exceptions\Handler.php

    public function render($request, Exception $e)

    {

        // 没有权限访问

        if ($e instanceof ForbiddenException) {

            $message      = $e->getMessage() ?: '您没有权限操作';

            $code     = $e->getCode() ?: 401;

            $redirect = $e->getRedirect() ?: route('error.401');

            return $request->ajax() || $request->wantsJson() ? response()->json([ 'message' => $message ],

                $code) : response(view('errors.401', compact('code', 'message', 'redirect')), $code);

        }

        // FirstOrFail 和 FindOrFail 异常处理

        if ($e instanceof ModelNotFoundException) {

            // 如果删除的内容已经不存在了，就没必要报错了，直接成功处理

            if ('DELETE' === strtoupper(Request::method())) {

                return Response::json([ 'success' => true ]);

            }

            if ($request->ajax() || $request->wantsJson()) {

                return response()->json([ 'message' => '没有找到' ], 404);

            } else {

                return response()->view('errors.404', [ ], 404);

            }

        }

    }