WebDriver API 实例详解（四）

2022-01-01 23:49:51

三十一、使用页面的文字内容识别和处理新弹出的浏览器窗口

被测试网页的HTML源码：

 <html>

 <head>

 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">

 <title>你喜欢的水果</title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <p id="p1">你爱吃的水果么？</p>

     <br><br>

     <a href="http://www.sogou.com" target="_blank">sogou搜索</a>

 </body>

 </html>

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import java.util.Set;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file12.html";

         driver.get(url);

         String parentWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();

         WebElement sogouLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a"));

         sogouLink.click();

         Set<String> allWindowsHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();

         if(!allWindowsHandles.isEmpty()){

             for(String windowHandle:allWindowsHandles){

                 try {

                     if(driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle).getPageSource().contains("搜狗搜索")){

                         driver.findElement(By.id("query")).sendKeys("sogou");

                     }

                 } catch (NoSuchWindowException e) {

                     // TODO: handle exception

                     e.printStackTrace();

                 }

             }

         }

         driver.switchTo().window(parentWindowHandle);

         Assert.assertEquals(driver.getTitle(), "你喜欢的水果");

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (InterruptedException e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十二、操作JavaScript的Alert弹窗

目的：能够模拟单击弹出的Alert窗口的-‘确定’-按钮

被测试网页的HTML源码：

 <html>

 <head>

 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">

 <title>你喜欢的水果</title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <input id="button" type="button" onclick="alert('这是一个alert弹出框');" value="单击此按钮"></input>

 </body>

 </html>

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import java.util.Set;

 import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException;

 import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file13.html";

         driver.get(url);

         WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input"));

         button.click();

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (InterruptedException e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         try {

             Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();

             Assert.assertEquals("这是一个alert弹出框", alert.getText());

             alert.accept();//单击确定按钮

         } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {

             // TODO: handle exception

             Assert.fail("alert未被找到");

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (InterruptedException e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十三、操作JavaScript的confirm弹窗

目的：能够模拟单击JavaScript弹出的confirm框中的“确定”和“取消”按钮。

被测试网页的HTML源码：

 <html>

 <head>

 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">

 <title>你喜欢的水果</title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <input id="button" type="button" onclick="confirm('这是一个confirm弹出框');" value="单击此按钮"></input>

 </body>

 </html>

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file14.html";

         driver.get(url);

         WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input"));

         button.click();

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (InterruptedException e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         try {

             Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();

             Assert.assertEquals("这是一个confirm弹出框", alert.getText());

             //alert.accept();//单击确定按钮

             alert.dismiss();//单击取消

         } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {

             // TODO: handle exception

             Assert.fail("confirm未被找到");

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (InterruptedException e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十四、操作JavaScript的prompt弹窗

目的：能够在JavaScript的prompt弹窗中输入自定义的字符串，单击“确定”按钮和“取消”按钮。

被测试网页的HTML源码：

 <html>

 <head>

 <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">

 <title>你喜欢的水果</title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <input id="button" type="button" onclick="prompt('这是一个prompt弹出框');" value="单击此按钮"></input>

 </body>

 </html>

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "file15.html";

         driver.get(url);

         WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input"));

         button.click();

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         try {

             Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();

             Assert.assertEquals("这是一个prompt弹出框", alert.getText());

             alert.sendKeys("想改变命运，就必须每天学习2小时");

             Thread.sleep(3000);

             alert.accept();//单击确定按钮

             //alert.dismiss();//单击取消

         } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {

             // TODO: handle exception

             Assert.fail("confirm未被找到");

             e.printStackTrace();

         }catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO: handle exception

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十五、操作Frame中的页面元素

目的：能够进入页面的不同Frame中进行页面元素的操作。

被测试网页的HTML源码：

frameset.html
frame_left.html
frame_middle.html
frame_right.html

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "frameset.html";

         driver.get(url);

         driver.switchTo().frame("leftframe");

         WebElement leftframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p"));

         Assert.assertEquals("这是左侧frame页面上的文字", leftframeText.getText());

         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

         //

         driver.switchTo().frame("middleframe");

         WebElement middleframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p"));

         Assert.assertEquals("这是中间frame页面上的文字", middleframeText.getText());

         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

         //

         driver.switchTo().frame("rightframe");

         WebElement rightframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p"));

         Assert.assertEquals("这是右侧frame页面上的文字", rightframeText.getText());

         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

         //

         //使用索引。从0开始

         driver.switchTo().frame(1);

         middleframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//P"));

         Assert.assertEquals("这是中间frame页面上的文字", middleframeText.getText());

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十六、使用Frame中的HTML源码内容来操作Frame

目的：能够使用Frame页面的HTML源码定位指定的Frame页面并进行操作。

被测试网页的HTML源码：

同三十五被测试页面的HTML源码。

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import java.util.List;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "frameset.html";

         driver.get(url);

         List<WebElement> frames = driver.findElements(By.tagName("frame"));

         for(WebElement frame:frames){

             driver.switchTo().frame(frame);

             if(driver.getPageSource().contains("中间frame")){

                 WebElement middleframeText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p"));

                 Assert.assertEquals("这是中间frame页面上的文字", middleframeText.getText());

                 break;

             }else{

                 driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

             }

         }

         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十七、操作IFrame中的页面元素

被测试网页的HTML源码：

同三十五被测试页面的HTML源码，只是需要更新如下页面的HTML源码：

修改frame_left.html源码：

frame_left.html

在frame_left.html同级目录下新增iframe.html文件：

iframe.html

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.io.File;

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         File file = new File("");

         String url = file.getAbsolutePath() + "/html/" + "frameset.html";

         driver.get(url);

         driver.switchTo().frame("leftframe");

         WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.tagName("iframe"));

         driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);

         WebElement p = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p"));

         Assert.assertEquals("这是iframe页面上的文字", p.getText());

         driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

         driver.switchTo().frame("middleframe");

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }

三十八、操作浏览器的Cookie

目的：能够遍历输出所有的Cookie的Key和value;能够删除指定的Cookie对象;能够删除所有的Cookie对象。

被测试网页的地址：

http:www.sogou.com

Java语言版本的API实例代码：

 package test;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

 import java.util.Set;

 import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

 public class ChormeOpen {

     WebDriver driver;

     String url = "http://www.sogou.com";

     @Test

     public void opentest() {

         driver.get(url);

         Set<Cookie> cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();

         Cookie newCookie = new Cookie("cookieName","cookieValue");

         System.out.println(String.format("Domain-> name -> value -> expiry -> path"));

         for(Cookie cookie:cookies){

             System.out.println(String.format("%s-> %s -> %s -> %s -> %s",

                     cookie.getDomain(),cookie.getName(),

                     cookie.getValue(),cookie.getExpiry(),cookie.getPath()));

         }

         //删除cookie的3种方法

         //

         driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("CookieName");

         //

         driver.manage().deleteCookie(newCookie);

         //

         driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();

         try {

             Thread.sleep(3000);

         } catch (Exception e) {

             // TODO Auto-generated catch block

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

   @BeforeMethod

   public void beforeMethod() {

       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "F:\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");

         driver = new ChromeDriver();

   }

   @AfterMethod

   public void afterMethod() {

       driver.quit();

   }

 }
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