Java Graphics2D 打印详细介绍

Graphics2D 是 Java 2D API 的核心类之一,它提供了丰富的绘图功能,可以用于创建复杂的图形和图像效果。通过 Graphics2D,你可以实现多种打印功能,包括但不限于以下几种:

1. 文本打印

Graphics2D 可以用来绘制文本,包括普通文本、带格式的文本、多行文本等。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 设置字体
    Font font = new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 12);
    g2d.setFont(font);
    
    // 打印文本
    g2d.drawString("Hello, World!", 100, 100);
    
    // 打印多行文本
    String text = "This is a long text that needs to be wrapped into multiple lines.";
    int x = 100;
    int y = 150;
    int lineHeight = 20;
    FontRenderContext frc = g2d.getFontRenderContext();
    LineBreakMeasurer measurer = new LineBreakMeasurer(new AttributedString(text).getIterator(), frc);
    while (measurer.getPosition() < text.length()) {
        TextLayout layout = measurer.nextLayout(200); // 200 is the maximum width of the line
        y += layout.getAscent();
        layout.draw(g2d, x, y);
        y += layout.getDescent() + layout.getLeading();
    }
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

2. 图像打印

Graphics2D 可以用来绘制图像,包括本地文件中的图像、网络图像等。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 加载图像
    BufferedImage image = null;
    try {
        image = ImageIO.read(new File("path/to/image.jpg"));
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    
    // 打印图像
    if (image != null) {
        g2d.drawImage(image, 100, 200, null);
    }
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

3. 形状绘制

Graphics2D 可以用来绘制各种形状,如直线、矩形、椭圆、多边形等。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 绘制直线
    g2d.drawLine(100, 300, 200, 300);
    
    // 绘制矩形
    g2d.drawRect(100, 350, 100, 50);
    
    // 绘制椭圆
    g2d.drawOval(100, 450, 100, 50);
    
    // 绘制多边形
    int[] xPoints = {100, 150, 200, 150};
    int[] yPoints = {500, 450, 500, 550};
    g2d.drawPolygon(xPoints, yPoints, 4);
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

4. 渐变和纹理填充

Graphics2D 可以用来创建渐变和纹理填充效果。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 创建渐变填充
    GradientPaint gradient = new GradientPaint(100, 100, Color.RED, 200, 100, Color.BLUE);
    g2d.setPaint(gradient);
    g2d.fillRect(100, 100, 100, 100);
    
    // 创建纹理填充
    BufferedImage texture = null;
    try {
        texture = ImageIO.read(new File("path/to/texture.jpg"));
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    if (texture != null) {
        TexturePaint texturePaint = new TexturePaint(texture, new Rectangle(100, 200, 100, 100));
        g2d.setPaint(texturePaint);
        g2d.fillRect(100, 200, 100, 100);
    }
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

5. 旋转、缩放和平移

Graphics2D 支持图形的变换操作,如旋转、缩放和平移。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 保存当前图形上下文
    g2d.translate(100, 100);
    g2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(45));
    g2d.scale(2, 2);
    
    // 绘制矩形
    g2d.drawRect(0, 0, 50, 50);
    
    // 恢复图形上下文
    g2d.setTransform(new AffineTransform());
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

6. 抗锯齿和高质量渲染

Graphics2D 可以设置抗锯齿和高质量渲染,以提高图形的视觉效果。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 启用抗锯齿
    g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    
    // 启用高质量渲染
    g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
    
    // 绘制直线
    g2d.drawLine(100, 100, 200, 200);
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

7. 自定义线条样式

Graphics2D 可以设置自定义的线条样式,如虚线、实线等。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 创建自定义线条样式
    float[] dashPattern = {10.0f, 5.0f};
    BasicStroke stroke = new BasicStroke(2.0f, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND, 10.0f, dashPattern, 0.0f);
    g2d.setStroke(stroke);
    
    // 绘制直线
    g2d.drawLine(100, 100, 200, 200);
    
    return pageIndex == 0 ? PAGE_EXISTS : NO_SUCH_PAGE;
}

8. 多页打印

Graphics2D 可以实现多页打印,通过不同的 pageIndex 来处理不同的页面内容。

示例代码:

public int print(Graphics graphics, PageFormat pageFormat, int pageIndex) throws PrinterException {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
    
    // 根据pageIndex绘制不同的内容
    switch (pageIndex) {
        case 0:
            g2d.drawString("Page 1", 100, 100);
            break;
        case 1:
            g2d.drawString("Page 2", 100, 100);
            break;
        default:
            return NO_SUCH_PAGE;
    }
    
    return PAGE_EXISTS;
}

总结

Graphics2D 提供了丰富的绘图功能,可以用来实现多种打印需求,包括文本、图像、形状、渐变和纹理填充、图形变换、抗锯齿和高质量渲染、自定义线条样式以及多页打印。通过这些功能,你可以创建复杂且美观的打印内容。

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