一. Linux 安装python3.7.0
centos6/7，centos系统本身默认安装有python2.x(其实我是centos6.5，centos默认安装python2.6.6)，版本x根据不同版本系统有所不同，可通过 python --V 或 python --version 查看系统自带的python版本有一些系统命令时需要用到python2，不能卸载
1. 安装依赖包
1）首先安装gcc编译器，gcc有些系统版本已经默认安装，通过 gcc --version 查看，没安装的先安装gcc，yum -y install gcc
2）安装其它依赖包，（注：不要缺少，否则有可能安装python出错，python3.7.0以下的版本可不装 libffi-devel ）
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel
2. 下载python3.7.0源码，根据需求下载
1）在https://www.python.org/ftp/python/中选择自己需要的python源码包，我下载的是python3.7.0
(大家也可以去https://www.python.org官网首页下载，找到downloads，就可以选择想要的版本下载了)
2）下载
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz
3. 解压Python-3.7.0.tgz
cd /usr/local
tar -zxvf /opt/software/Python-3.7.0.tgz
4. 建立一个空文件夹，用于存放python3程序
mkdir /usr/local/python3
5. 执行配置文件，编译，编译安装
cd Python-3.7.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install
安装完成没有提示错误便安装成功了
6. 建立软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3
7. 测试一下python3是否可以用
[root@mini Python-3.7.0]# python3
Python 3.7.0 (default, Jul 28 2018, 22:47:29)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print("hello world!")
hello world!
>>> exit()
[root@mini Python-3.7.0]# pip3 --version
pip 10.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)
可以看到python3.7.0可以正常使用
二. bug: 使用pip 命令失败
1. 错误信息
1.1信息
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting virtualenv
Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/virtualenv/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/virtualenv/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement virtualenv (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for virtualenv
pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
1.2 错误原因
系统版本centos6.5，其中openssl的版本为OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013,而python3.7需要的openssl的版本为1.0.2或者1.1.x,需要对openssl进行升级，并重新编译python3.7.0。yum 安装的openssl 版本都比较低。
2. 解决方案–升级openssl
2.1 下载openssl
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1a.tar.gz
cd /usr/local
tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1a.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.1amv openssl-1.1.1a openssl
2.2 编译安装
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl no-zlib #不需要zlib
make
make install
2.3 备份原配置
mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.bak
mv /usr/include/openssl/ /usr/include/openssl.bak
新版配置
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/local/lib64/libssl.so
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl
修改系统配置
\## 写入openssl库文件的搜索路径
echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
\## 使修改后的/etc/ld.so.conf生效
ldconfig -v
2.4 查看openssl版本
openssl version
openssl version 提示：
/usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl: error while loading shared libraries: libssl.so.1.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
假如你的libssl.so.1.1 文件在/usr/local/openssl/lib/下面，可以这样做
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/libssl.so.1.1
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.1
2.5 重新安装python
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl
make
make install
三. shell 读取yaml 之 shyaml
1. 安装shyaml
pip3 install shyaml
2. 案例分析
2.1 file.yaml文件内容
创建文件
cd /usr/local
vim file.yaml
---
idc_group:
name: bx
bx:
news_bx: news_bx
web3_bx: web3_php-fpm_bx
task: [1,2,3,4,5,6]
2.2 shell操作
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-value idc_group.name
bx
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml key-values idc_group.bx
news_bx
news_bx
web3_bx
web3_php-fpm_bx
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
get-value：获取值
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-value idc_group.bx.news_bx
news_bx
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
get-type：获取相应的类型
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-type idc_group.bx.news_bx
str
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
get-values{,-0}：对序列类型来说，获取值列表
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml get-values idc_group.bx.task
1
2
3
4
5
6
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
keys{,-0}：返回键列表
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml keys idc_group
name
bx
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml keys idc_group.bx
news_bx
web3_bx
task
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
values{,-0}：返回值列表
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml values idc_group.bx
news_bx
web3_php-fpm_bx
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml values idc_group
bx
news_bx: news_bx
web3_bx: web3_php-fpm_bx
task:
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$
key-values,{,-0}：返回键值对
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml key-values idc_group.bx
news_bx
news_bx
web3_bx
web3_php-fpm_bx
task
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$ cat file.yaml | shyaml key-values idc_group
name
bx
bx
news_bx: news_bx
web3_bx: web3_php-fpm_bx
task:
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
(testenv3.7) localhost:testenv3.7 macname$