首先,我会告诉我的主要目标是什么.我将使用AES加密客户端中的某些内容,然后使用RSA公钥加密重要的AES规范,并将AES加密数据和RSA加密AES规范发送到服务器.所以在服务器上,我将使用RSA私钥解密AES密钥规范,然后使用这些AES规范,我将解密AES加密数据.我通过测试加密和解密成功地使RSA部分工作.在实现RSa之前,我要使这个AES艺术工作.

对于客户端,我使用的是crypto-js

<script src="http://crypto-js.googlecode.com/svn/tags/3.1.2/build/rollups/aes.js"></script>
<script src="http://crypto-js.googlecode.com/svn/tags/3.1.2/build/rollups/pbkdf2.js"></script>
<script src="http://crypto-js.googlecode.com/svn/tags/3.1.2/build/components/enc-base64-min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.7.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

    $("#submit").click(function() {
        var salt = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(16);
        var iv = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(16);
        var pass = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(16);
        var message = "Test Message for encryption";
        var key128Bits = CryptoJS.PBKDF2(pass, salt, { keySize: 128 }); 
        var key128Bits10Iterations = CryptoJS.PBKDF2(pass, salt, { keySize: 128, iterations: 10 });
        var encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(message, key128Bits10Iterations, { iv: iv, mode: CryptoJS.mode.CBC, padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7  });
        var cipherData = encrypted.toString()+":"+salt.toString()+":"+iv.toString()+":"+pass.toString();
        console.log(cipherData);

        $.ajax({
            url: 'encryption',
            type: 'POST',
            data: {
                cipherData: cipherData
            },
            success: function(data) {
                console.log(data);
            },
            failure: function(data) {

            }
        });
    });

</script>

这是我在服务器端使用的代码

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    String encryptedData = request.getParameter("cipherData");
    String data[] = encryptedData.split(":");

    String encrypted = data[0];     
    String salt = data[1];
    String iv = data[2];
    String password = data[3];

    byte[] saltBytes = hexStringToByteArray(salt);
    byte[] ivBytes = hexStringToByteArray(iv);
    IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes);        
    SecretKeySpec sKey = null;
    try {
        sKey = (SecretKeySpec) generateKeyFromPassword(password, saltBytes);
    } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    try {
        System.out.println( decrypt( encrypted , sKey ,ivParameterSpec));
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

public static SecretKey generateKeyFromPassword(String password, byte[] saltBytes) throws GeneralSecurityException {

    KeySpec keySpec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray(), saltBytes, 10, 128);
    SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1");
    SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);

    return new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), "AES");
}

public static byte[] hexStringToByteArray(String s) {

    int len = s.length();
    byte[] data = new byte[len / 2];

    for (int i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
        data[i / 2] = (byte) ((Character.digit(s.charAt(i), 16) << 4)
                + Character.digit(s.charAt(i+1), 16));
    }

    return data;

}

public static String decrypt(String encryptedData, SecretKeySpec sKey, IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec) throws Exception { 

    Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, sKey, ivParameterSpec);
    byte[] decordedValue = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData);
    byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decordedValue);
    String decryptedValue = new String(decValue);

    return decryptedValue;
}

首先,我要确保服务器正在接收我正在发送的相同数据.所以我通过sysout对加密,salt,iv和密码进行了测试.它收到了相同的数据.但我得到了例外

byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decordedValue);

javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Given final block not properly padded
at com.sun.crypto.provider.CipherCore.doFinal(CipherCore.java:966)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.CipherCore.doFinal(CipherCore.java:824)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineDoFinal(AESCipher.java:436)
at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(Cipher.java:2121)
at com.Encryption.decrypt(Encryption.java:95)
at com.Encryption.doPost(Encryption.java:60)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:644)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:503)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:136)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:610)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:526)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1078)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:655)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:222)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1566)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1523)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

你可以看到在Javascript方面,它是CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,在服务器端它是AES / CBC / PKCS5Padding,我已经做了一些搜索,发现它们都是相同的.我既不能将其更改为CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs5,也不能将AES / CBC / PKCS7Padding更改为Crypto-js库和Java inbuild库.

我也有以下想法.在javascript中,我使用随机盐并传递生成128位密钥.使用相同的salt并传递,我通过定义适当的迭代计数和密钥大小在Java中生成相同的密钥.为什么我必须通过再次生成相同的密钥来延长Java中的进程？我只需将密钥(encrypted.key),encrytedData(encrypted.toString())和Iv(encrypted.iv)发送到服务器并立即解密数据,而无需再次生成密钥.我是对的吗？我也试过这个,我得到“无效的AES密钥长度异常”.为了保持安全性,我将使用RSA公钥加密客户端的密钥和Iv.实现Syymmetric with Asymmetric的原因之一是由于RSA的加密数据量有限.但是如果我不能清除这个BadPaddingException,我就无法实现它.

解决方法:

由于您希望使用RSA并且已经实现了它,因此无需使用密码派生.创建随机密钥并随机iv：

var key = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(16); // 128bit
var iv = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(16);  // 128bit
var encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(message, key, { iv: iv }); // CBC/PKCS#7 is default

然后将iv.toString(Crypto.enc.Base64),encrypted.ciphertext.toString(Crypto.enc.Base64)和“RSAencrypt(key)”发送到服务器,解码base64编码的iv和密文,解密RSA密文到获取AES密钥并将所有这些密钥组合在一起以解密密文.

您最初的问题可能在于您使用的尺寸. CryptoJS具有内部表示,每个字包含4个字节.这就是你需要除以32以获得128位散列的原因：

var key128Bits = CryptoJS.PBKDF2(pass, salt, { keySize: 128/32 });

另一方面,WordArray仅适用于字节,这就是除以8的原因：

var key = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.random(128/8);