人生苦短之我用Python篇（XML模块）

2024-04-10 12:08:42

XML模块

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可扩展标记语言，标准通用标记语言的子集，是一种用于标记电子文件使其具有结构性的标记语言。

xml的格式如下，就是通过<>节点来区别数据结构的:

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<data>

    <country name="Liechtenstein">

        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>

        <year>2008</year>

        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>

        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>

    </country>

    <country name="Singapore">

        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>

        <year>2011</year>

        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>

    </country>

    <country name="Panama">

        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>

        <year>2011</year>

        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>

        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>

    </country>

</data>

xmltest.xml

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")#解析xml文件
root = tree.getroot()#获取根节点
node.tag
node.attrib
node.text

node.tag = "years"　　　　　　#修改tag的值
node.text = str(new_year)　　#赋予node元素新的值
node.set("updated","no")　　#设置node元素的属性值

root.remove(country)

在python中可以用以下模块操作xml（import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET）

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")#解析xml文件

root = tree.getroot()

print(root.tag)

# 遍历xml文档

for child in root:

    print(child.tag, child.attrib)

    for i in child:

        print(i.tag,i.attrib,i.text)

# 只遍历year 节点

for node in root.iter('year'):

    print(node.tag, node.text)

修改和删除xml文档内容

# import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

#

# tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")#解析xml文件

# root = tree.getroot()

# print(root.tag)

#

# # 遍历xml文档

# for child in root:

#     print(child.tag, child.attrib)

#     for i in child:

#         print(i.tag,i.attrib,i.text)

#

# # 只遍历year 节点

# for node in root.iter('year'):

#     print(node.tag, node.text)

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")

root = tree.getroot()

# 修改

for node in root.iter("year"):

    new_year = int(node.text) + 1

    node.text = str(new_year)#赋予node元素新的值

    node.set("updated","no")#设置node元素的属性值

tree.write("xmltest.xml")

#删除

for country in root.findall("country"):

    rank = int(country.find('rank').text)

    if rank > 50:

        root.remove(country)

tree.write("output.xml")

自己创建XML文件

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")

name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})

age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})

sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")

name.text = '陈泰成'

age.text = ""

sex.text = '男'

name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})

age = ET.SubElement(name,"age")

name.text = "哈利路亚"

age.set("is_privary","yes")

age.text = ""

et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)

et.write("test.xml",encoding = "utf-8",xml_declaration = True)

ET.dump(new_xml)

码农公寓

XML模块

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