我尝试了他们的答案,几乎将任何字符串编码为utf-8,但是hmac仍然告诉我编码我的unicoe字符.最大的问题是我什至无法识别令人讨厌的变量.打印输出告诉我它们是字符串还是字节；在前者的情况下,我附加了.encode(),但这没有帮助.
我正在尝试查询GDAX API,同时也是using the code as given on their API page.由于是为Python2.7编写的,因此我认为编码和所有内容可能存在问题,但这对我来说没有任何意义.
我的代码：
class CoinbaseExchangeAuth(AuthBase):
def __init__(self, api_key, secret_key, passphrase):
self.api_key = api_key.encode()
self.secret_key = secret_key.encode()
self.passphrase = passphrase.encode()
def __call__(self, request):
timestamp = str(time.time())
message = timestamp + request.method + request.path_url + (request.body or '')
hmac_key = base64.b64decode(self.secret_key)
#print(hmac_key, type(hmac_key))
#print(message, type(message))
signature = hmac.new(hmac_key, message, hashlib.sha256)
signature_b64 = signature.digest().encode('base64').rstrip('\n')
request.headers.update({
'CB-ACCESS-SIGN': signature_b64,
'CB-ACCESS-TIMESTAMP': timestamp,
'CB-ACCESS-KEY': self.api_key,
'CB-ACCESS-PASSPHRASE': self.passphrase,
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
})
return request
错误：
File "F:\git\knowhere\Private\bitex-crawler\gdax_client\gdaxex\api.py", line 47, in __call__
signature = hmac.new(hmac_key, message, hashlib.sha256)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\hmac.py", line 144, in new
return HMAC(key, msg, digestmod)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\hmac.py", line 84, in __init__
self.update(msg)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\hmac.py", line 93, in update
self.inner.update(msg)
TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing
当我输入检查送入hmac.new()调用的对象时,它告诉我我有一个str对象和一个bytes对象.
print(type(hmac_key)) # <bytes>
print(type(message)) # <str>
自然地,我认为我也需要对那个吸盘进行编码：
signature = hmac.new(hmac_key, message.encode(), hashlib.sha256)
导致此行出现错误：
signature_b64 = signature.digest().encode('base64').rstrip('\n')
即：
File "F:/git/knowhere/Private/bitex-crawler/gdax_client/client.py",
[..]
File "F:\git\knowhere\Private\bitex-crawler\gdax_client\gdaxex\api.py", line 123, in _query
r = api_query(url, json=req, auth=auth)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 67, in get
return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 53, in request
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 454, in request
prep = self.prepare_request(req)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 388, in prepare_request
hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py", line 297, in prepare
self.prepare_auth(auth, url)
File "C:\Users\nls\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py", line 490, in prepare_auth
r = auth(self)
File "F:\git\knowhere\Private\bitex-crawler\gdax_client\gdaxex\api.py", line 49, in __call__
signature_b64 = signature.digest().encode('base64').rstrip('\n')
AttributeError: 'bytes' object has no attribute 'encode'
..所以我不能有未编码的unicode对象,但是以后也不能有字节吗？我到底该如何解决？感谢任何帮助,因为我深感困惑.
解决方法:
“Parameter msg can be of any type supported by hashlib.”.
“Note: Feeding string objects into is not supported, as hashes work on bytes, not on characters.”.
因此,您的消息必须为字节类型.在消息夹中使用.encode()将为您提供bytes对象.
注意：这仅适用于python 3！
要将摘要编码为base64,请使用base64 library.
import base64
signature_b64 = base64.b64encode(signature.digest())