python 实现树结构

简述:

研究  MCTS 过程中, 需要用到树结构。  baidu  google 了一番, 找不到自己能满足自己的库或代码参考,只好再造个*出来

我造的树用来下五子棋 和 围棋用的,   有其它不同的应用场合, 那就需要在此基础上改造了。

本树的特点:
1. 支持多子节点   ( 网络上很多代码都是二叉树,不符合我的需求 )
2. 支持树的存储 和 读取, 网上很少看到。

正文:
下面按照 应用场景, 数据结构和接口 ,  代码, 三个部分 自上向下说明。

应用场景:

一: 画一个根节点, 再加三个叶子的树 (参考 Tree.demo1())

        data = ['{}'.format(  random.random() * 10000 )]
self.addSubNodeToCur_Data( data ) self.moveUp();
data = ['{}'.format( random.random() * 10000 )]
self.addSubNodeToCur_Data( data ) self.moveUp();
data = ['{}'.format( random.random() * 10000 )]
self.addSubNodeToCur_Data( data ) self.save()

  

初始化出来的树,只有一个根节点  tree = Tree()
然后在根下面,加一个节点, 内容是 data ,必须是 list 结构,  list 里的元素只能是 字符,数字, True/False , 不允许 object , list  , ()

moveUp 是当前节点往上移动一层,  如果已经是根节点了,会返回False
addSubNodeToCur_Data(self,  data, NodeId = 0, isMoveToSub = True )   在当前节点下,增加一个节点,节点内容是 Data ; isMoveToSub  当前节点移到新增节点
NodeId 一般不需要设置, 如果你的树结构是清楚的时候, 知道NodeId 的情况下设置。

二: 保存树,读取树
self.load(self, filename = None)    , load 之后 ,生成树

self.save(self, filename = None)

默认文件名 ./data.npy   可指定文件名 ,  .npy 结尾

三:生成棋谱树
该棋局, 只有 4个 落子点 , [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)] ,   一个人下
根据数理分析, 会形成这样一棵树:
0                        root_node   根节点
1                  4 × node           第一步 节点数   
2                 3  x  4  x node   第二步节点数
3               2x  3x4xnode      第三步节点数
4               1x  2x3x4xnode  第四步节点数

下一局,形成的一个棋谱

#  下一局,   随机选一个点,  下满棋盘
def WzOne( tree ):
tree.reset() #让树当前节点回到根节点
avilAction = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)] # 4个落子点
while( len(avilAction) >0 ): #无落子点
action = random.choice(avilAction) #随机一个落子点
avilAction.remove(action) data = list( action )
# 遍历当前前节点的子节点, 如果已经存在该落子点, 则跳到子节点
# 如果当前节点的子节点, 无该落子点, 则增加一个子节点
isExist = False
for node in tree.cur_Node.children :
if( node.getData() == data ):
isExist = True
tree.moveToNode_byNode( node )
break
if( isExist == False ):
tree.addSubNodeToCur_Data(data) pass

下100局,形成100局的棋谱

#  下100局, 拓展棋谱
def testWzTree():
'''
生成 落子树
'''
tree = Tree()
for i in range(100):
WzOne( tree ) tree.printTree()
tree.save() #读取树
print '------------------------------------------------'
tree2 = Tree()
tree2.load()
tree2.printTree()
pass

最多生成 24 个叶子(最低层)的树;  也就是  24个棋谱

三:生成10x10 的五子 对弈 棋谱树

理论最大棋谱数 100 x 98 x 96x 94 x ......      (不考虑五子成线)   貌似好几百亿

试验了一下 7 x7 对弈五子棋,  10000 局, 形成  195719 个节点的树 
github :
https://github.com/rehylas/play_chess/blob/master/standTree/wuzi.py
待补充

数据结构和接口

本代码输出两个类:Node  和 Tree

节点保存的信息有两部分: 
nodeInfo = [  nodeid,  level,  parentNodeid, [ node1,node2,node3 ]   ]
data = [data1, data2,data3,data3 ]     随应用定义

Node 输出接口:

create
setData(Data)
setParent(Node)
addSubNode(Node)
getSubNodeList()

Tree 输出接口:

def __init__(self):
def reset(self):
def load(self, filename = None ):
def save(self, filename = None ):
def printTree(self):
def getRootNode(self):
def getCurNode(self):
def addSubNodeToCur_Node(self, subNode, isMoveToSub = True ):
def addSubNodeToCur_Data(self, data, NodeId = 0, isMoveToSub = True ):
def moveToNode(self,nodeId ):
def moveToNode_byNode(self, node ):
def serachNodeId(self, thisNode, nodeId):
def moveUp(self):

代码:

gitHub:  https://github.com/rehylas/play_chess/blob/master/standTree/Tree.py

代码:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Author: hylas zhang import numpy as np;
import random ''' Node class data
data: []
nodeinfo: id, level, parentId, childrenIdList [ 0, 0, 0, [] ]
childrenIdList save to file : [1,2,3,4] ==> 1,2,3,4 export function:
create
setData(Data)
setParent(Node)
addSubNode(Node)
getSubNodeList() in function: ''' class Node():
def __init__(self, info=None, data=None, infodata = None ):
if( infodata != None ):
info = infodata[0:3] +[[]]
data = infodata[3:]
self.info = info
self.data = data
pass self.data = [''] #[ 0,0, '' ] #times, wins, values
if( data != None ):
self.data = data
self.nodeInfo=[ 0, 0 ,0, [] ] #Nodeid, level , parentId, childrenIdList
if( info != None ):
self.nodeInfo = info self.parent = None
self.children = []
pass def setData(self,data):
self.data = data def setParent(self, parentNode):
self.parent = parentNode def addChild(self, childNode ):
self.children += [ childNode ] def getSubNodeList(self):
return self.children def getDataInfo(self):
dataList = [self.nodeInfo[0],self.nodeInfo[1],self.nodeInfo[2]] +self.data
return dataList def getData(self):
return self.data def getInfo(self):
return self.nodeInfo def __repr__(self):
return "nodeInfo: {}, ".format(self.nodeInfo ) def __eq__(self, other):
selfVal = "{}".format(self.nodeInfo )
otherVal = "{}".format(other.nodeInfo) if hash(selfVal) == hash(otherVal):
return True
return False '''
Tree
export function:
1.create
2.getRootNode
3.getCurNode
4.reset( 一般 回溯之后 )
5.loadFile
6.saveFile
7.addNewNodeInCurNode 7.获取usb最优节点
8.增加新节点
9.移动当前节点 内部: ''' class Tree():
###### 输出
def __init__(self):
self.root_Node = Node()
self.cur_Node = self.root_Node
self.NodeCount = 1 # 节点+ 叶子数 + 1
pass def reset(self):
self.cur_Node = self.root_Node
pass def load(self, filename = None ):
if( filename == None ):
filename = './data.npy'
npData2 = np.load( filename )
lst2 = npData2.tolist()
for node in lst2:
info = node[0:3]
data = node[3:]
if( info[0] == 0 ):
continue
print 'want to add:'
print node if( info[2] == self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0] ):
self.addSubNodeToCur_Data(data, NodeId = info[0] )
continue #self.cur_Node
count = 10
while( info[2] != self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0] ) : ret = self.moveUp() if( ret == False ):
print 'error ......'
return continue self.addSubNodeToCur_Data(data, NodeId = info[0]) self.printTree()
pass def save(self, filename = None ):
if (filename == None):
filename = './data.npy' nodeLst = self.fetchAllNode()
dataList =[]
for node in nodeLst :
print node
dataList += [ node.getDataInfo() ]
# Node.
pass npData = np.array( dataList )
np.save(filename, npData ) '''
npData2 = np.load( './data.npy' )
lst2 = npData2.tolist()
print 'lst2:', lst2
''' def printTree(self):
nodeLst = self.fetchAllNode()
for node in nodeLst :
print node.getDataInfo()
pass def getRootNode(self):
return self.root_Node; def getCurNode(self):
return self.cur_Node; # nodeinfo: id, level, parentId, childrenIdList[0, 0, 0, []]
def addSubNodeToCur_Node(self, subNode, isMoveToSub = True ):
newNodeId = self.NodeCount
self.NodeCount += 1
self.cur_Node.children += [subNode]
self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[3] += [ newNodeId ] subNode.parent = self.cur_Node
subNode.nodeinfo[0] = newNodeId
subNode.nodeinfo[1] = self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[1] +1
subNode.nodeinfo[2] = self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0]
subNode.nodeinfo[3] = []
if( isMoveToSub ):
self.cur_Node = subNode pass def addSubNodeToCur_Data(self, data, NodeId = 0, isMoveToSub = True ):
subNode = Node(data=data) if(NodeId == 0 ):
newNodeId = self.NodeCount
else:
newNodeId = NodeId
self.NodeCount += 1
self.cur_Node.children += [subNode]
self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[3] += [ newNodeId ] subNode.parent = self.cur_Node subNode.nodeInfo[0] = newNodeId
subNode.nodeInfo[1] = self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[1] +1
subNode.nodeInfo[2] = self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0]
subNode.nodeInfo[3] = []
#print 'addSubNodeToCur_Data, now in :', self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0]
if( isMoveToSub ):
self.cur_Node = subNode #print 'addSubNodeToCur_Data, now in :', self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0] def moveToNode(self,nodeId ):
node = self.serachNodeId( self.root_Node, nodeId)
if (node!= None):
self.cur_Node = node
return node
else:
return None
pass def moveToNode_byNode(self, node ):
self.cur_Node = node
pass def fetchAllNode(self):
return self.touchAllNode( self.getRootNode() )
pass # in function
def touchAllNode(self, thisNode):
allNode = [ thisNode ]
for node in thisNode.children :
allNode += self.touchAllNode( node ) return allNode def serachNodeId(self, thisNode, nodeId):
if( thisNode.nodeInfo[0] == nodeId ):
return thisNode
else:
for node in thisNode.children :
ret = self.serachNodeId(node , nodeId )
if( ret != None ):
return ret return None ###### 内部函数
def moveUp(self):
if( self.cur_Node.nodeInfo[0] == 0 ):
print 'moveUp error'
return False self.cur_Node = self.cur_Node.parent;
return True ######## test
def demo1(self):
data = ['{}'.format( random.random() * 10000 )]
self.addSubNodeToCur_Data( data ) self.moveUp();
data = ['{}'.format( random.random() * 10000 )]
self.addSubNodeToCur_Data( data ) self.save()
pass def deom2(self):
self.load() # 下100局, 拓展棋谱
def testWzTree():
'''
生成 落子树
'''
tree = Tree()
for i in range(100):
WzOne( tree ) tree.printTree()
tree.save() #读取树
print '------------------------------------------------'
tree2 = Tree()
tree2.load()
tree2.printTree()
pass # 下一局, 随机选一个点, 下满棋盘
def WzOne( tree ):
tree.reset() #让树当前节点回到根节点
avilAction = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)] # 4个落子点
while( len(avilAction) >0 ): #无落子点
action = random.choice(avilAction) #随机一个落子点
avilAction.remove(action) data = list( action )
# 遍历当前前节点的子节点, 如果已经存在该落子点, 则跳到子节点
# 如果当前节点的子节点, 无该落子点, 则增加一个子节点
isExist = False
for node in tree.cur_Node.children :
if( node.getData() == data ):
isExist = True
tree.moveToNode_byNode( node )
break
if( isExist == False ):
tree.addSubNodeToCur_Data(data) pass def test():
testWzTree()
return tree = Tree()
tree.test()
return if __name__ == "__main__":
test()
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