#su oralce

$export ORACLE_SID=orcl

$export ORACLE_HOME=/db/oracle/product/10.2./db_1

$cd $ORACLE_HOME

$cd bin

$./sqlplus /nolog

SQL> conn / as sysdba;

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=;

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=;

SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ORA-: new character set must be a superset of old character set (意思是新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，跳过即可)

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup