ls命令的R參数代表递归的列出全部子目录中的全部文件，1表示每一行仅仅显示一个文件或目录，f表示不排序即输出。F表示在每项的输出的最后依据其文件类型对应的加上*/=>@|字符。通过c语言实现ls -R1fF命令的效果，其源码例如以下：

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <dirent.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <pwd.h>

#include <grp.h>

#include <string.h>

void listdir(char *);

char get_type(struct stat *);

int main(int argc,char * argv[])

{

	if(argc == 1)

		listdir(".");

	else

	{

		int index = 1;

		while(argc > 1)

		{

			listdir(argv[index]);

			index++;

			argc--;

		}

	}

	return 0;

}

void listdir(char * dirname)

{

	DIR * dir;

	struct stat info;

	//char pointer[];

	struct dirent * direntp;

	if((dir = opendir(dirname)) != NULL)

	{

		printf("%s:\n",dirname);

		while((direntp = readdir(dir)) != NULL)

		{

			char absolute_pathname[255];

			strcpy(absolute_pathname,dirname);

			strcat(absolute_pathname,"/");

			strcat(absolute_pathname,direntp->d_name);

			lstat(absolute_pathname,&info);

			printf("%s",direntp->d_name);

			printf("%c\n",get_type(&info));

		}

		printf("\n");

		rewinddir(dir);

		while((direntp = readdir(dir)) != NULL)

		{

			if(strcmp(direntp->d_name,".") == 0 || strcmp(direntp->d_name,"..") == 0)

				continue;

			char absolute_pathname[255];

			strcpy(absolute_pathname,dirname);

			strcat(absolute_pathname,"/");

			strcat(absolute_pathname,direntp->d_name);

			lstat(absolute_pathname,&info);

			if(S_ISDIR((&info)->st_mode))

				listdir(absolute_pathname);

		}

	}

}

char get_type(struct stat * info)

{

	if(S_ISCHR(info->st_mode))

		return '*';

	if(S_ISDIR(info->st_mode))

		return '/';

	if(S_ISSOCK(info->st_mode))

		return '=';

	if(S_ISBLK(info->st_mode))

		return '>';

	if(S_ISLNK(info->st_mode))

		return '@';

	if(S_ISFIFO(info->st_mode))

		return '|';

	return ' ';

}