Asp.Net Core 进阶(一) —— 读取appsettings.json

  我们以前在Asp.Net MVC中使用 System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager 来读取web.config文件。但是Asp.Net Core MVC已经没有web.config文件了,它的配置信息一般写在appsettings.json当中,那么我们怎么读取该文件呢?

  在Asp.Net Core MVC中使用 Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions 包来读取appsettings.json。具体的操作如下:

  使用NuGet添加  Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions  包到我们的项目当中,然后在appsettings.json中添加我们自己的一些配置信息

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Warning"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "OpenAuthDBContext": "Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=dbname;User=sa;Password=123"
  },
  "AppSetting": {
    "SSOPassport": "http://localhost:52789",
    "Version": "1.0", //如果为demo,则屏蔽Post请求
    "DbType": "SqlServer", //数据库类型:SqlServer/MySql
    "MessageUrl": "http://localhot:23124", //短信平台接口
    "MessageType": "CAD71325-0097-4052-9183-56F04EED0B31" //短信类型ID
  }
}

  然后我们新建一个文件AppSetting

    /// <summary>
    /// 配置项
    /// </summary>
    public class AppSetting
    {

        public AppSetting()
        {
            SSOPassport = "http://localhost:52789";  
            Version = "";
            DbType = Define.DBTYPE_SQLSERVER;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// SSO地址
        /// </summary>
        public string SSOPassport { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 版本信息
        /// 如果为demo,则屏蔽Post请求
        /// </summary>
        public string Version { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 数据库类型 SqlServer、MySql
        /// </summary>
        public string DbType { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 短信平台接口Url
        /// </summary>
        public string MessageUrl { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 短信类型
        /// </summary>
        public string MessageType { get; set; }
    }

  接着在Startup.cs文件的ConfigureServices方法中添加

services.AddOptions();
//映射配置文件
services.Configure<AppSetting>(Configuration.GetSection("AppSetting"));

  最后就可以在我们的Controller中使用了,通过IOption<AppSetting>来读取。

private readonly IOptions<AppSetting> _setting;
 
public LoginController(IAuth authUtil,IOptions<AppSetting> setting)
{
       _authUtil = authUtil;
       _setting = setting;
}

public string GetCaptcha(string phone)
{
    string messageUrl = _setting.Value.MessageUrl;
    string messageType = _setting.Value.MessageType;

    if (_authUtil.GetCaptcha(phone, messageUrl, messageType))
    {
        return JsonHelper.Instance.Serialize(new { Code = 200, Message = "" });
    }
    return JsonHelper.Instance.Serialize(new { Code = 500, Message = "验证码获取失败,请稍后重试!" });
}

  需要注意的是,通过IOption的方式不能在Startup.cs中读取appsettings.json文件,在Startup.cs中读取appsettings.json文件需要使用Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration的IConfiguration。

var dbType = ((ConfigurationSection) Configuration.GetSection("AppSetting:DbType")).Value;

 或者使用

var v = Configuration["ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT"];
var d = Configuration["AppSetting:MessageUrl"];

 针对格式为下面的json,我么可以通过索引来获取

{
    "Message": {
        "Message1": {
            "Name": ""
        },
        "Message2": {
            "Name": ""
        }
    }
}
_configuration["Message:0:Name"]

 

上一篇:ASP.NET Core appsettings.json 文件


下一篇:c# – 为什么在ConfigurationManager.AppSettings [key]上调用.ToString()?