http://www.cnblogs.com/liping13599168/archive/2011/07/16/2108209.html
Autofac是一款IOC框架,比较于其他的IOC框架,如Spring.NET,Unity,Castle等等所包含的,它很轻量级性能上也是很高的。于是,今天抽空研究了下它。下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/autofac/downloads/list
1)解压它的压缩包,主要看到Autofac.dll,Autofac.Configuration.dll,这也是本篇文章重点使用的Autofac的类库。
2)创建一个控制台工程,并且引用以上的DLL文件。创建一个数据库操作接口IDatabase.cs:
/// <summary> /// Database operate interface /// </summary> public interface IDatabase { string Name { get; }
void Select(string commandText);
void Insert(string commandText);
void Update(string commandText);
void Delete(string commandText); }
这里包含CRUD四种操作的方法。
3)创建两种数据库的操作类,SqlDatabase.cs以及OracleDatabase.cs:
public class SqlDatabase : IDatabase { public string Name { get { return "sqlserver"; } }
public void Select(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a query sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); }
public void Insert(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a insert sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); }
public void Update(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a update sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); }
public void Delete(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a delete sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); } }
以及
public class OracleDatabase : IDatabase { public string Name { get { return "oracle"; } }
public void Select(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a query sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); }
public void Insert(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a insert sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); }
public void Update(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a update sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); }
public void Delete(string commandText) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a delete sql in {1}!", commandText, Name)); } }
4)接着创建一个数据库管理器DatabaseManager.cs:
public class DatabaseManager { IDatabase _database;
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database) { _database = database; }
public void Search(string commandText) { _database.Select(commandText); }
public void Add(string commandText) { _database.Insert(commandText); }
public void Save(string commandText) { _database.Update(commandText); }
public void Remove(string commandText) { _database.Delete(commandText); }
}
5)在控制台中,编写以下测试程序:
var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(); builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>(); using (var container = builder.Build()) { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FORM USER"); }
运行结果:
分析:
这里通过ContainerBuilder方法RegisterType对DatabaseManager进行注册,当注册的类型在相应得到的容器中可以Resolve你的DatabaseManager实例。
builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();通过AS可以让DatabaseManager类中通过构造函数依赖注入类型相应的接口。
Build()方法生成一个对应的Container实例,这样,就可以通过Resolve解析到注册的类型实例。
同样地,如果你修改数据库类型注册为:
builder.RegisterType<OracleDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
运行结果:
6)显然以上的程序中,SqlDatabase或者OracleDatabase已经暴露于客户程序中了,现在我想将该类型选择通过文件配置进行读取。Autofac自带了一个Autofac.Configuration.dll 非常方便地对类型进行配置,避免了程序的重新编译。
修改App.config:
<configuration> <configSections> <section name="autofac" type="Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler, Autofac.Configuration"/> </configSections> <autofac defaultAssembly="AutofacDemo"> <components> <component type="AutofacDemo.SqlDatabase, AutofacDemo" service="AutofacDemo.IDatabase" /> </components> </autofac> </configuration>
通过Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler配置节点对组件进行处理。
对应的客户端程序改为:
var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(); builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac")); using (var container = builder.Build()) { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FORM USER"); }
运行结果:
7)另外还有一种方式,通过Register方法进行注册:
var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); //builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(); builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac")); builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())); using (var container = builder.Build()) { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>(); manager.Search("SELECT * FORM USER"); }
得到结果也是一样的。
8)现在我想通过一个用户类来控制操作权限,比如增删改的权限,创建一个用户类:
/// <summary> /// Id Identity Interface /// </summary> public interface Identity { int Id { get; set; } }
public class User : Identity { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } }
修改DatabaseManager.cs代码:
public class DatabaseManager { IDatabase _database; User _user;
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database) : this(database, null) { }
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database, User user) { _database = database; _user = user; }
/// <summary> /// Check Authority /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public bool IsAuthority() { bool result = _user != null && _user.Id == 1 && _user.Name == "leepy" ? true : false; if (!result) Console.WriteLine("Not authority!");
return result; }
public void Search(string commandText) { _database.Select(commandText); }
public void Add(string commandText) { if (IsAuthority()) _database.Insert(commandText); }
public void Save(string commandText) { if (IsAuthority()) _database.Update(commandText); }
public void Remove(string commandText) { if (IsAuthority()) _database.Delete(commandText); } }
在构造函数中增加了一个参数User,而Add,Save,Remove增加了权限判断。
修改客户端程序:
User user = new User { Id = 1, Name = "leepy" }; var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac")); builder.RegisterInstance(user).As<User>(); builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>(), c.Resolve<User>()));
using (var container = builder.Build()) { var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Add("INSERT INTO USER ..."); }
运行结果:
分析:
builder.RegisterInstance(user).As<User>();注册User实例。
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>(), c.Resolve<User>()));通过Lampda表达式注册DatabaseManager实例。
如果这里我修改User的属性值:
User user = new User { Id = 2, Name = "zhangsan" };
运行结果:
说明该用户无权限操作。
源代码下载:AutofacDemo.rar