python – MaxRetryError：HTTPConnectionPool：超出最大重试次数(由ProtocolError引起(‘连接中止.’,错误(111,’拒绝连接’)))

2023-08-20 11:05:46

我有一个问题：我想测试“选择”和“输入”.我可以像下面的代码一样编写它：
原始代码：

     12 class Sinaselecttest(unittest.TestCase):
     13 
     14     def setUp(self):
     15         binary = FirefoxBinary('/usr/local/firefox/firefox')
     16         self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)
     17 
     18     def test_select_in_sina(self):
     19         driver = self.driver
     20         driver.get("https://www.sina.com.cn/")
     21         try:
     22             WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(
     23                 ec.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"/html/body/div[9]/div/div[1]/form/div[3]/input"))
     24             )
     25         finally:
     26             driver.quit()
     # #测试select功能
     27         select=Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='slt_01']")).select_by_value("微博")
     28         element=driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[9]/div/div[1]/form/div[3]/input")
     29         element.send_keys("杨幂")
     30         driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[9]/div/div[1]/form/input").click()
     31         driver.implicitly_wait(5)
     32 
     33         
     34

我想测试Selenium“select”函数.所以我选择sina网站选择一个选项并在textarea中输入文本.然后搜索它.但是当我运行这个测试时,它有错误：

 Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "test_sina_select.py", line 32, in tearDown
        self.driver.close()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 688, in close
        self.execute(Command.CLOSE)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 319, in execute
        response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 376, in execute
        return self._request(command_info[0], url, body=data)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 399, in _request
        resp = self._conn.request(method, url, body=body, headers=headers)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/request.py", line 68, in request
        **urlopen_kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/request.py", line 81, in request_encode_url
        return self.urlopen(method, url, **urlopen_kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/poolmanager.py", line 247, in urlopen
        response = conn.urlopen(method, u.request_uri, **kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 617, in urlopen
        release_conn=release_conn, **response_kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 617, in urlopen
        release_conn=release_conn, **response_kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 617, in urlopen
        release_conn=release_conn, **response_kw)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 597, in urlopen
        _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 271, in increment
        raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
    MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=51379): Max retries exceeded with url: /session/2e64d2a1-3c7f-4221-96fe-9d0b1c102195/window (Caused by ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', error(111, 'Connection refused')))

    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Ran 1 test in 72.106s

谁能告诉我为什么？谢谢

解决方法:

此错误消息…

MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=51379): Max retries exceeded with url: /session/2e64d2a1-3c7f-4221-96fe-9d0b1c102195/window (Caused by ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', error(111, 'Connection refused')))

…意味着get()方法失败引发MaxRetryError.

有几件事：

>首先,根据讨论max-retries-exceeded exceptions are confusing,追溯有点误导.请求包装异常以方便用户.原始异常是显示的消息的一部分.
>请求永远不会重试(它为urllib3的HTTPConnectionPool设置retries = 0),因此如果没有MaxRetryError和HTTPConnectionPool关键字,错误会更加规范.所以理想的Traceback应该是：

ConnectionError(<class 'socket.error'>: [Errno 1111] Connection refused)

>但是@ sigmavirus24在他提到的comment中再次提到……包装这些异常会产生一个很好的API但调试经验不佳……
>继续前进计划是尽可能向下遍历到最低级别的异常并使用它.
>最后通过重写一些与实际连接拒绝错误无关的例外来解决这个问题.

解

根据Selenium 3.14.1的发行说明：

* Fix ability to set timeout for urllib3 (#6286)

合并是：repair urllib3 can’t set timeout!

结论

升级到Selenium 3.14.1后,您将能够设置超时并查看规范的回溯并能够采取必要的操作.

参考

码农公寓

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