1.引出SpringJDBC的概念
在学习JDBC编程时我们会感觉到JDBC的操作是多么繁琐,那么当我们学习的Hibernate框架时,我们感觉到数据库的操作也变非常简单,提高了开发效率。但是当使用Hibernate不能满足性能或者灵活性要求必须使用Sql操作时,那么我们只能是纯JDBC来开发,为了解决这一问题,那么Spring也给出了相应的解决方案,我们可以使用Spring JDBC 框架方便简单的完成JDBC操作,只需要声明Sql语句,调用适合的Spring JDBC框架中的APL,来处理结果集。
2.Spring JDBC的组成
SpringJDBC框架的4个组成部分:
3.使用Spring jdbcTemplate实现数据库操作步骤
3.1引入jar包:
3.2搭建架构(dao,entity,service)
entity:
package cn.entity; /** * 学生实体类 * * @author hyj * */ public class Student { // 学生id private Integer id; // 学生姓名 private String name; // 学生年龄 private Integer age; public Student() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public Student(Integer id, String name, Integer age) { super(); this.id = id; this.name = name; this.age = age; } public Student(Integer id, String name) { super(); this.id = id; this.name = name; } public Student(String name, Integer age) { super(); this.name = name; this.age = age; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } }
dao:
package cn.dao; import java.util.List; import cn.entity.Student; public interface StudentDao { /** * 查询全部 * @return */ public List<Student> findAll(); /** * 添加 * @param student */ public void add(Student student); /** * 删除 * @param id */ public void delete(Integer id); /** * 更新 * @param student */ public void update(Student student); /** * 查询总记录数 * @return */ public Integer count(); /** * 调用存储过程实现根据学生id查询学生姓名 * @param id * @return */ public String byIdSelectName(Integer id); /** * 查询所有信息:利用query(String sql,RowMapper rowMapper) * @return */ public List<Student> select(); /** * 根据id查询Student对象 * @return */ public Student byIdStudent(Integer id); }
daoImpl:
package cn.dao.impl; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.sql.CallableStatement; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.CallableStatementCallback; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.CallableStatementCreator; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import cn.dao.StudentDao; import cn.entity.Student; import cn.util.MyRowMapper; public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao { private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; /** * 查询所有的信息 */ @Override public List<Student> findAll() { List<Student> studentsList = new ArrayList<Student>(); // 查询的sql语句 String sql = "select * from student"; // 调用方法获取集合数据 List stuList = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql); // 遍历集合,每一个student代表一个Student实体 Iterator iterator = stuList.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { Map map = (Map) iterator.next(); Student stu = new Student(); stu.setName((String) map.get("name")); stu.setId(((BigDecimal) map.get("id")).intValue()); stu.setAge(((BigDecimal) map.get("age")).intValue()); studentsList.add(stu); } return studentsList; } /** * 添加的方法 */ @Override public void add(Student student) { // 1.提供一个可以添加的sql语句 String sql = "insert into student values(?,?,?)"; // 2.提供参数 Object[] args = new Object[] { student.getId(), student.getName(), student.getAge() }; // 3.调用jdbcTemplate的update方法进行添加操作 jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args); } /** * 删除 */ @Override public void delete(Integer id) { String sql = "delete from student where id=?"; // 该方法返回的值是int类型代表受影响行数 jdbcTemplate.update(sql, id); } /** * 更新的方法 */ @Override public void update(Student student) { String sql = "update student set name=? where id=?"; Object[] args = new Object[] { student.getName(), student.getId() }; jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args); } /** * * 查询总记录数 */ @Override public Integer count() { String sql = "select count(1) from student"; Object count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Object.class); return ((BigDecimal) count).intValue(); } /** * 调用存储过程实现根据学生id查询学生姓名 * * @param id * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public String byIdSelectName(Integer id) { String sql = "select name from student where id=?"; Object[] args = new Object[] { id }; String name = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, args, java.lang.String.class); return name; } /** * 查询所有信息:利用query(String sql,RowMapper rowMapper) * * @return */ @Override public List<Student> select() { String sql = "select * from student"; List<Student> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new MyRowMapper()); return list; } /** * 根据id查询单个对象 */ @Override public Student byIdStudent(Integer id) { String sql = "select * from student where id=?"; Student student = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Student>(Student.class), id); return student; } public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() { return jdbcTemplate; } public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate; } }
service :
package cn.service; import java.util.List; import cn.entity.Student; public interface StudentService { /** * 查询全部 * @return */ public List<Student> findAll(); /** * 添加 * @param student */ public void add(Student student); /** * 删除 * @param id */ public void delete(Integer id); /** * 更新 * @param student */ public void update(Student student); /** * 查询总记录数 * @return */ public Integer count(); /** * 调用存储过程实现根据学生id查询学生姓名 * @param id * @return */ public String byIdSelectName( final Integer id); /** * 查询所有信息:利用query(String sql,RowMapper rowMapper) * @return */ public List<Student> select(); /** * 根据id查询Student对象 * @return */ public Student byIdStudent(Integer id); }
service:
package cn.service; import java.util.List; import cn.entity.Student; public interface StudentService { /** * 查询全部 * @return */ public List<Student> findAll(); /** * 添加 * @param student */ public void add(Student student); /** * 删除 * @param id */ public void delete(Integer id); /** * 更新 * @param student */ public void update(Student student); /** * 查询总记录数 * @return */ public Integer count(); /** * * @param id * @return */ public String byIdSelectName(Integer id); /** * 查询所有信息:利用query(String sql,RowMapper rowMapper) * @return */ public List<Student> select(); /** * 根据id查询Student对象 * @return */ public Student byIdStudent(Integer id); }
serviceImpl
package cn.service.impl; import java.util.List; import cn.dao.StudentDao; import cn.entity.Student; import cn.service.StudentService; public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService { private StudentDao stuDao; @Override public List<Student> findAll() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return stuDao.findAll(); } @Override public void add(Student student) { stuDao.add(student); } @Override public void delete(Integer id) { stuDao.delete(id); } @Override public void update(Student update) { stuDao.update(update); } public StudentDao getStuDao() { return stuDao; } public void setStuDao(StudentDao stuDao) { this.stuDao = stuDao; } @Override public Integer count() { return stuDao.count(); } @Override public String byIdSelectName( Integer id) { return stuDao.byIdSelectName(id); } @Override public List<Student> select() { return stuDao.select(); } @Override public Student byIdStudent(Integer id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return stuDao.byIdStudent(id); } }
util:
package cn.util; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; import cn.entity.Student; public class MyRowMapper implements RowMapper<Student>{ @Override public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException { Student student=new Student(); student.setAge(rs.getInt("age")); student.setId(rs.getInt("id")); student.setName(rs.getString("name")); return student; } }
3.3配置文件:applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- 1.配置普通数据源 --> <!-- <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> 指定jdbc驱动 <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> 连接数据库的url地址 <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Success"></property> 连接数据的用户名和密码 <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> --> <!-- 2.c3p0 数据源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 指定jdbc驱动 --> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <!-- 连接数据库的url地址 --> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Success"></property> <!-- 连接数据的用户名和密码 --> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <!-- 2配置jdbcTemplate --> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 定义dao的实现 --> <bean id="stuDaoimpl" class="cn.dao.impl.StudentDaoImpl"> <!-- 给jdbcTemplate植入引用 --> <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property> </bean> <!-- 定义Service实现 --> <bean id="stuserviceimpl" class="cn.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"> <!-- 给stuDao植入引用 --> <property name="stuDao" ref="stuDaoimpl"></property> </bean> </beans>
3.4测试类
package cn.test; import java.util.List; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import cn.entity.Student; import cn.service.StudentService; public class TestHappy { private StudentService stuService; @Before public void before(){ ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); stuService =(StudentService)context.getBean("stuserviceimpl"); } /** * 测试添加 */ @Test public void add(){ stuService.add(new Student(4,"张三4",21)); System.out.println("add success............."); } /** * 更新方法测试 */ @Test public void update(){ stuService.update(new Student(002,"张三2")); System.out.println("update success........."); } /** * 删除方法测试 */ @Test public void delete(){ stuService.delete(001); System.out.println("delete success........."); } /** *查询方法测试 */ @Test public void findAll(){ List<Student> stuList= stuService.findAll(); for (Student student : stuList) { System.out.println("学生编号:"+student.getId()+"\t学生姓名:"+student.getName()+"\t学生年龄:"+student.getAge()); } } /** * 查询学生总记录数 */ @Test public void count(){ Integer result= stuService.count(); System.out.println("学生总数:"+result); } /** * 调用存储过程实现根据学生id查询学生姓名 * @param id * @return */ @Test public void byIdSelectName(){ String name=stuService.byIdSelectName(2); System.out.println("学生姓名:"+name); } /** * 查询所有信息:利用query(String sql,RowMapper rowMapper) * @return */ @Test public void select(){ List<Student> list=stuService.select(); for (Student item : list) { System.out.println("学生姓名:"+item.getName()); } } /** * 根据id查询查询单个对象 * @return */ @Test public void byIdStudent(){ Student student=stuService.byIdStudent(2); System.out.println(student.getName()); System.out.println(student.getAge()); } }