粘包现象两种
登陆
#服务端
import json
import socket server=socket.socket()#创建socket对象
ip_port=('127.0.0.1',8001)#获取本机回环地址和通信端口号 server.bind(ip_port)#绑定ip地址和端口号
#设置用户名和密码
username='alex'
password='' server.listen()#监听服务端口号
conn,addr=server.accept() while 1:
'''
from_client_msg接受客户端的用户信息
user_info_dict=json.loads(from_client_msg)接受用户信息转换成字典
'''
from_client_msg=conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') user_info_dict=json.loads(from_client_msg)
print(user_info_dict)
if username==user_info_dict['username'] and password ==user_info_dict['password']:
#设定200是登陆成功的状态码
conn.send(b'')
break
else:
# 设定250是登陆失败的状态码
conn.send(b'')
conn.close()
server.close()
#客户端
import json
import socket
client=socket.socket() #创建socket套接字对象
ip_port=('127.0.0.1',8001)#获取ip地址和端口号
client.connect(ip_port)#客户端连接IP地址 while 1:
#让用户输入用户名和密码
uname=input("请输入用户名:").strip()
pwd=input("请输入密码:").strip()
#定义一个字典来存储用户登陆信息
user_info={'username':uname,'password':pwd}
'''
因为send的数据类型必须是bytes类型,所有需要将字典转换为bytes类型,
但是字典无法直接转换成bytes,所以我们使用json序列化,先转换成str
'''
user_info_json=json.dumps(user_info)
user_info_str=user_info_json.encode('utf-8')
# 客户端发送信息
client.send(user_info_str)
#接收到服务端的返回信息
from_server_data=client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
if from_server_data=='':
print('登陆成功')
break
else:
print('用户名或密码错误')
client.close()
一.连续的小包,会被优化机制给合并,代码如下
服务端:
import socket
server=socket.socket()
ip_port=('127.0.0.1',8001)
server.bind(ip_port)
server.listen()
conn,addr=server.accept()
from_client_msg1=conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
from_client_msg2=conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
print('from_client_msg1>>>',from_client_msg1)
客户端:
import socket
client=socket.socket()
ip_port=('127.0.0.1',8001)
client.connect(ip_port)
client.send(b'12')
client.send(b'22')
解决方案
服务端代码如下
import socket
import subprocess
server = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
server.bind(ip_port)
server.listen()
conn,addr = server.accept()
while 1:
from_client_cmd = conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') sub_obj = subprocess.Popen(
from_client_cmd,
shell=True,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
)
#subprocess对象.read 得到的结果是bytes类型的
cmd_res = sub_obj.stdout.read()
data_len = len(cmd_res)
data_len_str = str(data_len)
print('结果长度>>>',data_len) conn.send(data_len_str.encode('utf-8'))
client_stutas = conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
if client_stutas == 'ok': conn.send(cmd_res)
else:
print('客户端长度信息没有收到')
客户端代码如下
import json
import socket client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
client.connect(ip_port) while 1:
client_cmd = input('请输入系统指令>>>')
client.send(client_cmd.encode('utf-8'))
from_server_datalen = client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') client.send(b'ok') from_server_result = client.recv(int(from_server_datalen)) print(from_server_result.decode('gbk'))
二.服务端一次性无法完全就收完客户端发送的数据,第二再次接收的时候,会接收到第一次遗留的内容
服务端
import socket
import subprocess
server = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
server.bind(ip_port)
server.listen()
conn,addr = server.accept()
while 1:
from_client_cmd = conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') sub_obj = subprocess.Popen(
from_client_cmd,
shell=True,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
)
#subprocess对象.read 得到的结果是bytes类型的
cmd_res = sub_obj.stdout.read()
print('结果长度>>>',len(cmd_res))
conn.send(cmd_res)
客户端
import json
import socket client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
client.connect(ip_port) while 1:
client_cmd = input('请输入系统指令>>>')
client.send(client_cmd.encode('utf-8')) from_server_result = client.recv(1024) print(from_server_result.decode('gbk'))
运行代码试试
三,针对数据量大的粘包现象解决方案
服务端代码如下
import socket
import subprocess
server = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
data_full_len = 0 #统计发送数据的长度
server.bind(ip_port)
server.listen()
conn,addr = server.accept()
while 1:
from_client_cmd = conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') sub_obj = subprocess.Popen(
from_client_cmd,
shell=True,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
)
#subprocess对象.read 得到的结果是bytes类型的
cmd_res = sub_obj.stdout.read()
data_len = len(cmd_res) #总数据长度
data_len_str = str(data_len)
print('结果长度>>>',data_len) conn.send(data_len_str.encode('utf-8'))
client_stutas = conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') if client_stutas == 'ok':
#发送真实数据
while data_full_len < data_len:
every_send_data = cmd_res[data_full_len:data_full_len + 1024]
every_send_datalen = len(every_send_data)
conn.send(every_send_data)
data_full_len += 1024 else:
print('客户端长度信息没有收到')
客户端代码如下
import json
import socket client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
client.connect(ip_port)
all_recv_len = 0
all_data_byte = b'' while 1:
client_cmd = input('请输入系统指令>>>')
client.send(client_cmd.encode('utf-8'))
from_server_datalen = client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
all_data_len = int(from_server_datalen) #服务端发送的总数据长度 client.send(b'ok') while all_recv_len < all_data_len: from_server_result = client.recv(1024)
every_recv_len = len(from_server_result) #每次接受的数据长度
all_recv_len += every_recv_len
all_data_byte += from_server_result print(all_data_byte.decode('gbk'))
2是struct模块解决粘包现象
通过struct模块,将要发送的真实数据的长度进行打包,打包成4个字节,和真实数据一起一次性发送个客户端.客户端取出前4个字节,通过struct解包获得后面真实数据的长度,根据这个长度再进行数据的接受
服务端代码如下
import socket
import subprocess
import struct
server = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
data_full_len = 0 #统计发送数据的长度
server.bind(ip_port)
server.listen()
conn,addr = server.accept()
while 1:
from_client_cmd = conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') sub_obj = subprocess.Popen(
from_client_cmd,
shell=True,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
)
#subprocess对象.read 得到的结果是bytes类型的
cmd_res = sub_obj.stdout.read()
data_len = len(cmd_res) #总数据长度
data_len_str = str(data_len)
print('结果长度>>>',data_len) #将真实数据长度打包成4个字节的数据
struct_data_len = struct.pack('i',data_len) conn.send(struct_data_len + cmd_res)
客户端代码如下
import json
import socket
import struct
client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8001)
client.connect(ip_port)
all_recv_len = 0
all_data_byte = b'' while 1:
client_cmd = input('请输入系统指令>>>')
client.send(client_cmd.encode('utf-8'))
#先接收4个字节,这4个字节是真实数据长度加工成的
recv_data_len = client.recv(4)
#将4个字节长度的数据,解包成后面真实数据的长度
real_data_len = struct.unpack('i',recv_data_len)[0] print(real_data_len) server_result = client.recv(real_data_len) print(server_result.decode('gbk'))
四获取缓冲区的方法
import socket
from socket import SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,SO_SNDBUF,SO_RCVBUF
sk = socket.socket(type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
# sk.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,80*1024)
sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8090))
print('>>>>', (sk.getsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF))/1024)
print('>>>>', sk.getsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF))
五.合法性连接验证
服务端代码如下
from socket import *
import hmac,os secret_key=b'Jedan has a big key!'
def conn_auth(conn):
'''
认证客户端链接
:param conn:
:return:
'''
print('开始验证新链接的合法性')
msg=os.urandom(32)#生成一个32字节的随机字符串
conn.sendall(msg)
h=hmac.new(secret_key,msg)
digest=h.digest()
respone=conn.recv(len(digest))
return hmac.compare_digest(respone,digest) def data_handler(conn,bufsize=1024):
if not conn_auth(conn):
print('该链接不合法,关闭')
conn.close()
return
print('链接合法,开始通信')
while True:
data=conn.recv(bufsize)
if not data:break
conn.sendall(data.upper()) def server_handler(ip_port,bufsize,backlog=5):
'''
只处理链接
:param ip_port:
:return:
'''
tcp_socket_server=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_socket_server.bind(ip_port)
tcp_socket_server.listen(backlog)
while True:
conn,addr=tcp_socket_server.accept()
print('新连接[%s:%s]' %(addr[0],addr[1]))
data_handler(conn,bufsize) if __name__ == '__main__':
ip_port=('127.0.0.1',9999)
bufsize=1024
server_handler(ip_port,bufsize)
客户端代码如下
from socket import *
import hmac,os secret_key=b'Jedan has a big key!'
def conn_auth(conn):
'''
验证客户端到服务器的链接
:param conn:
:return:
'''
msg=conn.recv(32)
h=hmac.new(secret_key,msg)
digest=h.digest()
conn.sendall(digest) def client_handler(ip_port,bufsize=1024):
tcp_socket_client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
tcp_socket_client.connect(ip_port) conn_auth(tcp_socket_client) while True:
data=input('>>: ').strip()
if not data:continue
if data == 'quit':break tcp_socket_client.sendall(data.encode('utf-8'))
respone=tcp_socket_client.recv(bufsize)
print(respone.decode('utf-8'))
tcp_socket_client.close() if __name__ == '__main__':
ip_port=('127.0.0.1',9999)
bufsize=1024
client_handler(ip_port,bufsize)