java – Spring：无法从防火墙后面使用RMI连接到JMX Server

2023-08-16 19:59:40

我的Spring应用程序运行在NAT防火墙(pfSense)后面的机器上.机器的内部IP是a.b.c.d,NAT IP是w.x.y.z

Spring配置的serviceUrl在端口1100上设置为我的内部IP(a.b.c.d),当我启动应用程序时,我提供以下开关：

 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=w.x.y.z -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=1099 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.local.only=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false

如上所示,我设置了-Djava.rmi.server.hostname = w.x.y.z,以便通过NAT连接到应用程序.我还打开了机器防火墙上的相关端口,并设置了从w.x.y.z：1100到a.b.c.d：1100的端口.

当我尝试使用w.x.y.z：1100上的jconsole从网络外部连接到应用程序时,我得到一个java.io.IOException：jmxrmi

 java.io.IOException: jmxrmi
at sun.tools.jconsole.ProxyClient.checkSslConfig(ProxyClient.java:236)
at sun.tools.jconsole.ProxyClient.<init>(ProxyClient.java:127)
at sun.tools.jconsole.ProxyClient.getProxyClient(ProxyClient.java:483)
at sun.tools.jconsole.JConsole$3.run(JConsole.java:524)
 Caused by: java.rmi.NotBoundException: jmxrmi
at sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl.lookup(RegistryImpl.java:136)
at sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl_Skel.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.oldDispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:409)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:267)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:177)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:174)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:173)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:556)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:811)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:670)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
at sun.rmi.transport.StreamRemoteCall.exceptionReceivedFromServer(StreamRemoteCall.java:275)
at sun.rmi.transport.StreamRemoteCall.executeCall(StreamRemoteCall.java:252)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastRef.invoke(UnicastRef.java:378)
at sun.rmi.registry.RegistryImpl_Stub.lookup(Unknown Source)
at sun.tools.jconsole.ProxyClient.checkSslConfig(ProxyClient.java:234)

如果我尝试使用w.x.y.z：1099上的jconsole进行连接,则会收到java.rmi.ConnectException(连接被拒绝).如何在NATted防火墙之外公开我的JMX MBean？

 java.rmi.ConnectException: Connection refused to host: w.x.y.z; nested exception is: 
java.net.ConnectException: Operation timed out
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.newSocket(TCPEndpoint.java:619)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPChannel.createConnection(TCPChannel.java:216)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPChannel.newConnection(TCPChannel.java:202)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastRef.invoke(UnicastRef.java:129)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIServerImpl_Stub.newClient(Unknown Source)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnector.getConnection(RMIConnector.java:2373)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnector.connect(RMIConnector.java:297)
at sun.tools.jconsole.ProxyClient.tryConnect(ProxyClient.java:355)
at sun.tools.jconsole.ProxyClient.connect(ProxyClient.java:313)
at sun.tools.jconsole.VMPanel$2.run(VMPanel.java:292)
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Operation timed out
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:339)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:200)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:182)
at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:579)
at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:528)
at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:425)
at java.net.Socket.<init>(Socket.java:208)
at sun.rmi.transport.proxy.RMIDirectSocketFactory.createSocket(RMIDirectSocketFactory.java:40)
at sun.rmi.transport.proxy.RMIMasterSocketFactory.createSocket(RMIMasterSocketFactory.java:147)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.newSocket(TCPEndpoint.java:613)
... 9 more

有趣的是,我可以使用telnet连接到w.x.y.z上的两个端口(1099和1100).

我的Spring配置的相关部分是：

<bean id="registry" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiRegistryFactoryBean">
    <property name="port" value="1100" />
</bean>
<bean id="serverConnector" class="org.springframework.jmx.support.ConnectorServerFactoryBean" depends-on="registry">
    <property name="server" ref="mbeanServer" />
    <property name="objectName" value="connector:name=rmi" />
    <property name="serviceUrl" value="service:jmx:rmi://a.b.c.d:1100/jndi/rmi://a.b.c.d:1100/server" />
    <property name="environment">
        <props>
            <prop key="jmx.remote.jndi.rebind">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="mbeanServer" class="org.springframework.jmx.support.MBeanServerFactoryBean">
    <!-- indicate to first look for a server -->
    <property name="locateExistingServerIfPossible" value="true"/>
</bean>

注意：我没有使用任何servlet容器.

编辑：第一个答案为我提供了解决我的具体问题的基础,这可以在第二个答案中看到.

解决方法:

使用com.sun.management.jmxremote.port定义的初始端口称为注册表端口,仅用于启动协商并确定用于“真实”通信的下一个端口. Java RMI机制使用动态分配的端口,通常与防火墙不兼容.

What port is used by Java RMI connection?

也就是说,对于JMX来说,可以解决它

a)使用系统属性锁定两个端口(需要Java 7)

com.sun.management.jmxremote.port
com.sun.management.jmxremote.rmi.port

b)使用自定义代码请求特定端口.看到
JConsole over ssh local port forwarding

也可以看看：

> Why Java opens 3 ports when JMX is configured?
> http://realjenius.com/2012/11/21/java7-jmx-tunneling-freedom/

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