1. cat命令（tac）
----连接文件，并打印出来（顺序打印）与tac命令类似只不过，tac命令是逆序打印
【语法】
cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
【选项】
-A：显示所有的文件内容
-b：输出非空文件的行号，类似-n
-e：类似-vE
-E：在每一行的末尾加上$符号
-n：输出总行数
-s：suppress repeated empty output lines
-t：类似-vT
-T：显示tab
-v：显示不能打印的字符
--help：显示help文档
--version：显示版本信息
【实例】
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ cat views.py
from django.template import loader,Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
from blog.models import BlogPost # Create your views here.
def archive(request):
posts = BlogPost.objects.all()
t = loader.get_template("archive.html")
c = Context({'posts':posts})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c)) #显示两个文件的内容
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ cat views.py models.py
from django.template import loader,Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
from blog.models import BlogPost # Create your views here.
def archive(request):
posts = BlogPost.objects.all()
t = loader.get_template("archive.html")
c = Context({'posts':posts})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin class BlogPost(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=)
body = models.TextField()
timestamp = models.DateTimeField()
##order method
class Meta:
ordering = ('-timestamp','title') class BlogPostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ('title','timestamp') class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=)
class Book(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=)
genre = models.CharField(max_length=)
num_pg = models.IntegerField()
author = models.ManyToManyField(Author) def __unicode__(self):
return self.title
class SmithBook(Book):
authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author,limit_choices_to={'name+endswith':'Smith'})
admin.site.register(BlogPost,BlogPostAdmin) ##显示非空行的行号
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ cat -b views.py
1 from django.template import loader,Context
2 from django.http import HttpResponse
3 from blog.models import BlogPost 4 # Create your views here.
5 def archive(request):
6 posts = BlogPost.objects.all()
7 t = loader.get_template("archive.html")
8 c = Context({'posts':posts})
9 return HttpResponse(t.render(c)) #显示文件中所有行的行号
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ cat -n views.py
1 from django.template import loader,Context
2 from django.http import HttpResponse
3 from blog.models import BlogPost
4
5 # Create your views here.
6 def archive(request):
7 posts = BlogPost.objects.all()
8 t = loader.get_template("archive.html")
9 c = Context({'posts':posts})
10 return HttpResponse(t.render(c)) #在每行的末尾加上$符号
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ cat -E views.py
from django.template import loader,Context$
from django.http import HttpResponse$
from blog.models import BlogPost$
$
# Create your views here.$
def archive(request):$
posts = BlogPost.objects.all()$
t = loader.get_template("archive.html")$
c = Context({'posts':posts})$
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))$
#使用<符号输出文件内容，使用>符号，向文件中写内容，以ctrl+d结束，保存在文件中。
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/test/file$ cat<a.txt
line1
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/test/file$ cat>b.txt
this is lineb
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/test/file$ cat<b.txt
this is lineb
#如果文件内容太多，不能全部打印在屏幕上，则可使用下面的语句
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/eagle-eye$ cat run_tests.sh | more #使用tac倒序打印文件内容
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/eagle-eye$ tac run_tests.sh | more
2. more命令
----打印文件内容
【语法】
more [-dlfpcsu] [-num] [+/pattern] [+linenum] [file ...]
【选项】（常用）
+num：从某一行开始打印
-num：一页最多显示num行
q:退出查看文件模式（ctrl+c）
【实例】
#一页最多显示5行
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ more - views.py
from django.template import loader,Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
from blog.models import BlogPost # Create your views here.
--更多--(%) #从第5行开始显示
sunny@sunny-ThinkPad-T450:~/PycharmProjects/mysite/blog$ more + views.py
# Create your views here.
def archive(request):
posts = BlogPost.objects.all()
t = loader.get_template("archive.html")
c = Context({'posts':posts})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
3.tail命令
----输出文件的最后部分，默认最后的10行
【语法】
tail [OPTION]... [FILE]...
【选项】
tail filename：显示文件的倒数10行
tail -n filename：显示倒数n行，代替10
tail -f filename： output appended data as the file grows; -f, --follow, and --fol‐
low=descriptor are equivalent
4. head命令（与tail命令类似）
----显示文件的前面的部分，默认是前10行
【语法】
head [OPTION]... [FILE]...
【选项】
head filename：显示文件的前10行
head -n filename：显示前n行，代替10
5. less命令（类似more）
---- 查看文件，与more类似，可以使用pageup,pagedown进行翻页查看