DRY不是只代码重复，而是“知识”的重复，意思是指业务逻辑。例如由于沟通不足，两个程序员用两种不同的方法实现同样功能的校验。 DRY is about the duplication of knowledge, of intent. It’s about expressing the same thing in two different places, possibly in two totally different ways.
实现逻辑重复
重构前
public class UserAuthenticator {
public void authenticate(String username, String password) {
if (!isValidUsername(username)) {
// ...throw InvalidUsernameException...
}
if (!isValidPassword(password)) {
// ...throw InvalidPasswordException...
}
//...省略其他代码...
}
private boolean isValidUsername(String username) {
// check not null, not empty
if (StringUtils.isBlank(username)) {
return false;
}
// check length: 4~64
int length = username.length();
if (length < 4 || length > 64) {
return false;
}
// contains only lowcase characters
if (!StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(username)) {
return false;
}
// contains only a~z,0~9,dot
for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
char c = username.charAt(i);
if (!(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private boolean isValidPassword(String password) {
// check not null, not empty
if (StringUtils.isBlank(password)) {
return false;
}
// check length: 4~64
int length = password.length();
if (length < 4 || length > 64) {
return false;
}
// contains only lowcase characters
if (!StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(password)) {
return false;
}
// contains only a~z,0~9,dot
for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
char c = password.charAt(i);
if (!(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
重构后
public class UserAuthenticatorV2 {
public void authenticate(String userName, String password) {
if (!isValidUsernameOrPassword(userName)) {
// ...throw InvalidUsernameException...
}
if (!isValidUsernameOrPassword(password)) {
// ...throw InvalidPasswordException...
}
}
private boolean isValidUsernameOrPassword(String usernameOrPassword) {
//省略实现逻辑
//跟原来的isValidUsername()或isValidPassword()的实现逻辑一样...
return true;
}
}
如果哪天项目中 IP 地址是否合法的判定规则改变了，比如：255.255.255.255 不再被判定为合法的了，相应地，我们对 isValidIp() 的实现逻辑做了相应的修改，但却忘记了修改 checkIfIpValid() 函数。又或者，我们压根就不知道还存在一个功能相同的 checkIfIpValid() 函数，这样就会导致有些代码仍然使用老的 IP 地址判断逻辑，导致出现一些莫名其妙的 bug。
代码执行重复
public class UserService {
private UserRepo userRepo;//通过依赖注入或者IOC框架注入
public User login(String email, String password) {
boolean existed = userRepo.checkIfUserExisted(email, password);
if (!existed) {
// ... throw AuthenticationFailureException...
}
User user = userRepo.getUserByEmail(email);
return user;
}
}
public class UserRepo {
public boolean checkIfUserExisted(String email, String password) {
if (!EmailValidation.validate(email)) {
// ... throw InvalidEmailException...
}
if (!PasswordValidation.validate(password)) {
// ... throw InvalidPasswordException...
}
//...query db to check if email&password exists...
}
public User getUserByEmail(String email) {
if (!EmailValidation.validate(email)) {
// ... throw InvalidEmailException...
}
//...query db to get user by email...
}
}