最近,对wpf添加快捷键的方式进行了整理。主要用到的三种方式如下:
一、wpf命令:
资源中添加命令
<Window.Resources>
<RoutedUICommand x:Key="ToolCapClick" Text="截屏快捷键" />
</Window.Resources> 输入命令绑定
<Window.InputBindings>
<KeyBinding Gesture="Ctrl+Alt+Q" Command="{StaticResource ToolCapClick}"/>
</Window.InputBindings> 命令执行方法绑定
<Window.CommandBindings>
<CommandBinding Command="{StaticResource ToolCapClick}"
CanExecute="CommandBinding_ToolCapClick_CanExecute"
Executed="CommandBinding_ToolCapClick_Executed"/>
</Window.CommandBindings>
需要注意的是,绑定命令的时候,也可以<KeyBinding Modifiers="Ctrl+Alt" Key="Q" Command="{StaticResource ToolCapClick}"/>,建议用前者,以免造成混乱。
执行方法实现
#region 截屏快捷键
private void CommandBinding_ToolCapClick_CanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
{
e.CanExecute = true;
} private void CommandBinding_ToolCapClick_Executed(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
CaptureImageTool capture = new CaptureImageTool();
capture.CapOverToHandWriting += Capture_CapOverToHandWriting;
capture.CapOverToBlackboard += Capture_CapOverToBlackboard;
string saveName = String.Empty;
if (capture.ShowDialog() == System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK)
{ //保存截取的内容
System.Drawing.Image capImage = capture.Image;
//上课存班级内部,不上课存外部
string strSavePath = DataBusiness.GetCurrentTeachFilePath(SystemConstant.PATH_CAPS);
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(strSavePath))
{
if (!Directory.Exists(strSavePath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(strSavePath);
}
saveName = strSavePath + DateTime.Now.ToString(SystemConstant.FORMAT_CAPS);
}
else
{ saveName = PathExecute.GetPathFile(SystemConstant.PATH_SAVE + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar + SystemConstant.PATH_CAPS, DateTime.Now.ToString(SystemConstant.FORMAT_CAPS));
} capImage.Save(saveName + SystemConstant.EXTENSION_PNG, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
new Exception("capscreen module error:" + ex.Message);
}
}
二、利用windows钩子(hook)函数
第一步 引入到Winows API
1: [DllImport("user32.dll")]
2: public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
3: [DllImport("user32.dll")]
4: public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
这边可以参考两个MSDN的链接
第一个是关于RegisterHotKey函数的,里面有关于id,fsModifiers和vk 的具体说明
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646309%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
第二个是Virtual-Key 的表,即RegisterHotKey的最后一个参数
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd375731%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
第二步 注册全局按键
这里先介绍一个窗体的事件SourceInitialized,这个时间发生在WPF窗体的资源初始化完毕,并且可以通过WindowInteropHelper获得该窗体的句柄用来与Win32交互。
具体可以参考MSDN http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.window.sourceinitialized.aspx
我们通过重载OnSourceInitialized来在SourceInitialized事件发生后获取窗体的句柄,并且注册全局快捷键
private const Int32 MY_HOTKEYID = 0x9999;
protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
IntPtr handle = new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle;
RegisterHotKey(handle, MY_HOTKEYID, 0x0001, 0x72);
}
关于几个常熟的解释
MY_HOTKEYID 是一个自定义的ID,取值范围在0x0000 到 0xBFFF。之后我们会根据这个值来判断事件的处理。
RegisterHotKey的第三或第四个参数可以参考第一步
第三步 添加接收所有窗口消息的事件处理程序
上面只是在系统中注册了快捷键,但是还要获取消息的事件,并筛选消息。
继续在OnSourceInitialized函数中操作
protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnSourceInitialized(e); IntPtr handle = new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle;
RegisterHotKey(handle, MY_HOTKEYID, 0x0001, 0x72); HwndSource source = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this) as HwndSource;
source.AddHook(WndProc);
}
下面来完成WndProc函数
IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handle)
{
//Debug.WriteLine("hwnd:{0},msg:{1},wParam:{2},lParam{3}:,handle:{4}"
// ,hwnd,msg,wParam,lParam,handle);
if(wParam.ToInt32() == MY_HOTKEYID)
{
//全局快捷键要执行的命令
}
return IntPtr.Zero;
}
三、给button控件添加快捷键
<UserControl.Resources>
<RoutedUICommand x:Key="ClickCommand" Text="点击快捷键" />
</UserControl.Resources> <UserControl.CommandBindings>
<CommandBinding Command="{StaticResource ClickCommand}"
Executed="ClickHandler" />
</UserControl.CommandBindings> <UserControl.InputBindings>
<KeyBinding Key="C" Modifiers="Ctrl" Command="{StaticResource ClickCommand}" />
</UserControl.InputBindings> <Grid>
<Button Content="button" Command="{StaticResource ClickCommand}"/>
</Grid>
执行方法:
private void ClickHandler(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
Message.Show("命令执行!");
}