Java 并发 中断线程
@author ixenos
对Runnable.run()方法的三种处置情况
1.在Runnable.run()方法的中间中断它
2.等待该方法到达对cancel标志的测试(用一个if+标志变量)
3.等待该方法到达程序员准备好离开的地方
第一种情况比其他两种难以处置,因为当打断一个被阻塞的任务时,可能需要清理资源。
因此,在任务的run()方法中间打断,就像是抛出的异常,在“catch异常处理”中清理资源(否则不放锁),于是Java也为这种打断使用了异常机制。
可中断阻塞和不可中断阻塞
1.SleepBlock 是可中断的阻塞
2.IOBlocked 和 SynchronizedBlocked 是不可中断的阻塞(I/O和synchronized方法都不需要InterruptedException处理器)
示例:
1 // Interrupting a blocked thread.
2 import java.util.concurrent.*;
3 import java.io.*;
4 import static net.mindview.util.Print.*;
5
6 /*
7 SleepBlock
8
9 */
10 class SleepBlocked implements Runnable {
11 public void run() {
12 try {
13 TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(100);
14 } catch(InterruptedException e) {
15 print("InterruptedException");
16 }
17 print("Exiting SleepBlocked.run()");
18 }
19 }
20
21
22 /*
23 IOBlock
24 */
25 class IOBlocked implements Runnable {
26 private InputStream in;
27 public IOBlocked(InputStream is) { in = is; }
28 public void run() {
29 try {
30 print("Waiting for read():");
31 in.read();
32 } catch(IOException e) {
33 if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
34 print("Interrupted from blocked I/O");
35 } else {
36 throw new RuntimeException(e);
37 }
38 }
39 print("Exiting IOBlocked.run()");
40 }
41 }
42
43
44 /*
45 SynchronizedBlock
46
47 */
48 class SynchronizedBlocked implements Runnable {
49 public synchronized void f() {
50 while(true) // Never releases lock
51 Thread.yield();
52 }
53 public SynchronizedBlocked() {
54 new Thread() {
55 public void run() {
56 f(); // Lock acquired by this thread
57 }
58 }.start();
59 }
60 public void run() {
61 print("Trying to call f()");
62 f();
63 print("Exiting SynchronizedBlocked.run()");
64 }
65 }
66
67
68 public class Interrupting {
69 //用java.util.concurrent.*包中的Executor来统一管理多个线程
70 private static ExecutorService exec =
71 Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
72
73 static void test(Runnable r) throws InterruptedException{
74 /*
75 submit() 启动任务将返回Future<?>,
76 可以调用cancel来调用interrupt方法中断某个特定任务;
77 executor() 启动任务,
78 只能调用shutdownNow()来中断所有任务。
79 */
80 Future<?> f = exec.submit(r);
81 TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
82 print("Interrupting " + r.getClass().getName());
83
84
85 f.cancel(true); // Interrupts if running
86 print("Interrupt sent to " + r.getClass().getName());
87 }
88
89 //main方法
90 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
91 test(new SleepBlocked());
92 test(new IOBlocked(System.in));
93 test(new SynchronizedBlocked());
94 TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
95 print("Aborting with System.exit(0)");
96 System.exit(0); // ... since last 2 interrupts failed
97 }
98 } /* Output: (95% match)
99 Interrupting SleepBlocked
100 InterruptedException
101 Exiting SleepBlocked.run()
102 Interrupt sent to SleepBlocked
103 Waiting for read():
104 Interrupting IOBlocked
105 Interrupt sent to IOBlocked
106 Trying to call f()
107 Interrupting SynchronizedBlocked
108 Interrupt sent to SynchronizedBlocked
109 Aborting with System.exit(0)
110 *///:~
中断线程
1.Thread类包含interrupt()方法,可以终止被阻塞的任务,这个方法将设置线程的中断状态
1)如果一个线程已被阻塞 或 试图执行一个阻塞操作时,调用interrupt设置这个线程的中断状态,将抛出InterruptedException
2)当抛出InterruptedException 或 该任务调用Thread.interrupted()时,中断状态将被复位为 false (但实际已中断~)。
- 可见,使用Thread.interrupted() 既离开run()循环 中断线程,又不抛出InterruptedException
2.中断状态:中断状态是每一个线程都具有的boolean标志,(建议每个线程都应该不时地检查这个标志,以判断线程是否被中断)
1)t.interrupt(): 当对一个线程调用interrupt()方法时,线程的中断状态将被置位
2)Thread.interrupted():