python+ pyqt5 实现最简单的计算器

2023-08-13 17:16:10
问题描述：
用python + pyqt5 实现最简单的计算器
【 1：只能进行 2 个数字的运算；2：除法的第二位数不能是0 】
运行效果：
问题解决：
全部代码如下：【只需要进行打包即可， pyinstaller -F ./calculator.py 】
import sys
import re
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow

class Calculator_Window(QMainWindow):
    def setupUi(self, CalculatorWindow):
        CalculatorWindow.setObjectName("Calculator")
        CalculatorWindow.resize(500, 800)

        # 1: 先打一条显示器
        self.showEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(CalculatorWindow)
        self.showEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 40, 300, 60))

        # 2: 打一个 九宫格 ，并把相应的数字打 [ 先打一个主框，左九宫格，右+-*/， 然后用窗口添加该主框 ]
        self.containerWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(CalculatorWindow)
        self.containerWidget.setObjectName("containerWidget")

        # 3: 1 - 9 数字的布局
        self.gridLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.containerWidget)
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 100, 300, 500))
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setObjectName("gridLayoutWidget")
        self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.gridLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0) # 这里的 setContentsMargins 是左, 上, 右, 下
        self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
        self.btn_nmb_1 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_1.setObjectName("btn_nmb_1")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_1, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_2.setObjectName("btn_nmb_2")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_2, 0, 1, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_3.setObjectName("btn_nmb_3")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_3, 0, 2, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_4.setObjectName("btn_nmb_4")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_4, 1, 0, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_5 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_5.setObjectName("btn_nmb_5")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_5, 1, 1, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_6 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_6.setObjectName("btn_nmb_6")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_6, 1, 2, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_7 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_7.setObjectName("btn_nmb_7")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_7, 2, 0, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_8 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_8.setObjectName("btn_nmb_8")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_8, 2, 1, 1, 1)
        self.btn_nmb_9 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_nmb_9.setObjectName("btn_nmb_9")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.btn_nmb_9, 2, 2, 1, 1)

        # + - * / 的垂直布局
        self.verticalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.containerWidget)
        self.verticalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 100, 70, 450))
        self.verticalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("verticalLayoutWidget")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")

        self.btn_add = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_add.setObjectName("btn_add")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.btn_add)
        self.btn_minus = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_minus.setObjectName("btn_minus")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.btn_minus)
        self.btn_multiply = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_multiply.setObjectName("btn_multiply")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.btn_multiply)
        self.btn_divide = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_divide.setObjectName("btn_divide")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.btn_divide)
        self.btn_equal = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)
        self.btn_equal.setObjectName("btn_equal")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.btn_equal)

        CalculatorWindow.setCentralWidget(self.containerWidget) # 窗口添加该主框

        self.retranslateUi(CalculatorWindow) # 设置文字的的函数
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(CalculatorWindow) # 连接到指定的槽

    def retranslateUi(self, CalculatorWindow): 
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        CalculatorWindow.setWindowTitle("计算器")

        self.showEdit.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", " 1 + 1 = 2"))  # 显示框

        # 1 - 9 按钮上的数字填充
        self.btn_nmb_1.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "1"))
        self.btn_nmb_2.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "2"))
        self.btn_nmb_3.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "3"))
        self.btn_nmb_4.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "4"))
        self.btn_nmb_5.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "5"))
        self.btn_nmb_6.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "6"))
        self.btn_nmb_7.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "7"))
        self.btn_nmb_8.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "8"))
        self.btn_nmb_9.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "9"))

        # + - * / 的字符填充
        self.btn_add.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "+"))
        self.btn_minus.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "-"))
        self.btn_multiply.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "*"))
        self.btn_divide.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "/"))
        self.btn_equal.setText(_translate("CalculatorWindow", "="))

        # 给每个按钮的点击事件，统一处理
        self.btn_nmb_1.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_2.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_3.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_4.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_5.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_6.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_7.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_8.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_nmb_9.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_add.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_minus.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_multiply.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_divide.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)
        self.btn_equal.clicked.connect(self.btnClick)

    showString = ' '
    nmb1 = 0 # 第一个数字
    nmbOprerator = ''
    nmb2 = 0 # 第二个数字
    nmb3 = 0 # 第三个数字
    def btnClick(self): # 统一处理按钮事件； 思路：数字 + 符号 字符串  = 这种格式
        sender = self.sender()
        senderText = sender.text()
        self.valueNmb(str(senderText))

    def valueNmb(self, senderText): # 对按下的按钮进行计算
        if (senderText == "+" or senderText == "-" or senderText == "*" or senderText == "/"):
            self.showString += " " + senderText + " "
            self.nmb1 = re.sub(r'\D', "", self.showString) # 取符号前面的数字为 nmb1
            self.nmbOprerator = senderText
            self.showRes(str(self.nmb1) + " " + self.nmbOprerator + " ")
        elif (senderText == "="):
            self.showString += senderText
            nmb2Index = self.showString.find(self.nmbOprerator) + 1 # +1 是因为把 + - * / 的符号去掉
            self.nmb2 = self.showString[nmb2Index: -1]
            self.nmb3 = self.switchCal(int(self.nmb1), str(self.nmbOprerator), int(self.nmb2))
            self.showRes(str(self.nmb1) + " " + self.nmbOprerator + " " + str(self.nmb2) + " = " + str(self.nmb3))
        else:
            self.showString += senderText
            self.showRes(self.showString)
            

    def switchCal(self, nmb1, nmbOprerator, nmb2): # nmb3 进行计算
        nmb1 = int(nmb1)
        nmb2 = int(nmb2)
        if (nmbOprerator == "+"):
            return nmb1 + nmb2
        elif (nmbOprerator == "-"):
            return nmb1 - nmb2
        elif (nmbOprerator == "*"):
            return nmb1 * nmb2
        elif (nmbOprerator == "/"):
            return nmb1 / nmb2
        else:
            return 0

    def showRes(self, string): # 按钮改变显示的内容
        self.showEdit.setText(string)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    widget = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    window = Calculator_Window()
    window.setupUi(widget)
    widget.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())
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