ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(5):ServicePrvider实现揭秘【补充漏掉的细节】

到目前为止,我们定义的ServiceProvider已经实现了基本的服务提供和回收功能,但是依然漏掉了一些必需的细节特性。这些特性包括如何针对IServiceProvider接口提供一个ServiceProvider对象,何创建ServiceScope,以及如何提供一个服务实例的集合。

一、提供一个ServiceProvider对象

我们知道当将服务类型指定为IServiceProvider接口并调用ServiceProvider的GetService方法是,ServiceProvider对象本身将会作为服务实例返回,这个特性可以利用一个自定义的Service来实现。如下面的代码片段所示,我们定义的这个ServiceProviderService既是一个Service,又是一个ServiceCallSite。它默认采用生命周期管理模式为Scoped,在Invoke和Build方法中,它直接将当前ServiceProvider作为提供的服务实例。在初始化ServiceTable的时候,我们额外添加一个针对ServiceProviderService的ServideEntry。

   1: internal class ServiceProviderService : IService, IServiceCallSite

   2: {

   3:     public ServiceLifetime Lifetime => ServiceLifetime.Scoped;

   4:     public IService Next { get; set; }

   5:  

   6:     public Expression Build(Expression provider)

   7:     {

   8:         return provider;

   9:     }

  10:  

  11:     public IServiceCallSite CreateCallSite(ServiceProvider provider, ISet<Type> callSiteChain)

  12:     {

  13:         return this;

  14:     }

  15:  

  16:     public object Invoke(ServiceProvider provider)

  17:     {

  18:         return provider;

  19:     }

  20: }

  21:  

  22: internal class ServiceTable

  23: {

  24:     public ServiceTable(IServiceCollection services)

  25:     {

  26:         //解析ServiceCollection并添加相应ServiceEntry

  27:         this.ServieEntries[typeof(IServiceProvider)] = new ServiceEntry(new ServiceProviderService());

  28:     }

  29: }

二、创建ServiceScope

创建ServiceScope的目的在于创建作为当前ServiceProvider儿子的另一个ServiceProvider,新创建的ServiceProvider不仅与原来的ServiceProvider具有相同的根,同时共享所有的服务注册信息。利用这个新的ServiceProvider来代替现有的ServiceProvider,其主要的目的还是使我们能够及时地回收提供的服务实例。ServiceScope是通过它的工厂ServiceScopeFactory来创建的,所以先创建了如下一个ServiceScopeFactory类和对应的ServiceScope,它们的定义与我们在前面一节介绍的完全一致。

   1: internal class ServiceScope : IServiceScope

   2: {

   3:     public IServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; private set; }

   4:  

   5:     public ServiceScope(ServiceProvider serviceProvider)

   6:     {

   7:         this.ServiceProvider = serviceProvider;

   8:     }

   9:  

  10:     public void Dispose()

  11:     {

  12:         (this.ServiceProvider as IDisposable)?.Dispose();

  13:     }

  14: }

  15:  

  16: internal class ServiceScopeFactory : IServiceScopeFactory

  17: {

  18:     public ServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; private set; }

  19:  

  20:     public ServiceScopeFactory(ServiceProvider serviceProvider)

  21:     {

  22:         this.ServiceProvider = serviceProvider;

  23:     }

  24:  

  25:     public IServiceScope CreateScope()

  26:     {

  27:         return new ServiceScope(this.ServiceProvider);

  28:     }

  29: }

  30:  

  31: internal class ServiceProvider : IServiceProvider, IDisposable

  32: {

  33:     

  34:     public ServiceProvider(ServiceProvider parent)

  35:     {

  36:         this.Root = parent.Root;

  37:         this.ServiceTable = parent.ServiceTable;

  38:     }

  39: }

为了让ServiceProvider的GetService方法在服务类型指定为IServiceScopeFactory接口的时候能够自动返回上面我们定义的ServiceScopeFactory对象,我们依然和上面一样创建了一个自定义的Service,并将其命名为ServiceScopeFactoryService。与ServiceProviderService一样,ServiceScopeFactoryService同时也是一个ServiceCallSite,在Build和Invoke方法中它会返回一个ServiceScopeFactory对象。为了让这个它能够生效,我们依然在ServiceTable初始化的时自动添加一个相应的ServiceEntry。

   1: internal class ServiceScopeFactoryService : IService, IServiceCallSite

   2: {

   3:     public ServiceLifetime Lifetime=> ServiceLifetime.Scoped;

   4:     public IService Next { get; set; }

   5:  

   6:     public IServiceCallSite CreateCallSite(ServiceProvider provider, ISet<Type> callSiteChain)

   7:     {

   8:         return this;

   9:     }

  10:  

  11:     public Expression Build(Expression provider)

  12:     {

  13:         return Expression.New(typeof(ServiceScopeFactory).GetConstructors().Single(), provider);

  14:     }

  15:  

  16:     public object Invoke(ServiceProvider provider)

  17:     {

  18:         return new ServiceScopeFactory(provider);

  19:     }

  20: }

  21:  

  22: internal class ServiceTable

  23: {

  24:     public ServiceTable(IServiceCollection services)

  25:     {

  26:         //解析ServiceCollection并添加相应ServiceEntry

  27:         this.ServieEntries[typeof(IServiceProvider)] =  new ServiceEntry(new ServiceProviderService());

  28:         this.ServieEntries[typeof(IServiceScopeFactory)] = new ServiceEntry(new ServiceScopeFactoryService());

  29:     }

  30: }

三、提供一组服务的集合

到目前为止,我们自定义的ServiceProvider尚不具备原生ServiceProvider的一项特性,那就是当调用GetService方法时将服务类型指定为IEnumerable<T>或者直接调用扩展方法GetServices时,得到的是一个服务实例的集合。这个特性可以通过一个自定义的ServiceCallSite来完成,我们将其命名为EnumerableCallSite。

   1: internal class EnumerableCallSite : IServiceCallSite

   2: {

   3:     public Type ElementType { get; private set; }

   4:     public IServiceCallSite[] ServiceCallSites { get; private set; }

   5:  

   6:     public EnumerableCallSite(Type elementType, IServiceCallSite[] serviceCallSites)

   7:     {

   8:         this.ElementType = elementType;

   9:         this.ServiceCallSites = serviceCallSites;

  10:     }

  11:  

  12:     public Expression Build(Expression provider)

  13:     {

  14:         return Expression.NewArrayInit(this.ElementType, this.ServiceCallSites.Select(

  15:             it => Expression.Convert(it.Build(provider), this.ElementType)));

  16:     }

  17:  

  18:     public object Invoke(ServiceProvider provider)

  19:     {

  20:         var array = Array.CreateInstance(this.ElementType, this.ServiceCallSites.Length);

  21:         for (var index = 0; index < this.ServiceCallSites.Length; index++)

  22:         {

  23:             array.SetValue(this.ServiceCallSites[index].Invoke(provider), index);

  24:         }

  25:         return array;

  26:     }

  27: }

如上面的代码片段所示,EnumerableCallSite具有两个两个只读属性(ElementType和ServiceCallSites),前者表示返回的服务集合的元素类型,后者则返回一组用于提供集合元素的ServiceCallSite。在Invoke和Build方法中,我们只需要根据元素类型创建一个数组,并利用这组ServiceCallSite创建所有的元素即可。这个EnumerableCallSite最终按照如下的方式应用到ServiceProvider的GetServiceCallSite方法中。

   1: internal class ServiceProvider : IServiceProvider, IDisposable

   2: { 

   3:     public IServiceCallSite GetServiceCallSite(Type serviceType, ISet<Type> callSiteChain)

   4:     {

   5:         try

   6:         {

   7:             if (callSiteChain.Contains(serviceType))

   8:             {

   9:                 throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("A circular dependency was detected for the service of type '{0}'",serviceType.FullName);

  10:             }

  11:             callSiteChain.Add(serviceType);

  12:             ServiceEntry serviceEntry;

  13:             if (this.ServiceTable.ServieEntries.TryGetValue(serviceType, out serviceEntry))

  14:             {

  15:                 return serviceEntry.Last.CreateCallSite(this, callSiteChain);

  16:             }

  17:  

  18:             if (serviceType.IsGenericType && serviceType.GetGenericTypeDefinition()== typeof(IEnumerable<>))

  19:             {

  20:                 Type elementType = serviceType.GetGenericArguments()[0];

  21:                 IServiceCallSite[] serviceCallSites = this.ServiceTable.ServieEntries.TryGetValue(elementType, out serviceEntry)

  22:                     ? serviceEntry.All.Select(it => it.CreateCallSite(this, callSiteChain)).ToArray()

  23:                     : new IServiceCallSite[0];

  24:                 return new EnumerableCallSite(elementType, serviceCallSites);

  25:             }

  26:  

  27:             return null;

  28:         }

  29:         finally

  30:         {

  31:             callSiteChain.Remove(serviceType);

  32:         }

  33:     }

  34:     //其他成员

  35: }

ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(1):控制反转(IoC)
ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(2):依赖注入(DI)
ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(3):服务注册与提取
ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(4):构造函数的选择与生命周期管理
ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(5):ServicePrvider实现揭秘【总体设计】
ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(5):ServicePrvider实现揭秘【解读ServiceCallSite】
ASP.NET Core中的依赖注入(5):ServicePrvider实现揭秘【补充漏掉的细节】

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