ThinkPHP 3.2.3 中手册中数据缓存的地址是：http://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp/1835
静态缓存的地址是：http://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp/1839
数据缓存
使用 S 方法进行数据缓存，缓存文件默认的方式是文件缓存（DATA_CACHE_TYPE = File），文件缓存默认的保存路径是 ./Application/Runtime/Temp
当使用默认的缓存方式时，不需要在配置文件中进行配置，直接在控制器中需要缓存数据的地方调用 S 方法即可：
S(缓存名，缓存值，缓存时间)
例如在 IndexController.class.php（./Application/Home/Controller/IndexController.class.php）要对首页数据进行缓存：
<?php
namespace Home\Controller;
use Think\Controller;
use Admin\Common\Category; class IndexController extends Controller {
//首页
public function index(){ if(!$top_cate = S('index_list')) {
//读取*栏目
$top_cate = M('cate')->where(array('pid'=>0))->order('sort')->select();
$cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select();
$bObj = M('blog');
$field = array('id','title','time'); foreach($top_cate as $key=>$val) {
$cids = Category::get_children_id($cate,$val['id']);
$cids[] = $val['id'];
$where = array('cid'=>array('IN',$cids));
$top_cate[$key]['blog'] = $bObj->field($field)->where($where)->order('time DESC')->select();
} //缓存
S('index_list',$top_cate,3600*24);//1天，默认存储路径是 ./Application/Home/Runtime/Temp
} $this->assign('top_cate',$top_cate);
$this->display();
}
}
此时 ./Application/Runtime/Temp 中生成了 823c3bcf17c6b7276fa8799355c4c7c8.php
<?php
//000000086400a:7:{i:0;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:4:"name";s:4:"HTML";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"1";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:1;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:4:"name";s:10:"JavaScript";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"3";s:4:"blog";a:1:{i:0;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:5:"title";s:2:"js";s:4:"time";s:10:"1455438771";}}}i:2;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:4:"name";s:3:"PHP";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"4";s:4:"blog";a:3:{i:0;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:5:"title";s:20:"thinkphp关联模型";s:4:"time";s:10:"1456541875";}i:1;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:5:"title";s:15:"无限极分类";s:4:"time";s:10:"1456541682";}i:2;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:5:"title";s:6:"对象";s:4:"time";s:10:"1455438885";}}}i:3;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:4:"name";s:7:"DIV+CSS";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"5";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:4;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"5";s:4:"name";s:5:"MySQL";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"5";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:5;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"6";s:4:"name";s:5:"Linux";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"6";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:6;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"8";s:4:"name";s:6:"其他";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"7";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}}
?>
如果要改变缓存方式，例如不再把缓存存入文件，而是存入 Memcached 中，该项目中 PHP 的 Memcached 扩展是 Memcached：
此时可以通过修改配置文件 ./Applicaiton/Home/Common/Conf/conf.php，添加：
'DATA_CACHE_TYPE'=>'Memcached',
'PERSISTENTID' => 'mlm_cache',//持久链接标示
'MEMCACHED_HOST' => '127.0.0.1', //可数组形式
'MEMCACHED_PORT' => '11211',//可数组形式
'MEMECACHED_WEIGHT' => 0,//权重
注：Memcached 的驱动可以在 http://www.thinkphp.cn/extend/559.html 进行下载并放到 ./ThinkPHP/Library/Think/Cache/Driver/Memcached.class.php：
<?php
namespace Think\Cache\Driver;
use Think\Cache;
defined('THINK_PATH') or exit();
/**
* Memcache缓存驱动
*/
Class Memcached extends Cache {
public function __construct($options = array()) {
if (!extension_loaded('memcached')) {
throw_exception(L('_NOT_SUPPERT_') . ':memcached');
}
$servers = array();
$persistent_id = C('PERSISTENTID') ? C('PERSISTENTID') : null;
$this->options = $options;
$this->options['expire'] = isset($options['expire']) ? $options['expire'] : C('DATA_CACHE_TIME');
$this->options['prefix'] = isset($options['prefix']) ? $options['prefix'] : C('DATA_CACHE_PREFIX');
$host = C('MEMCACHED_HOST') ? C('MEMCACHED_HOST') : '127.0.0.1';
$port = C('MEMCACHED_PORT') ? C('MEMCACHED_PORT') : 11211;
$weight = C('MEMECACHED_WEIGHT') ? C('MEMECACHED_WEIGHT') : 1;
$weight_is_arr = is_array($weight);
if (is_array($host)) {
if (!is_array($port)) {
throw_exception('Memcached服务器IP和端口号要一一对应');
}
if ($weight_is_arr && count($weight) != count($host)) {
throw_exception('Memcached服务器IP和权重值要一一对应');
}
foreach ($host as $key => $value) {
$servers[] = array($value, $port[$key], $weight_is_arr ? $weight[$key] : $weight);
}
} else {
if (is_array($port)) {
foreach ($port as $key => $value) {
$servers[] = array($host, $value, $weight_is_arr ? $weight[$key] : $weight);
}
} else {
$servers[] = array($host, $port, $weight_is_arr ? $weight[0] : $weight);
}
}
$this->handler = new \Memcached($persistent_id);
$this->handler->addServers($servers);
// $serverList = $this->handler->getServerList();
// var_dump($serverList);
// var_dump($this->handler->getStats());
// var_dump($this->handler->getOption());
// var_dump($this->handler->getVersion());
// p($serverList);
}
/**
* 读取缓存
* @access public
* @param string $name 缓存变量名
* @return mixed
*/
public function get($name) {
N('cache_read', 1);
return $this->handler->get($this->options['prefix'] . $name);
}
/**
* 读取多个元素值
* @param array $keys [要读取的元素key数组]
* @return [boolean] [返回值]
*/
public function getMulti($keys = array()) {
if (empty($keys))
return '';
N('cache_read', 1);
return $this->handler->getMulti($keys);
}
/**
* 写入缓存
* @access public
* @param string $name 缓存变量名
* @param mixed $value 存储数据
* @param integer $expire 有效时间（秒）
* @return boolen
*/
public function set($name, $value, $expire = 0) {
N('cache_write', 1);
if (is_null($expire)) {
$expire = $this->options['expire'];
}
$name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name;
if ($this->handler->set($name, $value, $expire)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 写入多个元素
* @param [array] $items [要写入的健/值元素数组]
* @param [int] $expire [有效时间(秒)]
*/
public function setMulti($items, $expire = 0) {
N('cache_write', 1);
if (is_null($expire)) {
$expire = $this->options['expire'];
}
$name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name;
if ($this->handler->setMulti($items, $expire)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 添加一个元素，如果这个元素已经存在，则失败
* @param [string] $key [要添加元素的key]
* @param [string] $value [要添加元素的值]
* @param integer $expire [有效时间]
* @return boolean
*/
public function add($key, $value, $expire = 0) {
N('cache_write', 1);
return $this->handler->add($key, $value, $expire);
}
/**
* 替换已存在key下的元素,如果不存在此key则失败
* @param [string] $key [要替换的key]
* @param [string] $value [要替换的值]
* @param integer $expire [有效时间]
* @return [boolean]
*/
public function replace($key, $value, $expire = 0) {
N('cache_write', 1);
return $this->handler->replace($key, $value, $expire);
}
/**
* 删除缓存
* @access public
* @param string $name 缓存变量名
* @return boolen
*/
public function rm($name) {
$name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name;
return $this->handler->delete($name);
}
/**
* 清除缓存
* @access public
* @return boolen
*/
public function clear() {
return $this->handler->flush();
}
}
Memcached.class.php
同时 ./Application/Home/Controller/IndexController.class.php 修改为：
<?php
namespace Home\Controller;
use Think\Controller;
use Admin\Common\Category;
use Think\Cache\Driver\Memcached; class IndexController extends Controller {
//首页
public function index(){ if(!$top_cate = S('index_list')) { //读取*栏目
$top_cate = M('cate')->where(array('pid'=>0))->order('sort')->select();
$cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select();
$bObj = M('blog');
$field = array('id','title','time'); foreach($top_cate as $key=>$val) {
$cids = Category::get_children_id($cate,$val['id']);
$cids[] = $val['id'];
$where = array('cid'=>array('IN',$cids));
$top_cate[$key]['blog'] = $bObj->field($field)->where($where)->order('time DESC')->select();
} //缓存
S('index_list',$top_cate,3600*24);//1天，默认存储路径是 ./Application/Home/Runtime/Temp
} $this->assign('top_cate',$top_cate);
$this->display();
}
}
在服务器端开启 Memcached，刷新首页，此时 Runtime/Tmp 下不会再生成缓存文件；
通过 Telnet 客户端查看 Memcached 服务器中存储的缓存：
stats items
STAT items:12:number 1
STAT items:12:age 216
STAT items:12:evicted 0
STAT items:12:evicted_nonzero 0
STAT items:12:evicted_time 0
STAT items:12:outofmemory 0
STAT items:12:tailrepairs 0
STAT items:12:reclaimed 0
STAT items:12:expired_unfetched 0
STAT items:12:evicted_unfetched 0
STAT items:12:crawler_reclaimed 0
STAT items:12:crawler_items_checked 0
STAT items:12:lrutail_reflocked 0
END
stats cachedump 12 0
ITEM index_list [898 b; 1456615330 s]
END
（Memcache 查看列出所有key方法：http://www.ttlsa.com/memcache/memcache-list-all-keys/）
首页在 Memcached 中的缓存为 index_list。
静态缓存
静态缓存就类似于一些 CMS 中直接把页面静态化，在静态文件的生存周期内直接访问静态的 HTML 文件
Home 模块的静态缓存需要在配置文件 ./Application/Home/Common/Conf/config.php 中添加配置：
//开启静态缓存
'HTML_CACHE_ON'=>true,
'HTML_CACHE_RULES'=>array( //给Show控制器的index方法生成缓存,默认的保存位置是 ./Application/Html
'show:index'=>array('{:module}_{:action}_{id}',10) //参数：缓存文件的名称,缓存生存周期(0代表永不过期)
),
以上配置表示缓存 show 控制器的 index 方法，保存的文件名是 show_index_{id}，id 表示 $_GET['id']，也就是说（show 控制器的 index 方法用于查看文章内容页，通过 URL 传递的参数 id 来访问相应 id 的文章）访问 id 为 4 的文章时会生成 show_index_4.html 文件，默认保存在 ./Applicaiton/Html 中
控制器 ./Application/Home/Controller/ShowController.class.php：
<?php
namespace Home\Controller;
use Think\Controller;
use Admin\Common\Category; class ShowController extends Controller{
//展示页
public function index() { $id = (int)$_GET['id'];
$where = array('id'=>$id,'del'=>0);
$field = array('id','title','content','time','cid');
$blog = M('blog')->field($field)->where($where)->find(); //实体转换成字符
$blog['content'] = htmlspecialchars_decode(html_entity_decode($blog['content']));
$this->blog = $blog; //面包屑，通过子分类查询所有父分类信息
$cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select();
$this->parent = Category::get_parents($cate, $blog['cid']); $this->display();
} //点击次数不缓存
public function inc_click() {
$id = (int)$_GET['id'];
$where = array('id'=>$id);
//click自增1
M('blog')->where($where)->setInc('click');//默认自增1
$click = M('blog')->where($where)->getField('click');
echo 'document.write('.$click.')';
}
}
如果在该页面中有不需要缓存的内容，例如文章的点击次数，每进行一次访问，次数加 1，可以通过 js 的形式来访问相应的点击方法，例如视图文件 ./Application/Home/View/Show/index.html：
<include file='Common:header'/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="__PUBLIC__/Css/show.css" />
<!--引入ueditor代码高亮插件-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="__ROOT__/Data/ueditor/third-party/SyntaxHighlighter/shCoreDefault.css">
<script src="__ROOT__/Data/ueditor/third-party/SyntaxHighlighter/shCore.js"></script>
<!--引入插件结束-->
<!--使用ueditor代码高亮插件-->
<script>
SyntaxHighlighter.all();
</script>
<!--使用ueditor代码高亮插件结束-->
</head>
<body>
<!--头部-->
<include file='Common:nav'/>
<!--主体-->
<div class='main'>
<div class='main-left'>
<div class='location'>
<a href="">首页</a>>
<?php $last = count($parent) - 1;?>
<foreach name="parent" item="v">
<a href="{:U('/c_'.$v['id'])}">{$v.name}</a>
<if condition="$last neq $key">></if>
</foreach>
</div>
<div class="title">
<p>{$blog.title}</p>
<div>
<span class='fl'>发布于：{$blog.time|date="Y年m月d日",###}</span>
<span class='fr'>已被阅读<script src="{:U('Home/Show/inc_click',array('id'=>$blog['id']),'')}"></script>次</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class='content' style="word-break: break-all;">
{$blog.content}
</div>
</div>
<!--主体右侧-->
<include file='Common:right'/>
</div>
<!--底部-->
<include file='Common:bottom'/>