建造者模式可以将部件本身和它们的组装过程分开，关注如何一步步创建一个包含多个组成部分的复杂对象，用户只需要指定复杂对象的类型即可得到该对象，而无须知道其内部的具体构造细节。
建造者模式：将一个复杂对象的构建与它的表示分离，使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。
建造者模式的定义：
将客户端与包含多个部件的复杂对象的创建过程分离，客户端无须知道复杂对象的内部组成部分与装配方式，只需要知道所需建造者的类型即可;
关注如何逐步创建一个复杂的对象，不同的建造者定义了不同的创建过程；
建造者模式的结构:
建造者模式包含以下4个角色：
Builder（抽象建造者）
ConcreteBuilder（具体建造者）
Product（产品）
Director（指挥者）
例子：
/// <summary>
/// 抽象建造者
/// </summary>
public abstract class Builder
{
public abstract void BuilderPartA();
public abstract void BuilderPartB();
public abstract void BuilderPartC(); /// <summary>
/// //创建产品对象
/// </summary>
protected Product product = new Product();
/// <summary>
/// 返回产品对象
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Product GetResult()
{
return product;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 产品类
/// </summary>
public class Product
{
//生产的产品
public string PartA { get; set; }
public string PartB { get; set; }
public string PartC { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 具体建造者
/// </summary>
public class ConcreteBuilder:Builder
{
/// <summary>
/// 产品A
/// </summary>
public override void BuilderPartA()
{
product.PartA = "A1";
Console.WriteLine("生产了A1产品");
}
/// <summary>
/// 产品B
/// </summary>
public override void BuilderPartB()
{
product.PartB = "B1";
Console.WriteLine("生产了B1产品");
}
/// <summary>
/// 产品C
/// </summary>
public override void BuilderPartC()
{
product.PartC = "C1";
Console.WriteLine("生产了C1产品");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 指挥者
/// </summary>
public class Director
{
private Builder _builder;
public Director(Builder builder)
{
this._builder = builder;
}
public void SetBuilder(Builder builder)
{
this._builder = builder;
}
/// <summary>
/// 产品构建与组装方法
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Product Construct()
{
_builder.BuilderPartA();
_builder.BuilderPartB();
_builder.BuilderPartC();
return _builder.GetResult();
}
}
//客户端调用
Builder builder = new ConcreteBuilder();
Director director = new Director(builder);
Product product = director.Construct();
游戏不同角色案例：
/// <summary>
/// 游戏角色建造者，充当抽象建造者
/// </summary>
public abstract class ActorBuilder
{
public abstract void BuildType();
public abstract void BuildSex();
public abstract void BuildFace();
public abstract void BuildCostume();
public abstract void BuildHairstyle(); protected Actor actor = new Actor();
/// <summary>
/// 工厂方法，返回一个完整的游戏角色对象
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Actor CreateActor()
{
return actor;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 游戏角色类，充当复杂产品对象
/// </summary>
public class Actor
{
/// <summary>
/// 角色类型
/// </summary>
public string Type { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 性别
/// </summary>
public string Sex { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 面容
/// </summary>
public string Face { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 服装
/// </summary>
public string Costume { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 发型
/// </summary>
public string Hairstyle { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 英雄角色建造者，充当具体建造者
/// </summary>
public class Hero : ActorBuilder
{
public override void BuildType()
{
actor.Type = "英雄";
} public override void BuildSex()
{
actor.Sex = "男";
} public override void BuildFace()
{
actor.Face = "英俊";
} public override void BuildCostume()
{
actor.Costume = "盔甲";
} public override void BuildHairstyle()
{
actor.Hairstyle = "飘逸";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 天使角色建造者，充当具体建造者
/// </summary>
public class Angel : ActorBuilder
{
public override void BuildType()
{
actor.Type = "天使";
} public override void BuildSex()
{
actor.Sex = "女";
} public override void BuildFace()
{
actor.Face = "漂亮";
} public override void BuildCostume()
{
actor.Costume = "白裙";
} public override void BuildHairstyle()
{
actor.Hairstyle = "披肩长发";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 角色控制器，充当指挥者
/// </summary>
public class ActorController
{
/// <summary>
/// 逐步构建复杂产品对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ab"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Actor Construct(ActorBuilder ab)
{
ab.BuildType();
ab.BuildSex();
ab.BuildFace();
ab.BuildCostume();
ab.BuildHairstyle();
Actor actor = ab.CreateActor();
return actor;
}
}
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
</startup>
<appSettings>
<add key="builder" value="ConsoleApplication1.Angel"/>
</appSettings>
</configuration>
客户端调用：
//通过读取配置文件创建对象
string builderType = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["builder"];
ActorBuilder _actor = (ActorBuilder)Assembly.Load("ConsoleApplication1").CreateInstance(builderType);
//直接创建对象
//ActorBuilder _actor = new Angel();// new Hero();
ActorController actorController = new ActorController();
//生产后返回对象实体
Actor actor = actorController.Construct(_actor);
Console.WriteLine(actor.Type);
Console.WriteLine(actor.Sex);
Console.WriteLine(actor.Face);
Console.WriteLine(actor.Costume);
Console.WriteLine(actor.Hairstyle);
Console.ReadKey();