使用springMVC实现文件上传和下载之环境配置与上传

2021-08-23 23:28:03

最近的项目中用到了文件的上传和下载功能，任务分配给了其他的同时完成。如今项目结束告一段落，我觉着这个功能比较重要，因此特意把它提取出来自己进行了尝试。

一、基础配置：

maven导包及配置pom.xml，导包时除开springmvc的基础依赖外，需要导入文件上传下载时用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar：

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">  
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
  <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId>  
  <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId>  
  <packaging>war</packaging>  
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
  <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name>  
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  
   <build>  
    <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName>  
     <plugins>    
            <!-- 以下配置可以保证每次强制更新时jre版本不会变化，那我的eclipse4.4.1，maven3.2.5为例，如果不设置这个，每次强制更新时jre就会变回1.5 -->    
            <plugin>    
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>    
                <version>2.3.2</version>    
                <configuration>    
                    <source>1.7</source>    
                    <target>1.7</target>    
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>    
                    <compilerArguments>    
                        <verbose />    
                        <bootclasspath>${java.home}\lib\rt.jar</bootclasspath>    
                    </compilerArguments>    
                </configuration>    
            </plugin>    
        </plugins>    
  </build>  
  <dependencies>  
    <dependency>  
      <groupId>junit</groupId>  
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
      <version>3.8.1</version>  
      <scope>test</scope>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
        <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>  
        <version>2.2.3</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>  
        <version>2.2.3</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>  
        <version>2.2.3</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>  
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>  
        <version>1.3.1</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>  
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>  
        <version>2.4</version>  
    </dependency>  
  </dependencies>  
</project>  

web.xml基础配置：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">      
    <filter>  
        <description>字符集过滤器</description>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <description>字符集编码</description>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
    <servlet>    
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>    
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    
        <init-param>    
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    
            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>    
        </init-param>      
    </servlet>    
    <servlet-mapping>    
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>    
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>    
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>  
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>  
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>  
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>    
</web-app>    

spring基础配置spring.xml:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"      
    xsi:schemaLocation="    
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">    
  
  
    <context:annotation-config />    
    <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" />    
      
    <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->  
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"  
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">  
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">  
            <list>  
                <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
  
    <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->  
    <bean  
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  
        <property name="messageConverters">  
            <list>  
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json转换器 -->  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- 支持上传文件 -->  
    <bean id="multipartResolver"  
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" >  
        <!-- 100M -->  
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property>      
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>     
    </bean>  
</beans>    

二、文件上传的代码

上传的简单页面index.html,要注意form表单提交时的entype的设置：

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<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html>  
<head>  
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />  
</head>  
<body>  
   <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">  
                 选择文件：<input type="file" name="file"/>  
                 <input type="submit" value="提交"/>  
   </form>  
</body>  
</html>  

上传对应的后台java代码，具体问题见注释：

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package controllers;  
  
  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.Iterator;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;  
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;  
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;  
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;  
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;  
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;  
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;  
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;  
  
  
@Controller  
public class fileController {  
  
  
    /** 
     * 文件上传 
     *  
     * @author：tuzongxun 
     * @Title: upLoadFile 
     * @param @param file 
     * @param @param request 
     * @param @throws IllegalStateException 
     * @param @throws IOException 
     * @return void 
     * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM 
     * @throws 
     */  
    @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
    public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request)  
            throws IllegalStateException, IOException {  
        // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,  
        CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(  
                request.getSession().getServletContext());  
        // 判断 request 是否有文件上传,即多部分请求  
        if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {  
            // 转换成多部分request  
            MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;  
            // 取得request中的所有文件名  
            Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames();  
            while (iter.hasNext()) {  
                // 取得上传文件  
                MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next());  
                if (f != null) {  
                    // 取得当前上传文件的文件名称  
                    String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename();  
                    // 如果名称不为“”,说明该文件存在，否则说明该文件不存在  
                    if (myFileName.trim() != "") {  
                        // 定义上传路径  
                        String path = "C:\\Users\\tuzongxun123\\Desktop\\"  
                                + myFileName;  
                        File localFile = new File(path);  
                        f.transferTo(localFile);  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}  

页面效果图如下，当选择文件提交后，便会看到选中的文件被传到了代码中指定的位置，这里是我的桌面上。

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