JTable单元格放自定义控件（一）-如何在JTable的单元格放JPanel

2023-08-10 13:08:34

原文链接：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7f1c8c710101hdpf.html

最近自己尝试着模仿着实现一款非常有名的进销库存管理系统（智慧记）里面的一个功能。功能如下下图所示。

JTable tableA的第一列（品名规格）放的是自定义JPanel控件，JPanel上面放的是JTextfield和JButton,点击每一行第一列的JButton会弹出弹出一个JDialog，选择JDialog上面表格tableB的多行数据，插入到表格tableA里去。

1、一开始的表格tableA如下

2、点击JButton后界面如下

3、选中tableB的多行数据

4、点击确定的时候一次性插入选中的数据到tableA中

这个问题我首先查了jdk文档，发现API里并没有提供一种方法可以直接实现这个操作，于是上网查了很长时间资料，最后终于解决了这个问题，下面我详细的谈谈我实现这个功能的过程，并提供我实现这个功能的可以直接运行的源代码。

要解决这个问题，要先弄清楚TableModel、TableCellRenderer、TableCellEditor接口的作用，

TableModel为JTable提供显示的数据、维数、表格中的数据类型、显示的列标题以及单元格·是否允许被编辑用的。TableCellRenderer（单元格渲染器）接口，就是用来绘制展示当前cell单元数值内容的，你可以用文字、数值或者图片来表示内容，我们现在要绘制的就是一个带有一个JButton和一个JTextField的JPanel。就是上图tableA里的那个第一列的自定义控件。TableCellEditor（单元格编辑器）接口，主要是用来当用户点击在具体cell时进行编辑的组件，所以TableCellEditor除了具有TableCellRenderer一样的绘制功能外还可以进行交互动作，例如在cell上出现下拉框、勾选框甚至通过按钮弹出更复杂的对话框让用户进行输入编辑。我们现在就是要通过这个接口，实现给单元格里的JButton添加事件，从而使其能够弹出上图那个JDialog。

实现这个功能我用了3个类。大家先运行下下面的代码，然后在代码后面，我尝试着讲解了是如何一步步得到最后这段可以运行的代码的。

JTableTestCellEdit完整的代码如下：

package specialtable;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.EventObject;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.event.CellEditorListener;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.EventListenerList;
import javax.swing.table.TableCellEditor;

public class JTableTestCellEdit extends JPanel implements TableCellEditor,ActionListener{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5860619160549087886L;
//EventListenerList:保存EventListener 列表的类。
private EventListenerList listenerList = new EventListenerList();
//ChangeEvent用于通知感兴趣的参与者事件源中的状态已发生更改。
private ChangeEvent changeEvent = new ChangeEvent(this);

JButton edit_btn;
JTextField edit_txf;
JTableTest jTableTest;

public JTableTestCellEdit(){
  super();
  setLayout(new BorderLayout());
  edit_btn = new JButton("...");
  edit_txf = new JTextField();
  add(edit_txf);
  add(edit_btn,BorderLayout.EAST);
  edit_btn.setBackground(Color.white);
  edit_btn.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(20,getHeight()));
  edit_btn.addActionListener(this);
}

JTableTestCellEdit(JTableTest jTableTest){
  this();
  this.jTableTest = jTableTest;
}

public void addCellEditorListener(CellEditorListener l) {
  listenerList.add(CellEditorListener.class,l);
}
public void removeCellEditorListener(CellEditorListener l) {
  listenerList.remove(CellEditorListener.class,l);
}
private void fireEditingStopped(){
  CellEditorListener listener;
  Object[]listeners = listenerList.getListenerList();
  for(int i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++){
   if(listeners[i]== CellEditorListener.class){
    //之所以是i+1，是因为一个为CellEditorListener.class（Class对象），
    //接着的是一个CellEditorListener的实例
    listener= (CellEditorListener)listeners[i+1];
    //让changeEvent去通知编辑器已经结束编辑
    //          //在editingStopped方法中，JTable调用getCellEditorValue()取回单元格的值，
    //并且把这个值传递给TableValues(TableModel)的setValueAt()
    listener.editingStopped(changeEvent);
   }
  }
}
public void cancelCellEditing() {
}

public boolean stopCellEditing() {
  //可以注释掉下面的fireEditingStopped();，然后在GenderEditor的构造函数中把
  //addActionListener()的注释去掉（这时请求终止编辑操作从JComboBox获得），
  System.out.println("编辑其中一个单元格，再点击另一个单元格时，调用。");
  fireEditingStopped();//请求终止编辑操作从JTable获得
  return true;
}

public Component getTableCellEditorComponent(JTable table, Object value,
   boolean isSelected, int row, int column) {
  if(value != null)
   edit_txf.setText(value.toString());
  return this;
}

public boolean isCellEditable(EventObject anEvent) {
  return true;
}

public boolean shouldSelectCell(EventObject anEvent) {
  return true;
}

public Object getCellEditorValue() {
return edit_txf.getText();
}

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
Point p = edit_btn.getLocation();
new JTableTestDialog(100,180,this,jTableTest).setVisible(true);
}
}

JTableTest 类的完整代码如下：

package specialtable;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableColumnModel;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
import javax.swing.table.TableColumn;
import javax.swing.table.TableColumnModel;

public class JTableTest extends JFrame{
String[] columnNames = {"名称及规格","零数","件数","数量","单位","件价","单价","金额","备注"};
JTable tableA;
public Object[][] values = {
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""}
};
DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(values,columnNames);

public JTableTest(){
  setBounds(100,100,800,400);
  tableA = new JTable(model);
  tableA.setRowHeight(30);
  JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(tableA);
  DefaultTableColumnModel dcm = (DefaultTableColumnModel)tableA.getColumnModel();
        dcm.getColumn(0).setPreferredWidth(200);

        //调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellRenderer接口JTableTestRenderer
        TableColumnModel tcm= tableA.getColumnModel();
  TableColumn tc = tcm.getColumn(0);
  tc.setCellRenderer(new JTableTestRenderer());

  //调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellEditor接口JTableTestCellEditor
  tc.setCellEditor(new JTableTestCellEdit(this));

  add(scrollPane);
  setVisible(true);
}

public static void main(String[] args){
  new JTableTest();
}

public void getTable(DefaultTableModel model){
  tableA.setModel(model);
  TableColumnModel tcm= tableA.getColumnModel();
  TableColumn tc = tcm.getColumn(0);
  tc.setCellRenderer(new JTableTestRenderer());
  tc.setCellEditor(new JTableTestCellEdit(this));
  tableA.setColumnSelectionAllowed(false);
  tableA.setRowSelectionAllowed(false);
  tcm.getColumn(0).setPreferredWidth(200);
  tableA.repaint();
}
}

JTableTestDialog类的完整代码如下：

package specialtable;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Vector;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JInternalFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableColumnModel;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;

public class JTableTestDialog extends JDialog implements ActionListener{
String[] colunmNames = {"厂商","名称及规格","零数","件数"};
public Object[][] values = {
   {"京东","电器","12","13"},
   {"淘宝","电脑","15","16"},
   {"当当","书籍","13","26"},
   {"拍拍","qq","15","96"},
   {"亚马逊","书","12","18"}
};
DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(values,colunmNames);
JTable tableB;
JScrollPane scrollPane;
JLabel tip_lbl =new JLabel("按ctrl或shift可多选货品");
JButton ok = new JButton("确定");
JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();
JTableTestCellEdit jTableTestCellEdit;
JTableTest jTableTest;

public JTableTestDialog(int x,int y){
  setBounds(x,y,400,300);
  tableB = new JTable(model);
  scrollPane = new JScrollPane(tableB);
  scrollPane.setSize(400, 280);
  southPanel.add(tip_lbl,BorderLayout.WEST);
  southPanel.add(ok,BorderLayout.EAST);
  ok.addActionListener(this);
  add(scrollPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);
  add(southPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
}

public JTableTestDialog(int x,int y,JTableTestCellEdit jTableTestCellEdit,JTableTest jTableTest){
  this(x,y);
  this.jTableTestCellEdit = jTableTestCellEdit;
  this.jTableTest = jTableTest;
}

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
  if(jTableTestCellEdit != null && jTableTest != null){
   String[] columnNames = {"名称及规格","零数","件数","数量","单位","件价","单价","金额","备注"};
   DefaultTableModel model2 = new DefaultTableModel(columnNames,0);
   int[] rows = tableB.getSelectedRows();
   for(int i = 0; i < rows.length; i++){
    Vector v = new Vector();
    v.add(tableB.getValueAt(rows[i], 0));
    v.add(tableB.getValueAt(rows[i], 1));
    v.add(tableB.getValueAt(rows[i], 2));
    v.add(tableB.getValueAt(rows[i], 3));
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    model2.addRow(v);
   }
   for(int i = 0; i < 5;i++){
    Vector v = new Vector();
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    v.add("");
    model2.addRow(v);
   }
   jTableTest.getTable(model2);
   dispose();
  }
}
}

代码的实现过程。

首先我们在一个窗口里写出tableA代码如下。

package specialtable;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableColumnModel;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;

public JTableTest(){
          setBounds(100,100,800,400);
          tableA = new JTable(model);
          tableA.setRowHeight(30);
         JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(tableA);
         DefaultTableColumnModel dcm = (DefaultTableColumnModel)tableA.getColumnModel();
         dcm.getColumn(0).setPreferredWidth(200);
         add(scrollPane);
         setVisible(true);
      }

       public static void main(String[] args){
            new JTableTest();
       }
}

此时运行结果如下：

我们得到了最简单的表格。

接下来我们要改写TableCellRenderer,代码如下：

package specialtable;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.table.TableCellRenderer;

public class JTableTestRenderer extends JPanel implements TableCellRenderer {
        JButton edit_btn;
        JTextField edit_txf;
        public JTableTestRenderer(){
              super();
             setLayout(new BorderLayout());
             edit_btn = new JButton("...");
             edit_txf = new JTextField();
             add(edit_txf);
             add(edit_btn,BorderLayout.EAST);
             edit_btn.setBackground(Color.white);
             edit_btn.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(20,getHeight()));
       }

     public Component getTableCellRendererComponent(JTable table, Object value,
          boolean isSelected, boolean hasFocus, int row, int column) {
          if(isSelected){
              setForeground(table.getForeground());
               super.setBackground(table.getBackground());
          }else{
               setForeground(table.getForeground());
               setBackground(table.getBackground());
         }
       if(value != null)
             edit_txf.setText(value.toString());
             return this;
        }
}

//在类JTableTest调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellRenderer接口JTableTestRenderer
TableColumnModel tcm= tableA.getColumnModel();
TableColumn tc = tcm.getColumn(0);
tc.setCellRenderer(new JTableTestRenderer());

此时，完整JTableTest类的完整代码如下：

package specialtable;

public class JTableTest extends JFrame{
          String[] columnNames = {"名称及规格","零数","件数","数量","单位","件价","单价","金额","备注"};
          JTable tableA;
          public Object[][] values = {
                      {"","","","","","","","",""},
                      {"","","","","","","","",""},
                     {"","","","","","","","",""},
                      {"","","","","","","","",""},
                       {"","","","","","","","",""}
            };
        DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(values,columnNames);

        public JTableTest(){
                 setBounds(100,100,800,400);
                 tableA = new JTable(model);
                 tableA.setRowHeight(30);
                 JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(tableA);
                 DefaultTableColumnModel dcm = (DefaultTableColumnModel)tableA.getColumnModel();
                 dcm.getColumn(0).setPreferredWidth(200);

              //调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellRenderer接口JTableTestRenderer
                TableColumnModel tcm= tableA.getColumnModel();
                TableColumn tc = tcm.getColumn(0);
                tc.setCellRenderer(new JTableTestRenderer());
                add(scrollPane);
                setVisible(true);
        }
         public static void main(String[] args){
                    new JTableTest();
          }
}

此时运行结果如下，看看第一列似乎已经变成我们需要的样子了。

我们先写出接下来要弹出的JDialog类JTableTestDialog ，代码如下：

package specialtable;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JInternalFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableColumnModel;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;

public class JTableTestDialog extends JDialog{
String[] colunmNames = {"厂商","名称及规格","零数","件数"};
public Object[][] values = {
            {"京东","电器","12","13"},
            {"淘宝","电脑","15","16"},
            {"当当","书籍","13","26"},
            {"拍拍","qq","15","96"},
            {"亚马逊","书","12","18"}
};
DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(values,colunmNames);
JTable tableB;
JScrollPane scrollPane;
JLabel tip_lbl =new JLabel("按ctrl或shift可多选货品");
JButton ok = new JButton("确定");;
JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();

public JTableTestDialog(int x,int y){
  setBounds(x,y,400,300);
  tableB = new JTable(model);
  scrollPane = new JScrollPane(tableB);
  scrollPane.setSize(400, 280);
  southPanel.add(tip_lbl,BorderLayout.WEST);
  southPanel.add(ok,BorderLayout.EAST);
  add(scrollPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);
  add(southPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
}
}

接下来我们改写TableCellEditor接口：

代码如下：

package specialtable;

JButton edit_btn;
JTextField edit_txf;

public JTableTestCellEdit(){
  super();
  setLayout(new BorderLayout());
  edit_btn = new JButton("...");
  edit_txf = new JTextField();
  add(edit_txf);
  add(edit_btn,BorderLayout.EAST);
  edit_btn.setBackground(Color.white);
  edit_btn.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(20,getHeight()));
  edit_btn.addActionListener(this);    //给单元格的JButton添加ActionListener，以便于弹出JDialog
}

public Object getCellEditorValue() {
return edit_txf.getText();
}

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
new JTableTestDialog(100,180).setVisible(true);
}
}

此时在JTableTest中调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellEditor接口JTableTestCellEditor

调用后的的完整代码如下：

package specialtable;

public class JTableTest extends JFrame{
String[] columnNames = {"名称及规格","零数","件数","数量","单位","件价","单价","金额","备注"};
JTable tableA;
public Object[][] values = {
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""},
            {"","","","","","","","",""}
};
DefaultTableModel model = new DefaultTableModel(values,columnNames);

public JTableTest(){
  setBounds(100,100,800,400);
  tableA = new JTable(model);
  tableA.setRowHeight(30);
  JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(tableA);
  DefaultTableColumnModel dcm = (DefaultTableColumnModel)tableA.getColumnModel();
        dcm.getColumn(0).setPreferredWidth(200);

        //调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellRenderer接口JTableTestRenderer
        TableColumnModel tcm= tableA.getColumnModel();
  TableColumn tc = tcm.getColumn(0);
  tc.setCellRenderer(new JTableTestRenderer());

  //调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellEditor接口JTableTestCellEditor
  tc.setCellEditor(new JTableTestCellEdit());

  add(scrollPane);
  setVisible(true);
}

public static void main(String[] args){
  new JTableTest();
}
}

运行结果如下：

此时是不是更加接近我们想要的效果了。但是如何实现最后一部功能呢。即，在JTableTestDialog中选择多行数据插入表格tableA。

我们可以将数据先写入TableModel中，由于这个过程是弹出JTableTestDialog后完成的，而最终的结果写在了tableA里，因此，需要把JTableTest当前对象传给给JTableTestDialog，而JTableTestDialog是在点击了JTableTestCellEdit的JButton之后弹出来的，而JTableTestCellEdit是在JTableTest里调用的，因此可以JTableTest通过把当前对象先传给JTableTestCellEdit对象，然后在弹出JDialog后通过JTableTestCellEdit对象和JTableTestCellEdit同时传给JDialog对象。然后在JDialog对象里将数据传到JTableTest对象的tableModel里去。因此我们分别要在这些类里添加一些构造方法，以便实现对象的传递。这个过程似乎有点复杂，我不确定自己讲清楚了没有，不多说了，直接看代码吧，这样最直接。
在JTableTestCellEdit里添加一个如下构造方法，以便于将JTableTest对象传进来。

JTableTestCellEdit(JTableTest jTableTest){
this();
this.jTableTest = jTableTest;
}

此时JTableTest里的调用变成如下所示，将自己传给TableCellEditor对象。

//调用我们刚才自己改写后的TableCellEditor接口JTableTestCellEditor
tc.setCellEditor(new JTableTestCellEdit(this));

JTableTestDialog里需要添加如下构造方法，以便于接收传进来的JTableTestCellEdit对象，和传给JTableTestCellEdit的JTableTest对象。

public JTableTestDialog(int x,int y,JTableTestCellEdit jTableTestCellEdit,JTableTest jTableTest){
  this(x,y);
  this.JTableTestCellEdit = JTableTestCellEdit;
  this.jTableTest = jTableTest;
}

此时JTableTestCellEdit对象的监视器里应该通过如下语句完成传值，

new JTableTestDialog(100,180,this,jTableTest).setVisible(true);

JTableTestCellEdit完整的代码如下：

package specialtable;

public Object getCellEditorValue() {
return edit_txf.getText();
}

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
Point p = edit_btn.getLocation();
new JTableTestDialog(100,180,this,jTableTest).setVisible(true);
}
}

JTableTestCellEdit差不多已经完成了他的任务，接下来就是JTableTestDialog对象如何将值传给JTableTest的问题了。

我们在JTableTest添加一个如下所示的方法，以便于接收JTableTestDialog里的存有JTableTestDialog上数据的TableModel对象。

public void getTable(DefaultTableModel model){
  tableA.setModel(model);
  TableColumnModel tcm= tableA.getColumnModel();
  TableColumn tc = tcm.getColumn(0);
  tc.setCellRenderer(new JTableTestRenderer());
  tc.setCellEditor(new JTableTestCellEdit(this));
  tableA.setColumnSelectionAllowed(false);
  tableA.setRowSelectionAllowed(false);
  tcm.getColumn(0).setPreferredWidth(200);
  tableA.repaint();
}

接着在JTableTestDialog类里将数据写入TableModel对象里传给JTableTest对象：

这时JTableTest 类的完整代码如下：

package specialtable;

JTableTestDialog类的完整代码如下：

public JTableTestDialog(int x,int y,JTableTestCellEdit jTableTestCellEdit,JTableTest jTableTest){
  this(x,y);
  this.jTableTestCellEdit = jTableTestCellEdit;
  this.jTableTest = jTableTest;
}

最后的运行结果如下：

点击JButton弹出JDialog

选择两件商品后，点击确定，就将值写入了tableA中了。

现在基本完成了这个功能。在这个的基础上，要做出效果类似于智慧记那样的效果或是其他操作，那就是调整表表格本身的事情了。

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