[转]CABasicAnimation用法

2023-08-08 20:40:52

CABasicAnimation用法

 

CABasicAnimation 自己只有三个property   fromValue  toValue  ByValue

当你创建一个 CABasicAnimation 时,你需要通过-setFromValue 和-setToValue 来指定一个开始值和结束值。 当你增加基础动画到层中的时候,它开始运行。当用属性做动画完成时,例如用位置属性做动画,层就会立刻 返回到它的初始位置 

记住当你做动画时,你至少使用了 2 个对象。这些对象都是层本身,一个层或者层继承的对象,和在先前 的例子中你分配给层的 CABasicAnimation 对象。因为你给动画对象设定了最后的值(目的地),但是并不意 味着当动画完成的时候,层的属性就改变成了最后的值。当动画完成时,你必须显示的设定层的属性,这样动 画结束后,你的层才能真正的到你设定的属性值上。 

你可以简单的停止动画到你结束的点上,但是这仅仅是一个视觉效果。层实际的值仍然是一样的。要真的 改变内部的值,就像刚才所说的你必须显示的设定那个属性。例如,显示的设定位置的属性,你需要在层中调 用-setPosition 方法。但是,这会造成一点问题。 

如果你通过-set 这个方法显示的设定了层属性的值,那么默认的动画将被执行,而非之前你设定的动画。 在表 3-9 中演示了你设置位置的方法。注意到了,我们使用 position 已经创建了基础动画,但是我们在层上显 示的调用了-setPosition 方法,就覆盖了我们设定的动画,使我们设定的基础动画完全没用了。如果你使用了这 个代码,你会看到虽然我们的层结束的时候放到了正确的位置,但是它使用的是默认的 0.25 秒,而非我们在 动画里显示设定的 5 秒钟。

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CABasicAnimation *animation =
[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@”position”]; [animation setFromValue:[NSValue valueWithPoint:startPoint]]; [animation setToValue:[NSValue valueWithPoint:endPoint]]; [animation setDuration:5.0];
[layer setPosition:endpoint];
[layer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil];

因此现在问题出来了,你怎么能使用我们设定的动画呢?看表 3-9 的最后一行,注意到 forKey:这个参数 是被设定为 nil。这就是为什么动画不能覆盖默认动画的原因。如果你改变最后一行为[layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"position"],动画将会按照我们设定的时间工作。这告诉了层当需要做动画时, 使用我们给关键路径指定的新动画。

下面是一些继承的游泳的属性

Autoreverses

当你设定这个属性为 YES 时,在它到达目的地之后,动画的返回到开始的值,代替了直接跳转到 开始的值。

Duration
Duration 这个参数你已经相当熟悉了。它设定开始值到结束值花费的时间。期间会被速度的属性所影响。 RemovedOnCompletion
这个属性默认为 YES,那意味着,在指定的时间段完成后,动画就自动的从层上移除了。这个一般不用。

假如你想要再次用这个动画时,你需要设定这个属性为 NO。这样的话,下次你在通过-set 方法设定动画的属 性时,它将再次使用你的动画,而非默认的动画。

Speed

默认的值为 1.0.这意味着动画播放按照默认的速度。如果你改变这个值为 2.0,动画会用 2 倍的速度播放。 这样的影响就是使持续时间减半。如果你指定的持续时间为 6 秒,速度为 2.0,动画就会播放 3 秒钟---一半的 持续时间。

BeginTime

这个属性在组动画中很有用。它根据父动画组的持续时间,指定了开始播放动画的时间。默认的是 0.0.组 动画在下个段落中讨论“Animation Grouping”。

TimeOffset

如果一个时间偏移量是被设定,动画不会真正的可见,直到根据父动画组中的执行时间得到的时间都流逝 了。

RepeatCount

默认的是 0,意味着动画只会播放一次。如果指定一个无限大的重复次数,使用 1e100f。这个不应该和 repeatDration 属性一块使用。

RepeatDuration

这个属性指定了动画应该被重复多久。动画会一直重复,直到设定的时间流逝完。它不应该和 repeatCount 一起使用。

下面这段英文摘自苹果官方文档，将的是fromValue  toValue  ByValue  怎么使用

The interpolation values are used as follows:

  • Both fromValue and toValue are non-nil. Interpolates between fromValue and toValue.

  • fromValue and byValue are non-nil. Interpolates between fromValue and (fromValue + byValue).

  • byValue and toValue are non-nil. Interpolates between (toValue - byValue) and toValue.

  • fromValue is non-nil. Interpolates between fromValue and the current presentation value of the property.

  • toValue is non-nil. Interpolates between the current value of keyPath in the target layer’s presentation layer andtoValue.

  • byValue is non-nil. Interpolates between the current value of keyPath in the target layer’s presentation layer and that value plus byValue.

  • All properties are nil. Interpolates between the previous value of keyPath in the target layer’s presentation layer and the current value of keyPath in the target layer’s presentation layer.

其他的方法 还是属性等 都是继承而来的

我们可以通过animationWithKeyPath键值对的方式来改变动画

animationWithKeyPath的值：

　 transform.scale = 比例轉換

transform.scale.x = 闊的比例轉換

transform.scale.y = 高的比例轉換

transform.rotation.z = 平面圖的旋轉

opacity = 透明度

margin

zPosition

backgroundColor    背景颜色

cornerRadius    圆角

borderWidth

bounds

contents

contentsRect

cornerRadius

frame

hidden

mask

masksToBounds

opacity

position

shadowColor

shadowOffset

shadowOpacity

shadowRadius

下面是一些例子

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    CABasicAnimation *pulse = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
    pulse.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut];
    pulse.duration = 0.5 + (rand() % 10) * 0.05;
    pulse.repeatCount = 1;
    pulse.autoreverses = YES;
    pulse.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:.8];
    pulse.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.2];
    [self.ui_View.layer addAnimation:pulse forKey:nil];
 
// bounds
  
CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"bounds"];
    anim.duration = 1.f;
    anim.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(0,0,10,10)];
    anim.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(10,10,200,200)];
    anim.byValue  = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:self. ui_View.bounds]; 
//    anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
//    anim.fromValue =  (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
     
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim.repeatCount = 1;
    anim.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
//cornerRadius
  
    CABasicAnimation *anim2 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"cornerRadius"];
    anim2.duration = 1.f;
    anim2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.f];
    anim2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:20.f];
    anim2.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim2.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    anim2.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim2 forKey:@"cornerRadius"];
 
//contents
  
CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"contents"];
    anim.duration = 1.f;
    anim.fromValue = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"1.jpg"].CGImage;
    anim.toValue = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"2.png"].CGImage;
//    anim.byValue  = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"3.png"].CGImage;
//    anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
//    anim.fromValue =  (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
     
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    anim.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
 
 
  
[ui_View.layer setShadowOffset:CGSizeMake(2,2)];
    [ui_View.layer setShadowOpacity:1];
    [ui_View.layer setShadowColor:[UIColor grayColor].CGColor];
//
    CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowColor"];
    anim.duration = 1.f;
    anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
    anim.fromValue =  (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
     
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    anim.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
     
    CABasicAnimation *_anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowOffset"];
    _anim.duration = 1.f;
    _anim.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(0,0)];
    _anim.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(3,3)];
     
    _anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    _anim.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    _anim.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:_anim forKey:nil];
     
     
    CABasicAnimation *_anim1 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowOpacity"];
    _anim1.duration = 1.f;
    _anim1.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.5];
    _anim1.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1];
     
    _anim1.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    _anim1.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    _anim1.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:_anim1 forKey:nil];
     
     
     
    CABasicAnimation *_anim2 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowRadius"];
    _anim2.duration = 1.f;
    _anim2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:10];
    _anim2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:5];
     
    _anim2.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    _anim2.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    _anim2.autoreverses = YES;
     
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:_anim2 forKey:nil];

下面是一些应用

几个可以用来实现热门APP应用PATH中menu效果的几个方法
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityForever_Animation:(float)time ／／永久闪烁的动画
 
{
 
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
 
    animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];
 
    animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0];
 
    animation.autoreverses=YES;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.repeatCount=FLT_MAX;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityTimes_Animation:(float)repeatTimes durTimes:(float)time; ／／有闪烁次数的动画
 
{
 
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
 
    animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];
 
    animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.4];
 
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];
 
    animation.autoreverses=YES;
 
    return  animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)moveX:(float)time X:(NSNumber *)x ／／横向移动
 
{
 
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];
 
    animation.toValue=x;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)moveY:(float)time Y:(NSNumber *)y ／／纵向移动
 
{
 
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
 
    animation.toValue=y;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)scale:(NSNumber *)Multiple orgin:(NSNumber *)orginMultiple durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／缩放
 
{
 
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
 
    animation.fromValue=orginMultiple;
 
    animation.toValue=Multiple;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.autoreverses=YES;
 
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CAAnimationGroup *)groupAnimation:(NSArray *)animationAry durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／组合动画
 
{
 
    CAAnimationGroup *animation=[CAAnimationGroup animation];
 
    animation.animations=animationAry;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CAKeyframeAnimation *)keyframeAniamtion:(CGMutablePathRef)path durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／路径动画
 
{
 
    CAKeyframeAnimation *animation=[CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
 
    animation.path=path;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];
 
    animation.autoreverses=NO;
 
    animation.duration=time;
 
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)movepoint:(CGPoint )point ／／点移动
 
{
 
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation"];
 
    animation.toValue=[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:point];
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    return animation;
 
}
 
  
 
+(CABasicAnimation *)rotation:(float)dur degree:(float)degree direction:(int)direction repeatCount:(int)repeatCount ／／旋转
 
{
 
    CATransform3D rotationTransform  = CATransform3DMakeRotation(degree, 0, 0,direction);
 
    CABasicAnimation* animation;
 
    animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"];
 
  
 
animation.toValue= [NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:rotationTransform];
 
    animation.duration= dur;
 
animation.autoreverses= NO;
 
    animation.cumulative= YES;
 
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
 
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
 
    animation.repeatCount= repeatCount;
 
animation.delegate= self;
 
  
 
return animation;
 
}
 
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