Android中attrs.xml文件的使用详解

2023-08-08 19:08:46

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Android中在values中定义一个attrs.xml，然后自己定义一个组件MyView

attrs.xml内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<resources>

    <declare-styleable name="MyView">

        <attr name="textColor" format="color" />

        <attr name="textSize" format="dimension" />

    </declare-styleable>

</resources>

定义的组件MyView:

package com.jiangwei.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.res.TypedArray;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.graphics.Paint.Style;

import android.graphics.Rect;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

private Paint mPaint;

private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Wei's blog";

public MyView(Context context) {

super(context);

mPaint = new Paint();

}

public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

mPaint = new Paint();

TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyView);

int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.MyView_textColor, 0XFFFFFFFF);

float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36);

mPaint.setTextSize(textSize);

mPaint.setColor(textColor);

a.recycle();

}

@Override

protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onDraw(canvas);

// 设置填充

mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL);

// 画一个矩形,前俩个是矩形左上角坐标，后面俩个是右下角坐标

canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint);

mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);

// 绘制文字

canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint);

}

}

main.xml内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.jiangwei.demo"//一定记得添加前缀

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="fill_parent"

    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <com.jiangwei.demo.MyView

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

   android:layout_height="fill_parent"

   test:textSize="20px"//test是个前缀

   test:textColor="#ffffff"/>

</LinearLayout>

具体内容:

格式如上，其中“xmlns:wen”冒号后面是标签名，在下面使用时(只对当前文件可用)
<TextView wen:属性名/>
“com.iteye.googlers”是你的工程包名。
1. reference：参考某一资源ID。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"

                     android:layout_height = "42dip"

                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

                     />

2. color：颜色值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />

            </declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

 <TextView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"

                     android:layout_height = "42dip"

                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"

                     />

3. boolean：布尔值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">

                <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<Button

                   android:layout_width = "42dip"

                   android:layout_height = "42dip"

                   android:focusable = "true"/>

4. dimension：尺寸值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<Button

                   android:layout_width = "42dip"

                   android:layout_height = "42dip"

                  />

5. float：浮点值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">

                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />

                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<alpha

       android:fromAlpha = "1.0"

       android:toAlpha = "0.7"

/>

6. integer：整型值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">

                   <attr name = "visible" />

                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />

                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />

                   <attr name = "pivotX" />

                   <attr name = "pivotY" />

                   <attr name = "drawable" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<animated-rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

                   android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"

                   android:pivotX = "50%"

                   android:pivotY = "50%"

                   android:framesCount = "12"

                   android:frameDuration = "100"

                   />

7. string：字符串。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "MapView">

                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<com.google.android.maps.MapView

                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"

                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

                    />

8. fraction：百分数。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">

                   <attr name = "visible" />

                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />

                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />

                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />

                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />

                   <attr name = "drawable" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<rotate

                 xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

　　             android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"

                 android:fromDegrees = "0"

　　             android:toDegrees = "360"

                 android:pivotX = "200%"

                 android:pivotY = "300%"

　　             android:duration = "5000"

                 android:repeatMode = "restart"

                 android:repeatCount = "infinite"

                />

9. enum：枚举值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name="名称">

                   <attr name="orientation">

                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />

                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />

                   </attr>

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<LinearLayout

                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

                    android:orientation = "vertical"

                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"

                    >

</LinearLayout>

10. flag：位或运算。
（1）属性定义：

 <declare-styleable name="名称">

                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">

                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />

                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />

                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />

                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />

                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />

                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />

                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />

                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />

                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />

                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />

                     </attr>

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<activity

      android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"

      android:label = "@string/app_name"

      android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">

      <intent-filter>

            <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

      </intent-filter>

</activity>

注意：
属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。
（1）属性定义：

<declare-styleable name = "名称">

      <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

</declare-styleable>

（2）属性使用：

<ImageView

        android:layout_width = "42dip"

        android:layout_height = "42dip"

        android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"

        />

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