填写身份证自动匹配相应的信息

开发工具与关键技术：Visual Studio 2015、WPF
作者：郑伟基
撰写时间：2019年6月7日

下面我们使用了一个正则表达式来来匹配正确的身份证号码，，输入身份证号码它会自动匹配里面相对应的身份证号码信息，会匹配出身日期、自动计算年龄、性别，我还在身份证的文本框里面限制了身份证的长度限制，因为大多数的身份证都是18位的，见下面的XAML代码表达。
见下面的XAML代码：

<Grid>
    <Border Background="AliceBlue">
        <GroupBox   Margin="5" Header="填写身份证自动匹配相应的信息">
            <Grid>
                <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                    <RowDefinition Height="22*" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="25*" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="35*" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="25*" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="35*" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="25" />
                    <RowDefinition  Height="35"/>
                    <RowDefinition Height="25"/>
                    <RowDefinition Height="61"/>
                </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="29*" />
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="52*" />
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="3*" />
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="29*" />
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="52*" />
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Text="身份证号码：" VerticalAlignment="Center" Height="15" Margin="0,5" />
                <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="txt_ShenFenZheng" TextChanged="ShenFenZheng_TextChanged"  VerticalContentAlignment="Center" MaxLength="18"/>
                <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="3" Text="出身日期：" VerticalAlignment="Center" Height="15" Margin="0,5" />
                <DatePicker Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="4" x:Name="txt_ChuShengRiQi" />
                <TextBlock Grid.Row="3" Text="年龄：" VerticalAlignment="Center" Height="16" Margin="0,4" />
                <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="txt_NianLing" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" />
                <TextBlock Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="3" Text="性别：" VerticalAlignment="Center" Height="16" Margin="0,4"/>
                <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="4" x:Name="txt_XingBie" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" />
                <TextBlock Grid.Row="5" Text="身份证地址：" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,5,0,4" />
                <TextBox Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="txt_LianXiDiZhi" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" />
                <Button Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="4" x:Name="btn_1" Content="清空" Width="80" BorderBrush="SkyBlue" Foreground="White" Background="SkyBlue" Click="btn_1_Click"/>
            </Grid>
        </GroupBox>
    </Border>
</Grid>

见下面的C#代码：
using System;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using 身份证验证并回填.PublicStyles;

namespace 身份证验证并回填
{
///
/// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
///
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}

    // 身份证改变事件（验证有效身份证）
    private void ShenFenZheng_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        string ShengFenZheng = txt_ShenFenZheng.Text.Trim();
        try
        {
            if(ShengFenZheng.Length == 18)
            {
                if (!Regex.IsMatch(ShengFenZheng, @"(^\d{15}$)|(^\d{18}$)|(^\d{17}(\d|X|x)$)"))
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("身份证不合法！");
                    txt_ShenFenZheng.Text = "";
                }
                else
                {
                    //截取年：Substring
                    string birth_y = ShengFenZheng.Substring(6, 4);
                    //截取月：Substring
                    string birth_m = ShengFenZheng.Substring(10, 2);
                    //截取日：Substring
                    string birth_d = ShengFenZheng.Substring(12, 2);
                     ListViewItem l = new ListViewItem();
                    //绑定出生日期
                    txt_ChuShengRiQi.Text = birth_y + "年" + birth_m + "月" + birth_d + "日";

                    //获取今年的 年份
                    string strNow = DateTime.Now.Year.ToString();
                    //把今年的年份转换成数字
                    decimal decNow = Convert.ToDecimal(strNow);
                    //截取身份证的出生年份
                    decimal decimal_y = Convert.ToDecimal(birth_y);
                    //获取虚岁
                    decimal decAge = Convert.ToDecimal(decNow - decimal_y) + 1;
                    //绑定年龄
                    txt_NianLing.Text = decAge.ToString().Trim();

                    //截取身份证的第16位的后一位数
                    int XingBie = int.Parse(ShengFenZheng.Substring(16, 1));
                    //绑定性别
                    if (XingBie % 2 ==0)
                    {
                        txt_XingBie.Text = "女";
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        txt_XingBie.Text = "男";
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            throw;
        }

        //使用封装好的方法
        if (txt_ShenFenZheng.Text.ToString().Length == 6)
        {
            string strLianXiDiZhi = CheckIDCardGetDiQu.LoadAddress(txt_ShenFenZheng.Text.ToString());
            if (strLianXiDiZhi == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("身份证不合法！");
            }
            else
            {
                //绑定身份证地址
                txt_LianXiDiZhi.Text = strLianXiDiZhi;
            }
        }
        if (txt_ShenFenZheng.Text.ToString().Length < 6)
        {
            txt_LianXiDiZhi.Text = "";
        }
    }

    //清空按钮
    private void btn_1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        //弹出确定对话框
        MessageBoxResult dr = 
            MessageBox.Show("是否要清空数据！", "系统提示", MessageBoxButton.OKCancel,MessageBoxImage.Information); 
        if (dr == MessageBoxResult.OK) //如果点了确定按钮
        {
            //清空数据
            txt_ShenFenZheng.Text = string.Empty;
            txt_ChuShengRiQi.Text = string.Empty;
            txt_NianLing.Text = string.Empty;
            txt_XingBie.Text = string.Empty;
            txt_LianXiDiZhi.Text = string.Empty;
        }
        
    }
}

}

在截图下面的截图中看到我写进身份证的信息，其他相关的信息也会从身份证号码里面自动去匹配相应的信息

见下面的效果截图：