我们Android平台是一个又一个的Activity组成的,每一个Activity有一个或者多个View构成。所以说,当我们想显示一个界面的时候,我们首先想到的是建立一个Activity,然后所有的操作在Activity里面实现,或者是一个Dialog或者Toast。这种方式固然简单,但是在有些情况下,我们要求的只是简单的显示,用Activity显然是多余,这个时候,我们如何处理呢?
原来,整个Android的窗口机制是基于一个叫做 WindowManager,这个接口可以添加view到屏幕,也可以从屏幕删除view。它面向的对象一端是屏幕,另一端就是View,直接忽略我们以前的Activity或者Dialog之类的东东。其实我们的Activity或者Diolog底层的实现也是通过WindowManager,这个 WindowManager是全局的,整个系统就是这个唯一的东东。它是显示View的最底层了。
一、一个简单WindowManager实例
package com.example.qjm3662.simplewindowsmanager; import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { WindowManager wManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //Activity自带一个getWindowManager()方法,可以获得当前系统的WindowManager
wManager = getWindowManager();
TextView tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setText("sdgvsd");
//布局参数
WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
params.width = 200;
params.height = 200; //设置透明程度
params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSPARENT;
//params.format = PixelFormat.RGBA_8888;
//设置是否获得焦点,如果获得焦点,则底层的View无法获得焦点,也无法响应返回键,默认是获得
params.flags |= WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
wManager.addView(tv,params);
}
}
二、WindowManager的属性(WindowManager.LayoutParms)
详细的属性表在:
http://www.cnblogs.com/shitianzeng/articles/2814050.html
三、如何让一个view显示在桌面(即Activity销毁后(或在后台)仍可在桌面显示指定view)---》eg:各种安全软件的悬浮球
----》利用Service
package com.example.qjm3662.windowmanager; import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { Button button;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this,WindowManagerService.class));
}
});
} @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main,menu);
return true;
} @Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId(); if(id == R.id.action_settings){
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
package com.example.qjm3662.windowmanager; import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.TextView; public class WindowManagerService extends Service { private Handler handler = new Handler();
public WindowManagerService() {
} @Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
return null;
} @Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
String msg = "This is a text message";
final WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
final View view = LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.view_system,null); TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setText(msg);
final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
params.x = 0;
params.y = 0;
params.gravity = Gravity.RIGHT | Gravity.BOTTOM;
params.width = 400;
params.height = 400;
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY;
params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSPARENT;
params.flags |= WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN;
wm.addView(view,params); new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
Thread.sleep(15000);
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
wm.removeViewImmediate(view);
}
});
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
}