三、安装配置
1.环境
使用2台centos服务器，每台机器上部署3个实例，集群为三个主节点与三个从节点：
192.168.5.144:6380
192.168.5.144:6381
192.168.5.144:6382
192.168.5.8:6380
192.168.5.8:6381
192.168.5.8:6382
2.安装依赖
由于通过redis-trib.rb工具构建Redis Cluster，需要rudy环境，执行如下命令安装：
yum -y install zlib ruby rubygems
安装ruby 的redis库：
gem install redis
3.安装redis 3.0.7
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
tar -zxvf redis-3.0.7.tar.gz
mkdir redis
cd redis-3.0.7
make PREFIX=/home/slim/redis
make PREFIX=/home/slim/redis install
将集群工具复制到/home/slim/redis/bin下
cp /home/slim/redis-3.0.7/src/redis-trib.rb ./bin/
创建数据配置目录
mkdir -p /home/slim/redis/{conf,data,logs}
4.配置
在2台机器上配置如下：
cd /home/slim/redis
cp /home/slim/redis-3.0.7/redis.conf ./conf/redis-6380.conf
cp /home/slim/redis-3.0.7/redis.conf ./conf/redis-6381.conf
cp /home/slim/redis-3.0.7/redis.conf ./conf/redis-6382.conf
修改配置：
- #基本配置
- daemonize yes
- pidfile /home/slim/redis/data/redis-6380.pid
- port 6380
- bind 192.168.5.144
- unixsocket /home/slim/redis/data/redis-6380.sock
- unixsocketperm 700
- timeout 300
- loglevel verbose
- logfile /home/slim/redis/logs/redis-6380.log
- databases 16
- dbfilename dump-6380.rdb
- dir /home/slim/redis/data/
- #aof持久化
- appendonly yes
- appendfilename appendonly-6380.aof
- appendfsync everysec
- no-appendfsync-on-rewrite yes
- auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 80-100
- auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
- lua-time-limit 5000
- #集群配置
- cluster-enabled yes
- cluster-config-file /home/slim/redis/data/nodes-6380.conf
- cluster-node-timeout 5000
每个实例配置类似，修改一下都应端口、IP地址、文件名称即可。
Redis集群由多个运行在集群模式（cluster mode）下的Redis实例组成，实例的集群模式需要通过配置来开启，开启集群模式的实例将可以使用集群特有的功能和命令。要让集群正常运作至少需要三个主节点，
不过在刚开始试用集群功能时， 强烈建议使用六个节点： 其中三个为主节点， 而其余三个则是各个主节点的从节点。
cluster-enabled：开实例的集群模式
cluster-conf-file：设定了保存节点配置文件的路径，默认值为nodes.conf。节点配置文件无须人为修改，它由Redis集群在启动时创建，并在有需要时自动进行更新。
cluster-node-timeout：集群节点互连超时的阀值
5.启动服务
1）启动2台机器实例
./bin/redis-server ./conf/redis-6380.conf ;tail -f logs/redis-6380.log
./bin/redis-server ./conf/redis-6381.conf ;tail -f logs/redis-6381.log
./bin/redis-server ./conf/redis-6382.conf ;tail -f logs/redis-6382.log
这里启动的时候，可能会出现以下错误：
1.试图运行程序，提示"libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.6' not found",原因是系统的glibc版本太低，软件编译时使用了较高版本的glibc引起的：
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]$ ./redis-server
./redis-server: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.6' not found (required by ./redis-server)
2.查看系统glibc支持的版本：
strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC_
GLIBC_2.2.5
GLIBC_2.2.6
GLIBC_2.3
GLIBC_2.3.2
GLIBC_2.3.3
GLIBC_2.3.4
GLIBC_2.4
GLIBC_2.5
GLIBC_2.6
GLIBC_2.7
GLIBC_2.8
GLIBC_2.9
GLIBC_2.10
GLIBC_2.11
GLIBC_2.12
GLIBC_PRIVATE
rpm -qa | grep glibc
glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
glibc-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
3.可以看到当前系统最高只支持2.2版本，所以需要安装新版本来解决这个问题：
编译安装步骤如下：
a. 到http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/下载最新版本，我这里下载了glibc-2.14.tar.gz 这个版本，解压到任意目录准备编译
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.6.tar.gz
b.这里解压到～/glibc-2.6/
cd /home/work/glibc-2.6/
ls
BUGS ChangeLog.2 NAMESPACE bits elf libidn po string
CANCEL-FCT-WAIVE ChangeLog.3 NEWS build extra-lib.mk libio posix sunrpc
CANCEL-FILE-WAIVE ChangeLog.4 NOTES catgets extra-modules.mk locale pwd sysdeps
CONFORMANCE ChangeLog.5 PROJECTS conf gmon localedata resolv sysvipc
COPYING ChangeLog.6 README config.h.in gnulib login resource termios
COPYING.LIB ChangeLog.7 README.libm config.make.in grp mach rt test-skeleton.c
ChangeLog ChangeLog.8 Rules configure gshadow malloc scripts time
ChangeLog.1 ChangeLog.9 Versions.def configure.in hesiod manual setjmp timezone
ChangeLog.10 FAQ WUR-REPORT conform hurd math shadow tls.make.c
ChangeLog.11 FAQ.in abi-tags cppflags-iterator.mk iconv misc shlib-versions version.h
ChangeLog.12 INSTALL abilist crypt iconvdata nis signal wcsmbs
ChangeLog.13 LICENSES aclocal.m4 csu include nptl socket wctype
ChangeLog.14 Makeconfig aout ctype inet nptl_db soft-fp
ChangeLog.15 Makefile argp debug intl nscd stdio-common
ChangeLog.16 Makefile.in assert dirent io nss stdlib
ChangeLog.17 Makerules autom4te.cache dlfcn libc-abis o-iterator.mk streams
c.在glibc源码目录建立构建目录，并cd进入构建目录
[work@zc-mc-face01 glibc-2.14]# mkdir build
[work@zc-mc-face01 glibc-2.14]# cd build
d.运行configure配置，make && sudo make install
1. [work@zc-mc-face01 build]# ../configure --prefix=/opt/glibc-2.14
接下来继续运行
2. [work@zc-mc-face01 build]# make -j4
3. [work@zc-mc-face01 build]# sudomakeinstall
4.临时修改环境变量
[work@zc-mc-face01 build]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/glibc-2.14/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
5.接下来就可以正常启动redis了
[work@zc-mc-face01 build]# cd ~/app/redis-2.8.13/src
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]# ./redis-server
启动日志中打印：
“8591:M 11 Apr 22:20:46.134 * No cluster configuration found, I'm 83fc65283bbbb71b4c089337df05594d67f4cab6”
每个节点都使用 ID 而不是 IP 或者端口号来记录其他节点， 因为 IP 地址和端口号都可能会改变， 而这个独一无二的标识符（identifier）则会在节点的整个生命周期中一直保持不变。
查看启动进程：
- ps -ef | grep redis
- slim 8525 1 0 22:16 ? 00:00:01 ./bin/redis-server 192.168.36.54:6380 [cluster]
- slim 8544 1 0 22:17 ? 00:00:00 ./bin/redis-server 192.168.36.54:6381 [cluster]
- slim 8591 1 0 22:20 ? 00:00:00 ./bin/redis-server 192.168.36.54:6382 [cluster]
2）集群配置
在每台机器上启动的redis服务都是相互独立，下面我们就使用redis-trib.rb工具构建Redis Cluster。
./bin/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.36.54:6380 192.168.36.54:6381
192.168.36.54:6382 192.168.36.189:6380 192.168.36.189:6381 192.168.36.189:6382
命令的意义如下：
给定 redis-trib.rb 程序的命令是 create ， 这表示我们希望创建一个新的集群。
选项 --replicas 1 表示我们希望为集群中的每个主节点创建一个从节点。
之后跟着的其他参数则是实例的地址列表， 我们希望程序使用这些地址所指示的实例来创建新集群。
简单来说， 以上命令的意思就是让 redis-trib 程序创建一个包含三个主节点和三个从节点的集群。
启动日志：
- >>> Creating cluster
- Connecting to node 192.168.36.54:6380: OK
- Connecting to node 192.168.36.54:6381: OK
- Connecting to node 192.168.36.54:6382: OK
- Connecting to node 192.168.36.189:6380: OK
- Connecting to node 192.168.36.189:6381: OK
- Connecting to node 192.168.36.189:6382: OK
- >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
- Using 3 masters:
- 192.168.36.54:6380
- 192.168.36.189:6380
- 192.168.36.54:6381
- Adding replica 192.168.36.189:6381 to 192.168.36.54:6380
- Adding replica 192.168.36.54:6382 to 192.168.36.189:6380
- Adding replica 192.168.36.189:6382 to 192.168.36.54:6381
- M: f6285c8a7506b224840d7b26b2b5d1671320c21f 192.168.36.54:6380
- slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
- M: 26ce71d626175f88e0416e3f45b2bfb29304c7b3 192.168.36.54:6381
- slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
- S: 83fc65283bbbb71b4c089337df05594d67f4cab6 192.168.36.54:6382
- replicates b1a15a3cd14ea65671a7134850e17b8919a17da5
- M: b1a15a3cd14ea65671a7134850e17b8919a17da5 192.168.36.189:6380
- slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
- S: 1080e423a55a2c24dae649dac03ffa09ed26d3e8 192.168.36.189:6381
- replicates f6285c8a7506b224840d7b26b2b5d1671320c21f
- S: de4302f43ff89843675446396552fd19f741246a 192.168.36.189:6382
- replicates 26ce71d626175f88e0416e3f45b2bfb29304c7b3
- Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
- >>> Nodes configuration updated
- >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
- >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
- Waiting for the cluster to join...
- >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.36.54:6380)
- M: f6285c8a7506b224840d7b26b2b5d1671320c21f 192.168.36.54:6380
- slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
- M: 26ce71d626175f88e0416e3f45b2bfb29304c7b3 192.168.36.54:6381
- slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
- M: 83fc65283bbbb71b4c089337df05594d67f4cab6 192.168.36.54:6382
- slots: (0 slots) master
- replicates b1a15a3cd14ea65671a7134850e17b8919a17da5
- M: b1a15a3cd14ea65671a7134850e17b8919a17da5 192.168.36.189:6380
- slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
- M: 1080e423a55a2c24dae649dac03ffa09ed26d3e8 192.168.36.189:6381
- slots: (0 slots) master
- replicates f6285c8a7506b224840d7b26b2b5d1671320c21f
- M: de4302f43ff89843675446396552fd19f741246a 192.168.36.189:6382
- slots: (0 slots) master
- replicates 26ce71d626175f88e0416e3f45b2bfb29304c7b3
- [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
- >>> Check for open slots...
- >>> Check slots coverage...
- [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
从启动日志可以看出有6个集群实例，主节点为：
192.168.36.54:6380
192.168.36.189:6380
192.168.36.54:6381
每个主节点对应一个从节点
Adding replica 192.168.36.189:6381 to 192.168.36.54:6380
Adding replica 192.168.36.54:6382 to 192.168.36.189:6380
Adding replica 192.168.36.189:6382 to 192.168.36.54:6381
slots划分：
192.168.36.54:6380 0-5460
192.168.36.189:6380 5461-10922
192.168.36.54:6381 10923-16383
一共16384 slots
注：redis-trib.rb使用参数
- Usage: redis-trib <command> <options> <arguments ...>
- fix host:port
- call host:port command arg arg .. arg
- check host:port
- import host:port
- --from <arg>
- set-timeout host:port milliseconds
- add-node new_host:new_port existing_host:existing_port
- --master-id <arg>
- --slave
- reshard host:port
- --to <arg>
- --from <arg>
- --slots <arg>
- --yes
- create host1:port1 ... hostN:portN
- --replicas <arg>
- help (show this help)
- del-node host:port node_id
- For check, fix, reshard, del-node, set-timeout you can specify the host and port of any working node in the cluster.
参数说明：
call：执行redis命令
create：创建一个新的集群。host1:port1 ... hostN:portN指定了用于构建Redis Cluster的所有redis实例，节点角色由顺序决定,先master之后是slave。而--replicas 则指定了为Redis Cluster中的每个Master节点配备几个Slave节点。
add-node 将一个节点添加到集群里面， 第一个是新节点ip:port, 第二个是任意一个已存在节点ip:port，--master-id
reshard：重新分片
check：查看集群信息
del-node：移除一个节点
对于客户端redis-cli要访问集群，在启动的时候需要添加一个-c参数，如查看集群所有节点：
- ./bin/redis-cli -c -h 192.168.36.189 -p 6380 cluster nodes
- 1080e423a55a2c24dae649dac03ffa09ed26d3e8 192.168.36.189:6381 slave f6285c8a7506b224840d7b26b2b5d1671320c21f 0 1428817516066 5 connected
- b1a15a3cd14ea65671a7134850e17b8919a17da5 192.168.36.189:6380 myself,master - 0 0 4 connected 5461-10922
- 83fc65283bbbb71b4c089337df05594d67f4cab6 192.168.36.54:6382 slave b1a15a3cd14ea65671a7134850e17b8919a17da5 0 1428817515047 4 connected
- 26ce71d626175f88e0416e3f45b2bfb29304c7b3 192.168.36.54:6381 master - 0 1428817514946 2 connected 10923-16383
- f6285c8a7506b224840d7b26b2b5d1671320c21f 192.168.36.54:6380 master - 0 1428817514844 1 connected 0-5460
- de4302f43ff89843675446396552fd19f741246a 192.168.36.189:6382 slave 26ce71d626175f88e0416e3f45b2bfb29304c7b3 0 1428817516578 6 connected
参考文章：
3
down vote
accepted
For Ruby 1.8.6 I had to add another repository.
Create /etc/yum.repos.d/ruby.repo and add the following:
[ruby]
name=ruby
baseurl=http://repo.premiumhelp.eu/ruby/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=0
Then
yum --enablerepo=ruby install ruby
From www.centos.org forums.
Don't bother installing rubygems this way, it's obsolete.
Installing RubyGems Using apt-get on Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install rubygems
Installing RubyGems Using yum
sudo yum install rubygems
Manual Installation Method
wget http://production.cf.rubygems.org/rubygems/rubygems-1.5.0.tgz
tar xvf rubygems-1.5.0.tgz
cd rubygems-1.5.0
sudo ruby setup.rb
1执行上面的命令的时候会报错，因为是执行的ruby的脚本，需要ruby的环境
错误内容：/usr/bin/env: ruby: No such file or directory
所以需要安装ruby的环境，这里推荐使用yum install ruby安装
| yum install ruby |
我的死活用yum 安装不成功，指定了rpm源还是不行，老是提示个别文件下载超时，没法办只能下载源文件编译。由于我的系统是centos5.4 自带的ruby是1.8.5，是不支持rubygems的。所以下载并解压Ruby 1.8.7
1.wget http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8/ruby-1.8.7-p334.tar.gz
2.tar -xzvf ruby-1.8.7-p334.tar.gz
3../configure -prefix=/usr/local -with-shared -without-debug
4.make
5.make install
6.2然后再执行第6步的创建集群命令，还会报错，提示缺少rubygems组件，使用yum安装
错误内容：
./redis-trib.rb:24:in `require': no such file to load — rubygems (LoadError)
from ./redis-trib.rb:24
| yum install rubygems |
如果yum 安装不成功，那么还是下载源码安装
1.wget http://production.cf.rubygems.org/rubygems/rubygems-1.6.2.tgz //最好是下载到/usr/local/src/目录中
2.tar -xzvf rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
3.cd rubygems-1.6.2
4.ruby setup.rb
6.3再次执行第6步的命令，还会报错，提示不能加载redis，是因为缺少redis和ruby的接口，使用gem 安装
错误内容：
/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load — redis (LoadError)
from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require’
from ./redis-trib.rb:25
| gem install redis |
6.4 再次执行第6步的命令，正常执行
输入yes，然后配置完成。
以下在系统CentOS 6.3 x86_64上操作
1.试图运行程序，提示"libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found",原因是系统的glibc版本太低，软件编译时使用了较高版本的glibc引起的：
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]$ ./redis-server
./redis-server: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by ./redis-server)
2.查看系统glibc支持的版本：
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]$ strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC_
GLIBC_2.2.5
GLIBC_2.2.6
GLIBC_2.3
GLIBC_2.3.2
GLIBC_2.3.3
GLIBC_2.3.4
GLIBC_2.4
GLIBC_2.5
GLIBC_2.6
GLIBC_2.7
GLIBC_2.8
GLIBC_2.9
GLIBC_2.10
GLIBC_2.11
GLIBC_2.12
GLIBC_PRIVATE
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]$ rpm -qa | grep glibc
glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
glibc-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64
3.可以看到当前系统最高只支持2.12版本，所以需要安装新版本来解决这个问题：
编译安装步骤如下：
a. 到http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/下载最新版本，我这里下载了glibc-2.14.tar.gz 这个版本，解压到任意目录准备编译
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.14.tar.gz
b.这里解压到～/glibc-2.14/
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]# cd /home/work/glibc-2.14/
[work@zc-mc-face01 glibc-2.14]# ls
BUGS ChangeLog.2 NAMESPACE bits elf libidn po string
CANCEL-FCT-WAIVE ChangeLog.3 NEWS build extra-lib.mk libio posix sunrpc
CANCEL-FILE-WAIVE ChangeLog.4 NOTES catgets extra-modules.mk locale pwd sysdeps
CONFORMANCE ChangeLog.5 PROJECTS conf gmon localedata resolv sysvipc
COPYING ChangeLog.6 README config.h.in gnulib login resource termios
COPYING.LIB ChangeLog.7 README.libm config.make.in grp mach rt test-skeleton.c
ChangeLog ChangeLog.8 Rules configure gshadow malloc scripts time
ChangeLog.1 ChangeLog.9 Versions.def configure.in hesiod manual setjmp timezone
ChangeLog.10 FAQ WUR-REPORT conform hurd math shadow tls.make.c
ChangeLog.11 FAQ.in abi-tags cppflags-iterator.mk iconv misc shlib-versions version.h
ChangeLog.12 INSTALL abilist crypt iconvdata nis signal wcsmbs
ChangeLog.13 LICENSES aclocal.m4 csu include nptl socket wctype
ChangeLog.14 Makeconfig aout ctype inet nptl_db soft-fp
ChangeLog.15 Makefile argp debug intl nscd stdio-common
ChangeLog.16 Makefile.in assert dirent io nss stdlib
ChangeLog.17 Makerules autom4te.cache dlfcn libc-abis o-iterator.mk streams
c.在glibc源码目录建立构建目录，并cd进入构建目录
[work@zc-mc-face01 glibc-2.14]# mkdir build
[work@zc-mc-face01 glibc-2.14]# cd build
d.运行configure配置，make && sudo make install
1. [work@zc-mc-face01 build]# ../configure --prefix=/opt/glibc-2.14
这一步如果config失败，显示错误如下：
checking whether ranlib is necessary... no
checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable... contains current directory
configure: error:
*** LD_LIBRARY_PATH shouldn't contain the current directory when
*** building glibc. Please change the environment variable
*** and run configure again.
此时首先查看LD_LIBRARY_PATH：
echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/opt/soft/jdk/jre/lib/amd64/server:
而实际上这个路径的设置是有限制的：
# Test if LD_LIBRARY_PATH contains the notation for the current directory
# since this would lead to problems installing/building glibc.
# LD_LIBRARY_PATH contains the current directory if one of the following
# is true:
# - one of the terminals (":" and ";") is the first or last sign
# - two terminals occur directly after each other
# - the path contains an element with a dot in it
所以这里我们只需要去掉 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 最后的那个路径分隔符':'即可：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/soft/jdk/jre/lib/amd64/server
接下来继续运行
2. [work@zc-mc-face01 build]# make -j4
3. [work@zc-mc-face01 build]# sudomakeinstall
4.临时修改环境变量
[work@zc-mc-face01 build]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/glibc-2.14/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
5.接下来就可以正常启动redis了
[work@zc-mc-face01 build]# cd ~/app/redis-2.8.13/src
[work@zc-mc-face01 src]# ./redis-server
[root@node00 src]# ./redis-trib.rb add-node --slave --master-id4f6424e47a2275d2b7696bfbf8588e8c4c3a5b95 172.168.63.202:7001172.168.63.202:7000
......
[OK] All nodes agree about slotsconfiguration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
Connecting to node 172.168.63.202:7001: OK
[ERR] Node 172.168.63.202:7001 is not empty. Either the nodealready
knows other nodes (check with CLUSTER NODES) or contains somekey in database 0.
解决方法：
1)、将需要新增的节点下aof、rdb等本地备份文件删除；
2)、同时将新Node的集群配置文件删除,即：删除你redis.conf里面cluster-config-file所在的文件；
3)、再次添加新节点如果还是报错，则登录新Node,./redis-cli–h
x –p对数据库进行清除：
172.168.63.201:7001> flushdb #清空当前数据库
./bin/redis-server ./conf/redis-6380.conf ;
./bin/redis-server ./conf/redis-6381.conf ;
./bin/redis-server ./conf/redis-6382.conf ;