MVC中配置OutputCache的VaryByParam参数无效的问题

在项目使用OutputCacheAttribute是遇到了问题,当我想在配置文件web.config中配置OutputCache的VaryByParam时竟然不起作用,下面是相关代码:

文件FaceController.cs

    [OutputCache(CacheProfile = "faceProfile")]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}

文件index.cshtml

<h2>@DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff")</h2>

web.config的cache配置

  <system.web>
<caching>
<outputCacheSettings>
<outputCacheProfiles>
<add name="faceProfile" duration ="180" varyByParam="none" enabled="true"/>
</outputCacheProfiles>
</outputCacheSettings>
</caching>
<system.web>

下面是我的测试:

请求 /face/index 页面,输出: 2014-08-02 18:40:56.184

再次请求 /face/index 页面,输出: 2014-08-02 18:40:56.184 (不变)

因为我指定了varyByParam="none",所以我添加参数或改变参数,输出的时间应该不变才对,可是:

请求 /face/index/?p=19999 页面,输出: 2014-08-02 18:42:29.720 (变了)

请求 /face/index/?p=10000 页面,输出: 2014-08-02 18:43:30.981 (变了)

请求 /face/index/?abcd 页面,输出: 2014-08-02 18:44:00.440 (变了)

请求结果随着参数的变化而变化,所以它应该是为每个参数都缓存了一个版本相当于设置了varyByParam="*"

从测试结果可以看出配置文件中设置的duration ="180"有起到作用,而varyByParam="none"没有起到作用.

然后我试着把varyByParam="none"直接写到代码里:

    [OutputCache( Duration=180,VaryByParam="none")]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}

这次结果它正确进行缓存页面,没有为每个参数缓存一个版本,这使我很困惑,然后我看了一下OutputCacheAttribute的源码,这里我贴出的是部分关键源码:

public class OutputCacheAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute, IExceptionFilter
{ private OutputCacheParameters _cacheSettings = new OutputCacheParameters { VaryByParam = "*" };
//_cacheSettings中的每个属性都以 CacheProfile 属性的方式再包装了一遍
//其余类似的属性我就不贴出来了
public string CacheProfile
{
get{return _cacheSettings.CacheProfile ?? String.Empty; }
set{_cacheSettings.CacheProfile = value;}
}
//省去了无关代码
public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext)
{
//省去了无关代码 using (OutputCachedPage page = new OutputCachedPage(_cacheSettings))
{
page.ProcessRequest(HttpContext.Current);
}
}
private sealed class OutputCachedPage : Page
{
private OutputCacheParameters _cacheSettings;
public OutputCachedPage(OutputCacheParameters cacheSettings)
{
// Tracing requires Page IDs to be unique.
ID = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
_cacheSettings = cacheSettings;
}
protected override void FrameworkInitialize()
{
// when you put the <%@ OutputCache %> directive on a page, the generated code calls InitOutputCache() from here
base.FrameworkInitialize();
InitOutputCache(_cacheSettings);
}
}
}

由上面的代码可以看出_cacheSettings根本就没从配置文件里读取,而是直接由 OutputCache( Duration=180,VaryByParam="none") 这样设置进去的,然后直接传人Page.InitOutputCache(cacheSettings)中,可见它直接使用asp.net以前的方式OutputCacheModule来实现缓存的,InitOutputCache中应该有去加载配置里面的设置, 然后看看cacheSettings的相应字段是否已经有合适的值了,如果没有则使用配置里边的值。而我们在使用OutputCache时,如果没有传人VaryByParam值,则它默认的值就为"*"(从cacheSettings初始化时看出来的) 。故代码:

    [OutputCache(CacheProfile = "faceProfile")]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}

相当于

    [OutputCache(CacheProfile = "faceProfile",VaryByParam = "*")]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}

配置里的VaryByParam的值是不会覆盖代码里面的VaryByParam的值的,所以才会出现我们测试时,对每个参数都进行缓存的情况。

解决办法:

  1. 把VaryByParam 就直接写入代码, 其他的参数在配置中来完成如:OutputCache(CacheProfile = "faceProfile", VaryByParam = "none")
  2. 自己实现一个OutputCacheAttritube

    下面就是我把OutputCacheAttritube源码做一些修改后满足自己需求的MySimpleCacheAttribute,不过它不适用于ChildAction,但我可以在配置文件中控制VaryByParam参数,改造后的代码如下:
namespace Mvc.Cache
{
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.UI;
using System;
using System.Web;
public class MySimpleCacheAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
private OutputCacheParameters _cacheSettings = new OutputCacheParameters();
public MySimpleCacheAttribute()
{
}
public string CacheProfile
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.CacheProfile ?? String.Empty;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.CacheProfile = value;
}
} internal OutputCacheParameters CacheSettings
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings;
}
}
public int Duration
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.Duration;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.Duration = value;
}
}
public OutputCacheLocation Location
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.Location;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.Location = value; }
}
public bool NoStore
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.NoStore;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.NoStore = value; }
}
public string SqlDependency
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.SqlDependency ?? String.Empty;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.SqlDependency = value;
}
}
public string VaryByContentEncoding
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.VaryByContentEncoding ?? String.Empty;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.VaryByContentEncoding = value;
}
}
public string VaryByCustom
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.VaryByCustom ?? String.Empty;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.VaryByCustom = value;
}
}
public string VaryByHeader
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.VaryByHeader ?? String.Empty;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.VaryByHeader = value;
}
}
public string VaryByParam
{
get
{
return _cacheSettings.VaryByParam ?? String.Empty;
}
set
{
_cacheSettings.VaryByParam = value;
}
}
public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext)
{
if (filterContext == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext");
}
if (!filterContext.IsChildAction)
{
using (OutputCachedPage page = new OutputCachedPage(_cacheSettings))
{
page.ProcessRequest(HttpContext.Current);
}
}
}
private sealed class OutputCachedPage : Page
{
private OutputCacheParameters _cacheSettings; public OutputCachedPage(OutputCacheParameters cacheSettings)
{
// Tracing requires Page IDs to be unique.
ID = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
_cacheSettings = cacheSettings;
} protected override void FrameworkInitialize()
{
base.FrameworkInitialize();
InitOutputCache(_cacheSettings);
}
}
}
}

使用:

    [MySimpleCache(CacheProfile = "faceProfile")]
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
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