JAVA实用案例之邮件发送

2023-08-07 13:20:16

最近有朋友问邮件怎么发送，就简单写了个demo，因为懒得找jar包，所以项目是创建的maven工程，具体的maven引用的jar如下：

<dependency>

    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>

    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>

    <version>1.4.4</version>

</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.mail/mail -->

<dependency>

    <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>

    <artifactId>mail</artifactId>

    <version>1.4</version>

</dependency>

然后代码见下：

1、整合demo

因为QQ是https所以中间多了一段，还有就是如果自己搭的邮件服务器可以填写密码，而不用授权码了，这里我是用的QQ邮箱，所以邮箱要先开启SMTP/POP3服务

package com.allan.until;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Authenticator;

import javax.mail.Message;

import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;

import javax.mail.Session;

import javax.mail.Transport;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

public class MailUtil  {

    private String email;// 收件人邮箱

    private String code;// 激活码

    public MailUtil(String email, String code) {

        this.email = email;

        this.code = code;

    }

    public void sendMail() {

        // 1.创建连接对象javax.mail.Session

        // 2.创建邮件对象 javax.mail.Message

        // 3.发送一封激活邮件

        String from = "XXX@qq.com";// 发件人电子邮箱

        String host = "smtp.qq.com"; // 指定发送邮件的主机smtp.qq.com(QQ)|smtp.163.com(网易)

        //Properties properties = System.getProperties();// 获取系统属性

        Properties properties =new Properties();

        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);// 设置邮件服务器

        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 打开认证

        try {

            //QQ邮箱需要下面这段代码，163邮箱不需要

            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();

            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);

            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");

            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            // 1.获取默认session对象

            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {

                public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {

                    return new PasswordAuthentication("XXX@qq.com", "XXX"); // 发件人邮箱账号、授权码

                }

            });

            // 2.创建邮件对象

            Message message = new MimeMessage(session);

            // 2.1设置发件人

            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

            // 2.2设置接收人

            message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(email));

            // 2.3设置邮件主题

            message.setSubject("账号激活");

            // 2.4设置邮件内容

            String content = "验证码："+ code;

            message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

            // 3.发送邮件

            Transport.send(message);

            System.out.println("邮件成功发送!");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

附件版：

package com.aitou.operation.utils;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;

import javax.activation.DataSource;

import javax.mail.BodyPart;

import javax.mail.Message;

import javax.mail.Multipart;

import javax.mail.Session;

import javax.mail.Transport;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

import javax.mail.util.ByteArrayDataSource;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

public class MailUtil {

    /**

     *

     * 方法名: sendMail

     * 描述: 发送邮件

     * 创建人: zhangzhuo

     * 参数: @param subject

     * 参数: @param toMail

     * 参数: @param content

     * 参数: @param files

     * 参数: @return

     * 返回类型: boolean

     */

    public static boolean sendMail(String fromMail, String password, String subject, String toMail, String content,

            List<InputStream> listIs, List<String> listName) {

        boolean isFlag = false;

        try {

            String smtpFromMail = fromMail;  //账号

            String pwd = password; //密码

            String host = "smtp.qq.com"; //端口    

            Properties props = new Properties();

            props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);

            props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

            //QQ邮箱

            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();

            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);

            props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");

            props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);

            session.setDebug(false);    

            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

            try {

                message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(smtpFromMail));

                message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toMail));

                message.setSubject(subject);

                message.addHeader("charset", "UTF-8");

                /*添加正文内容*/

                Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

                BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();

                contentPart.setText(content);

                //contentPart.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");

                multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);

                /*添加附件*/

                for (int i = 0; i < listIs.size(); i++) {

                    MimeBodyPart fileBody = new MimeBodyPart();

                    DataSource source = new ByteArrayDataSource(listIs.get(i), "application/msexcel");

                    fileBody.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));

                    String fileName  = listName.get(i);

                    // 中文乱码问题

                    fileBody.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fileName));

                    multipart.addBodyPart(fileBody);

                }

                message.setContent(multipart);

                message.setSentDate(new Date());

                message.saveChanges();

                Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");

                transport.connect(host, smtpFromMail, pwd);

                transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

                transport.close();

                isFlag = true;

            } catch (Exception e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

                isFlag = false;

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return isFlag;

    }

}

2、spring整合javamail

工具提取：

public class MailUtil {

    /**

     * 发送电子邮件

     * @param addr 收件人地址

     * @param subject 主题

     * @param text 内容

     * @throws MessagingException

     */

    public static void sendMail(String addr,String subject,String text) throws MessagingException{

        Properties props=new Properties();

        props.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp.sina.com");

        props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");

        Session session=Session.getInstance(props);

        //构造信息体&nbsp;

        MimeMessage message =new MimeMessage(session);

         //发件地址&nbsp;

        Address address = new InternetAddress("wwwitcastcn@sina.com");

        message.setFrom(address);

        //收件地址&nbsp;

        Address toAddress = new InternetAddress(addr);

        message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);

        //主题&nbsp;

        message.setSubject(subject);

        //正文&nbsp;

        message.setText(text);

        message.saveChanges();

        Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");

        transport.connect("smtp.sina.com", "wwwitcastcn@sina.com", "itcast"); //发送&nbsp;

        transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

        transport.close();

    }

}

Spring对javamail的支持：

Spring邮件抽象层的主要包为org.springframework.mail。它包括了发送电子邮件的主要接口MailSender，和其对象SimpleMailMessage，它封装了简单邮件的属性如from, to,cc, subject,text。包里还包含一棵以MailException为根的checked Exception继承树，它们提供了对底层邮件系统异常的高级别抽象。要获得关于邮件异常层次的更丰富的信息。

为了使用JavaMail中的一些特色, 比如MIME类型的信件, spring提供了MailSender的一个子接口, 即org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender。Spring还提供了一个回调接口org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessagePreparator, 用于准备JavaMail的MIME信件。

这里简单的介绍了如何使用spring发送各种形式的邮件以及配置。

1、在src目录下建立mail.properties文件里边包含一下内容

mail.host=smtp.qq.com

mail.username=你的邮箱名
mail.password=你的邮箱密码
mail.from=发送方的邮箱

2、使用spring配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans

          xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

          xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

 <!-- 加载Properties文件 -->

    <beanid="configurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

        <propertyname="locations">

            <list>

                <value>classpath:mail.properties</value>

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <beanid="mailMessage"class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">

        <propertyname="from">

            <value>${mail.from}</value>

        </property>

        <!-- 查看SimpleMailMessage源码还可以注入标题,内容等 -->

    </bean>

    <!-- 申明JavaMailSenderImpl对象 -->

    <beanid="mailSender"class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">

        <propertyname="defaultEncoding"value="UTF-8"/>

        <propertyname="host"value="${mail.host}"/>

        <propertyname="username"value="${mail.username}"/>

        <propertyname="password"value="${mail.password}"/>

        <propertyname="javaMailProperties">

            <props>

                <!-- 设置认证开关 -->

                <propkey="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop>

                <!-- 启动调试开关 -->

                <propkey="mail.debug">true</prop>

                <!-- 设置发送延时 -->

                <propkey="mail.smtp.timeout">0</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

3、发送简单邮件

importjavax.mail.MessagingException;

importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importorg.springframework.mail.MailSender;

importorg.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

public class SingleMailSend {

    static ApplicationContext actx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

    static MailSender sender = (MailSender) actx.getBean("mailSender");

    static SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = (SimpleMailMessage) actx.getBean("mailMessage");

    public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException {

        mailMessage.setSubject("??");

        mailMessage.setText("这个是一个通过Spring框架来发送邮件的小程序"); 
　　　　 mailMessage.setTo("XXX@qq.com"); 
　　　　 sender.send(mailMessage);
 } 
}

4、发送带有图片的邮件，以嵌入HTML的方式

importjava.io.File;
importjavax.mail.MessagingException;
importjavax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; 

public class SpringAttachedImageMail {       

public static voidmain(String[] args) throws MessagingException {                
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");              
 JavaMailSenderImpl sender = (JavaMailSenderImpl) ctx.getBean("mailSender");               
MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();               
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true);               
messageHelper.setFrom("9197****1@qq.com");               
messageHelper.setTo("9197****1@qq.com");                
messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!！");// true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件               
messageHelper.setText("<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!spring image html mail</h1>" 
　　　　　　　　　　　　+"<a href=http://www.baidu.com>baidu</a>"  
　　　　　　　　　　　　+ "<img src=cid:image/></body></html>", true);                
FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("单.png"));                
messageHelper.addInline("image", img);//跟cid一致                
sender.send(mailMessage);               
System.out.println("邮件发送成功...");       
}
}

5、发送带附件的邮件

importjava.io.File; 
importjavax.mail.MessagingException;
importjavax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; 

public class SpringAttachedImageMail {       

public static voidmain(String[] args) throws MessagingException {                
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");               
JavaMailSenderImpl sender = (JavaMailSenderImpl) ctx.getBean("mailSender");               
MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage();               
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true);               
messageHelper.setFrom("9197****1@qq.com");               
messageHelper.setTo("9197****1@qq.com");                
messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!！");// true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件               
messageHelper.setText("<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!spring image html mail</h1>"                                            
　　　　　　　　　　　　+"<a href=http://www.baidu.com>baidu</a>"  
　　　　　　　　　　　　+ "<img src=cid:image/></body></html>", true);                
FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("单.png"));                
messageHelper.addAttachment("单.png", file);//添加到附件                
sender.send(mailMessage);               
System.out.println("邮件发送成功...");       
}
}

个人备份：

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;

import javax.activation.DataSource;

import javax.mail.BodyPart;

import javax.mail.Message;

import javax.mail.Multipart;

import javax.mail.Session;

import javax.mail.Transport;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

import javax.mail.util.ByteArrayDataSource;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

public class MailUtil {

    /**

     *

     * 方法名: sendMail

     * 描述: 发送邮件

     * 创建人: zhangzhuo

     * 参数: @param subject

     * 参数: @param toMail

     * 参数: @param content

     * 参数: @param files

     * 参数: @return

     * 返回类型: boolean

     * @throws BaseException

     */

    public static boolean sendMail(String fromMail, String password, String subject, String toMail, String content,

            List<InputStream> listIs, List<String> listName) throws Exception {

        boolean isFlag = false;

        String smtpFromMail = fromMail;//账号

        String pwd = password; //密码

        String host = "smtp.qq.com"; //端口

        Properties props = new Properties();

        props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);

        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

        //QQ邮箱

        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();

        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);

        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");

        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);

        session.setDebug(false);    

        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

        try {

            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(smtpFromMail));

            message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toMail));

            message.setSubject(subject);

            message.addHeader("charset", "UTF-8");

            /*添加正文内容*/

            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

            BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();

            contentPart.setText(content);

            //contentPart.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");

            multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);

            /*添加附件*/

            for (int i = 0; i < listIs.size(); i++) {

                MimeBodyPart fileBody = new MimeBodyPart();

                DataSource source = new ByteArrayDataSource(listIs.get(i), "application/msexcel");

                fileBody.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));

                String fileName  = listName.get(i);

                // 中文乱码问题

                fileBody.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fileName));

                multipart.addBodyPart(fileBody);

            }

            message.setContent(multipart);

            message.setSentDate(new Date());

            message.saveChanges();

            Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");

            transport.connect(host, smtpFromMail, pwd);

            transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

            transport.close();

            isFlag = true;

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            isFlag = false;

        }

        return isFlag;

    }

}

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