Maven 版 JPA 最佳实践(转)

2023-08-07 08:35:16

项目结构图

Maven 版 JPA 最佳实践(转)

数据库环境

  • 数据库：MySQL
  • 版本：5.x
  • 数据库名：jpa-demo
  • 用户名密码：root/1234

代码清单 1：数据库脚本：

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/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
 
Source Server : localhost
Source Server Version : 50525
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : jpa-demo
 
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50525
File Encoding : 65001
 
Date: 2014-11-20 20:09:27
*/
 
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `address`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`;
CREATE TABLE `address` (
`addressID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(55) NOT NULL,
`street` varchar(55) NOT NULL,
`zip` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`addressID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of address
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('1', '深圳', '坂田市场', '518001');
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('2', '深圳', '坂田路口', '518002');
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('3', '深圳', '四季花城', '518003');
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `userinfo`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `userinfo`;
CREATE TABLE `userinfo` (
`userID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`sex` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
`addressID` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`userID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of userinfo
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('1', '张金雄', null, 'male', '1');
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('2', '李某某', null, 'male', '2');
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('3', '王某某', '2006-08-10 00:00:00', 'female', '3');
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('4', '陈某某', '2006-08-12 00:00:00', 'male', '3');

源代码

代码清单 2：pom.xml

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<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.coderdream</groupId>
<artifactId>jpa-demo</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>jpa-demo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.17</mysql.version>
<slf.version>1.7.5</slf.version>
<toplink.essentials.version>2.1-60f</toplink.essentials.version>
</properties>
 
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId>
<artifactId>toplink-essentials</artifactId>
<version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId>
<artifactId>toplink-essentials-agent</artifactId>
<version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf.version}</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>jpa-demo</finalName>
</build>
</project>

代码清单 3：persistence.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
version="1.0">
 
<persistence-unit name="piscesPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<provider>
oracle.toplink.essentials.PersistenceProvider
</provider>
<class>com.coderdream.model.UserInfo</class>
<class>com.coderdream.model.Address</class>
<properties>
<!-- 数据库连接配置, JDBC驱动 -->
<property name="toplink.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<!-- 数据库连接配置,URL -->
<property name="toplink.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa-demo" />
<!-- 数据库连接配置, 用户名 -->
<property name="toplink.jdbc.user" value="root" />
<!-- 数据库连接配置, 密码 -->
<property name="toplink.jdbc.password" value="1234" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
 
</persistence>

代码清单 4：Address.java

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package com.coderdream.model;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
 
@Entity
public class Address implements Serializable {
// 地址id, 不能为空, 必须唯一
@Id
@Column(name = "addressid", unique = true, nullable = false)
private int addressid;
 
// 城市, 不能为空
@Column(name = "city", nullable = false)
private String city;
 
// 街道, 不能为空
@Column(name = "street", nullable = false)
private String street;
 
// 邮政编码, 不能为空
@Column(name = "zip", nullable = false)
private String zip;
 
public Address() {
}
 
public Address(int addressid) {
this.setAddressid(addressid);
}
 
public int getAddressid() {
return this.addressid;
}
 
public void setAddressid(int addressid) {
this.addressid = addressid;
}
 
public String getCity() {
return this.city;
}
 
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
 
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
 
public void setStreet(String street) {
this.street = street;
}
 
public String getZip() {
return this.zip;
}
 
public void setZip(String zip) {
this.zip = zip;
}
 
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return this.addressid;
}
 
@Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
if (!(object instanceof Address))
return false;
final Address other = (Address) object;
return this.addressid == other.addressid;
}
 
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address[addressid=" + getAddressid() + ", city='" + getCity() + "', street='" + getStreet() + "', zip='" + getZip() + "";
}
}

代码清单 5：UserInfo.java

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package com.coderdream.model;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import static javax.persistence.CascadeType.*;
 
@Entity
public class UserInfo implements Serializable {
// 用户id, 不能为空, 必须唯一
@Id
@Column(name = "userid", unique = true, nullable = false)
private int userid;
 
// 用户名, 不能为空
@Column(name = "userName", nullable = false)
private String userName;
 
// 性别, 不能为空
@Column(name = "sex", nullable = false)
private String sex;
 
// 出生日期, 可以为空
@Column(name = "birthday")
private Timestamp birthday;
 
// 地址, 不能为空
// PERSIST 表示更新、新增UserInfo数据时会同时更新、新增Address的数据
// REMOVE 表示从数据库删除UserInfo会同时删除Address表中对应的数据
@OneToOne(cascade = { PERSIST, REMOVE })
@JoinColumn(name = "addressID", nullable = false)
private Address address;
 
public UserInfo() {
}
 
public UserInfo(int userid) {
this.setUserid(userid);
}
 
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return this.getUserid();
}
 
@Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
if (!(object instanceof UserInfo))
return false;
final UserInfo other = (UserInfo) object;
return this.userid == other.userid;
}
 
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo[userid=" + this.userid + ", userName='" + userName + "', sex='" + sex + "', birthday=" + birthday + ", address="
+ address + "";
}
 
public int getUserid() {
return userid;
}
 
public void setUserid(int userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
 
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
 
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
 
public Timestamp getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
 
public void setBirthday(Timestamp birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
 
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
 
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
 
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
 
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
}

代码清单 6：SimpleService.java

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package com.coderdream.service;
 
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
 
import com.coderdream.model.Address;
import com.coderdream.model.UserInfo;
 
public class SimpleService {
 
/**
* 删除用户id=6的数据
*/
public static void delete() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
// 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常
UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo.class, 6);
try {
em.getTransaction().begin();
em.remove(info);
em.getTransaction().commit();
} finally {
em.close();
}
}
 
/**
* 修改用户id=6的数据
*/
public static void update() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
// 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常
UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo.class, 6);
info.setUserName("哈哈");
info.getAddress().setStreet("坂田2");
try {
em.getTransaction().begin();
// 自动将info更新到数据库
em.getTransaction().commit();
} finally {
em.close();
}
}
 
/**
* 查询所有用户数据
*/
public static void query() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 数据库连接失败这里会抛出异常
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
long e = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("连接数据库耗时: " + (e - s) + "毫秒");
// 获取数据
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<UserInfo> list = em.createQuery("SELECT a FROM UserInfo a").getResultList();
int i = 0;
for (UserInfo info : list) {
System.out.println("第" + (++i) + "个值为: " + info);
}
em.close();
}
 
/**
* 创建用户id=6的一条数据, 地址id=6
*/
public static void create() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
 
UserInfo info = new UserInfo(6);
info.setSex("male");
info.setUserName("张某某");
info.setBirthday(new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
Address naddr = new Address(6);
naddr.setCity("深圳");
naddr.setStreet("坂田");
naddr.setZip("518000");
info.setAddress(naddr);
 
try {
em.getTransaction().begin();
em.persist(info);
em.getTransaction().commit();
} finally {
em.close();
}
}
 
/**
* 主函数
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
SimpleService.query();
SimpleService.create();
System.out.println("新增一条数据后进行查询");
SimpleService.query();
SimpleService.update();
System.out.println("修改一条数据后进行查询");
SimpleService.query();
SimpleService.delete();
System.out.println("删除一条数据后进行查询");
SimpleService.query();
}
}

运行结果

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[TopLink Info]: 2014.11.20 08:24:08.134--ServerSession(1112823384)--TopLink, version: Oracle TopLink Essentials - 2.1 (Build 60f (01/07/2009))
[TopLink Info]: 2014.11.20 08:24:08.822--ServerSession(1112823384)--file:/E:/E_441_64/workspace/jpa-demo/target/classes/-piscesPU login successful
连接数据库耗时: 1264毫秒
第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
新增一条数据后进行查询
连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒
第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
第5个值为: UserInfo[userid=6, userName='张某某', sex='male', birthday=2014-11-20 20:24:09.102, address=Address[addressid=6, city='深圳', street='坂田', zip='518000
修改一条数据后进行查询
连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒
第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
第5个值为: UserInfo[userid=6, userName='哈哈', sex='male', birthday=2014-11-20 20:24:09.102, address=Address[addressid=6, city='深圳', street='坂田2', zip='518000
删除一条数据后进行查询
连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒
第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003

完整工程源代码

下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/xuxiheng/8181849

参考文档

  1. 在Java SE环境下使用JPA1.0(1)

  2. Toplink JPA简介

http://www.cnblogs.com/ctoroad/p/4111447.html

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