[转]linux /proc/cpuinfo 文件分析

在Linux系统中,提供了proc文件系统显示系统的软硬件信息。如果想了解系统中CPU的提供商和相关配置信息,则可以通过/proc/cpuinfo文件得到。本文章针对该文件进行简单的总结。

基于不同指令集(ISA)的CPU产生的/proc/cpuinfo文件不一样,基于X86指令集CPU的/proc/cpuinfo文件包含如下内容:

# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5- @ .40GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2400.000
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
apicid :
initial apicid :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dts
bogomips : 4800.00
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management:

以上输出项的含义如下:

processor

系统中逻辑处理核的编号。对于单核处理器,则课认为是其CPU编号,对于多核处理器则可以是物理核、或者使用超线程技术虚拟的逻辑核

vendor_id

CPU制造商

cpu family

 CPU产品系列代号

model

 CPU属于其系列中的哪一代的代号

model name

 CPU属于的名字及其编号、标称主频

stepping

 CPU属于制作更新版本

cpu MHz

 CPU的实际使用主频

cache size

 CPU二级缓存大小

physical id

 单个CPU的标号

siblings

 单个CPU逻辑物理核数

core id

 当前物理核在其所处CPU中的编号,这个编号不一定连续

cpu cores

 该逻辑核所处CPU的物理核数

apicid

 用来区分不同逻辑核的编号,系统中每个逻辑核的此编号必然不同,此编号不一定连续

fpu

 是否具有浮点运算单元(Floating Point Unit)

fpu_exception

 是否支持浮点计算异常

cpuid level

 执行cpuid指令前,eax寄存器中的值,根据不同的值cpuid指令会返回不同的内容

wp

 表明当前CPU是否在内核态支持对用户空间的写保护(Write Protection)

flags

当前CPU支持的功能,CUP信息中flags各项含义

fpu: Onboard (x87) Floating Point Unit

vme: Virtual Mode Extension

de: Debugging Extensions

pse: Page Size Extensions

tsc: Time Stamp Counter: support for RDTSC and WRTSC instructions

msr: Model-Specific Registers

pae: Physical Address Extensions: ability to access 64GB of memory; only 4GB can be accessed at a time though

mce: Machine Check Architecture

cx8: CMPXCHG8 instruction

apic: Onboard Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller

sep: Sysenter/Sysexit Instructions; SYSENTER is used for jumps to kernel memory during system calls, and SYSEXIT is used for jumps: back to the user code

mtrr: Memory Type Range Registers

pge: Page Global Enable

mca: Machine Check Architecture

cmov: CMOV instruction

pat: Page Attribute Table

pse36: 36-bit Page Size Extensions: allows to map 4 MB pages into the first 64GB RAM, used with PSE.

pn: Processor Serial-Number; only available on Pentium 3

clflush: CLFLUSH instruction

dtes: Debug Trace Store

acpi: ACPI via MSR

mmx: MultiMedia Extension

fxsr: FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions

sse: Streaming SIMD Extensions. Single instruction multiple data. Lets you do a bunch of the same operation on different pieces of input: in a single clock tick.

sse2: Streaming SIMD Extensions-2. More of the same.

selfsnoop: CPU self snoop

acc: Automatic Clock Control

IA64: IA-64 processor Itanium.

ht: HyperThreading. Introduces an imaginary second processor that doesn’t do much but lets you run threads in the same process a  bit quicker.

nx: No Execute bit. Prevents arbitrary code running via buffer overflows.

pni: Prescott New Instructions aka. SSE3

vmx: Intel Vanderpool hardware virtualization technology

svm: AMD “Pacifica” hardware virtualization technology

lm: “Long Mode,” which means the chip supports the AMD64 instruction set

tm: “Thermal Monitor” Thermal throttling with IDLE instructions. Usually hardware controlled in response to CPU temperature.

tm2: “Thermal Monitor 2″ Decrease speed by reducing multipler and vcore.

est: “Enhanced SpeedStep”

bogomips

 在系统内核启动时粗略测算的CPU速度(Million Instructions Per Second)

clflush size

 每次刷新缓存的大小单位

cache_alignment

 缓存地址对齐单位

address sizes

 可访问地址空间位数

power management

对能源管理的支持,有以下几个可选支持功能:

  ts:  temperature sensor

  fid:   frequency id control

  vid:  voltage id control

  ttp:  thermal trip

  tm:

  stc:

  100mhzsteps:

  hwpstate:

根据以上内容,我们则可以很方便的知道当前系统关于CPU、CPU的核数、CPU是否启用超线程等信息。

例1:查询系统具有多少个逻辑核

# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'processor' | wc -l

说明:processor表示系统中逻辑核编号,wc -l统计行数,由此得到逻辑核个数

例2:查询系统CPU的物理核数

# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'cpu cores' | uniq
cpu cores :

说明:cpu cores表示逻辑核所处cpu的物理核数目,uniq表示去重,由此得到一个cup物理核的数目

例3:查询系统CPU是否启用超线程

DEV:/home/mak_sn> cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -e 'cpu cores'  -e 'siblings' | sort | uniq
cpu cores :
siblings :

说明:

1.如果cpu cores数量和siblings数量一致,则没有启用超线程,否则超线程被启用。

2.cup cores表示cpu物理核,siblings表示逻辑物理核,grep -e表示多个条件或,选出来的结果先sort排序,然后uniq去重。

例4:查询系统CPU的个数

# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l

说明:physical id表示单个cpu的标号,排序去重,然后统计行数,得到系统cpu的个数。

查询系统CPU是否支持某项功能,则根以上类似,输出结果进行sort, uniq和grep就可以得到结果。

【/proc/cpuinfo内容举例】

,Intel(R) Xeon(R) X5355
processor  :
vendor_id  : GenuineIntel
cpu famil  :
model     :
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping   :
cpu MHz   : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings   :
core id   :
cpu cores  :
fpu      : yes
fpu_exception  : yes
cpuid level   :
wp      : yes
flags    : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5338.26
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.75
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.67
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.68
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.67
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.68
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.69
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5355 @ .66GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2666.766
cache size : KB
physical id :
siblings :
core id :
cpu cores :
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 cx16 xtpr dca lahf_lm
bogomips : 5333.68
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management:
, Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 @ .80GHz
processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management: processor :
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family :
model :
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU @ .80GHz
stepping :
cpu MHz : 2807.024
cache size : KB
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level :
wp : yes
flags : fpu de tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr mca cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni est ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt hypervisor lahf_lm ida
bogomips : 5614.04
clflush size :
cache_alignment :
address sizes : bits physical, bits virtual
power management:
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