9.2 Critical-Value Approach to Hypothesis Testing
example:
对于mean 值 275 的假设:
有一个关于sample mean的distribution:
已知population 标准差和sample size=25的情况下:
标准型Z为:
其中,significant level=5%,已知的mean 即为Ho假设中的值且population 标准差已经提供
存在这样的mean distribution:
通过term 解释得到:
Obtaining Critical Values
此时重新理解significant level:即前提是已知H0为真,但是由于sample 问题导致z值落入reject region,此时的 significant level 为由于由于sample 问题导致z值落入reject region 的概率
Keep in mind, however, that because of the central limit theorem, the one-mean z-test will work reasonably well when the sample size is large, regardless of the distribution of the variable
example:
Determine the critical value(s) for a one-mean z-test at the 5% significance level(α = 0.05) if the test is
一般的:
常用的z分布:
所以假设检验的一般步骤是: