You can to set and query the MAC address of ESP32 in various ways. As follows：

1 Use the AT commands to set and query the MAC address of the ESP32 device

1.1 Use the AT command to set and query the MAC address of the Wi-Fi Station mode

• Use the AT+CIPSTAMAC="22:33:44:55:66:77" command to set the MAC address of the Wi-Fi Station mode.
• Use the AT+CIPSTAMAC? command to query the MAC address of the Wi-Fi Station mode.

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1.2 Use the AT command to set and query the MAC address of the Wi-Fi SoftAP mode

• Use the AT+CIPAPMAC="22:33:44:55:66:77" command to set the MAC address of the Wi-Fi SoftAP mode.
• Use the AT+CIPAPMAC? command to query the MAC address of the Wi-Fi SoftAP mode.

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1.3 Use the AT command to set and query the MAC address of Ethernet

• Use the AT+CIPETHMAC="1a:fe:35:98:d4:7b" command to set the MAC address of the Ethernet.
• Use the AT+CIPETHMAC? command to query the MAC address of the Ethernet.

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1.4 Use the AT command to set and query the MAC address of BLE (BT) mode

• **Use the AT+BLEADDR=1,"f8:7f:24:87:1c:7b" command to set the MAC address of the BLE (BT) mode **
• Use the AT+BLEADDR? command to query the MAC address of the BLE（BT） mode.

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1.5 Use the AT command to query the MAC address of the ESP32 device in current mode

The MAC address in current mode can be queried only after the ESP32 obtains the valid interface information .

• Use the AT+CIFSR command to query the MAC address of the ESP32 device in current mode.

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2 Use the esptool to set and query the MAC address of the ESP32 device

You can run the espefuse.py --h command to query the usage of related commands firstly. As follows：

2.1 Use the esptool to query the default MAC address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered.

• Use the espefuse.py summary to query the default MAC address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered. As follows：
  
• The default MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK0 is base_mac. The default base_mac is the MAC address of the Wi-Fi Station mode. You can obtain the MAC address of the Wi-Fi SoftAP mode, Bluetooth mode, and Ethernet based on the MAC address of the Wi-Fi Station mode. Please refer to the " MAC Address " instructions. As follows：

2.2 Use the esptool to set a Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3

• Use the espefuse.py burn_custom_mac 12:22:33:44:55:66 command to set a Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3. As follows：

Note: The Bit 1 cannot be 1 in EFUSE BLOCK3

2.3 Use the esptool to query the Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3

• Use the espefuse.py get_custom_mac command to query the Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3 . As follows：
  
• Or use the espefuse.py summary command can also query the Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3 . As follows：
  

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3 Use the related APIs to set and query the MAC address of the ESP32 device

• Use the esp_base_mac_addr_set(uint8_t *mac); API to set a Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3 as base_mac . This base_mac default is the MAC address of Wi-Fi Station mode. For example:

  	“ esp_base_mac_addr_set（12：22：33：44：55：FF）“，
  

• The MAC addresses of other modes are as follows:

  >  STA（FF）
  >  AP（FF + 1 -> 01）
  >  BT（FF + 2 -> 02）
  >  ETH（FF + 3 -> 03）`（not-carry）`
  

Please refer to the " MAC Address " instructions. As follows：

• Therefore：

  "esp_wifi_set_mac(ESP_IF_WIFI_STA, 12:22:33:44:55:FF)"
  "esp_wifi_set_mac(ESP_IF_WIFI_AP, 12:22:33:44:55:01)"
  

• Use the esp_efuse_mac_get_custom(uint8_t *mac) API to query the Custom MAC address in EFUSE BLOCK3 .

• Use the esp_base_mac_addr_get(uint8_t *mac) API to query the base_mac of the ESP32 device. If no Custom Base MAC has been set, this will returns the default MAC address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered（base_mac）.

• Use the esp_read_mac(uint8_t *mac, esp_mac_type_t type) API first query the base_mac address using esp_base_mac_addr_get(uint8_t *mac) .

• Use the esp_efuse_mac_get_default(uint8_t *mac) to query the default MAC address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered.

  Note：Use the esp_efuse_mac_get_default(uint8_t *mac) to query the default MAC address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered is a unique MAC address in the world.

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4 使用 NVS 写入 MAC 地址

4 Write MAC addresses using NVS

• Build a specific NVS partition table to write MAC addresses
• Then use the “ nvs_get_str（nvs_handle_thandle，const char * key，char * out_value，size_t * length）” function to read the specific NVS partition table to get the MAC address written to a specific NVS partition table.
• Please refer to the “NVS Partition Generator Utility” to learn the application of NVS.

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【MAC Address】

• By scanning the QR code on the ESP32 module, we can also get the default " base_mac " address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered .
• The default base_mac address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered is the MAC address of Wi-Fi Station mode. The " base_mac, +1 to the last octet " is the MAC address of Wi-Fi SoftAP mode. The " base_mac, +2 to the last octet " is the MAC address of BLE（BT） mode. The " base_mac, +3 to the last octet " is the MAC address of Ethernet .
• The default MAC address written into the EFUSE BLOCK0 before the ESP32 device is delivered is a unique MAC address in the world, and each batch is different.