一，用数据库实现权限管理要注意哪些环节?
1，需要生成spring security中user类的派生类，用来保存用户id和昵称等信息，
避免页面上显示用户昵称时需要查数据库
2,如果需要在页面上显示用户的登录信息,
需要自定义一个interceptor,
把用户的昵称等信息添加到 modelandview
3,普通用户的角色，即默认的权限，因为每个用户都具有，
就不要写入到数据表中，
避免数据量大时查询缓慢
说明：刘宏缔的架构森林是一个专注架构的博客，地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/architectforest
对应的源码可以访问这里获取： https://github.com/liuhongdi/
说明：作者:刘宏缔 邮箱: 371125307@qq.com
二，演示项目的相关信息
1,项目地址:
https://github.com/liuhongdi/securitylogin
2,项目功能说明
演示了使用数据库实现的用户RBAC权限管理
三种页面：
无权限限制页面：任何人都可访问
需登录页面：修改密码等：登录才可以访问
有权限限制页面：必须授予相应的角色后才能访问
3,项目结构：如图:
三，配置文件说明
1,pom.xml
<!--security begin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--thymeleaf begin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--validation begin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mysql mybatis begin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON解析fastjson begin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.72</version>
</dependency>
2,application.properties
#thymeleaf
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML
spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html #mysql
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/security?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=lhddemo
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver #mybatis
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:/mapper/*Mapper.xml
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.example.demo.mapper #error
server.error.include-stacktrace=always
#log
logging.level.org.springframework.web=trace
3,数据库：
表结构：
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
`userId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
`userName` varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户名',
`password` varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '密码',
`nickName` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '昵称',
PRIMARY KEY (`userId`),
UNIQUE KEY `userName` (`userName`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='用户表'
添加数据 ：
INSERT INTO `sys_user` (`userId`, `userName`, `password`, `nickName`) VALUES
(1, 'lhd', '$2a$10$yGcOz3ekNI6Ya67tqQueS.raxyTOedGsv5jh2BwtRrI5/K9QEIPGq', '老刘'),
(2, 'admin', '$2a$10$yGcOz3ekNI6Ya67tqQueS.raxyTOedGsv5jh2BwtRrI5/K9QEIPGq', '管理员'),
(3, 'merchant', '$2a$10$yGcOz3ekNI6Ya67tqQueS.raxyTOedGsv5jh2BwtRrI5/K9QEIPGq', '商户老张');
说明：3个密码都是111111，仅供演示使用，大家在生产环境中一定不要这样设置
CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (
`urId` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
`userId` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '用户id',
`roleName` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '角色id',
PRIMARY KEY (`urId`),
UNIQUE KEY `userId` (`userId`,`roleName`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='用户角色关联表'
插入数据:
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` (`urId`, `userId`, `roleName`) VALUES
(1, 2, 'ADMIN'),
(2, 3, 'MERCHANT');
四，java代码说明
1，WebSecurityConfig.java
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
private final static BCryptPasswordEncoder ENCODER = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
@Resource
private UserLoginFailureHandler userLoginFailureHandler;//登录失败的处理类
@Resource
private UserLoginSuccessHandler userLoginSuccessHandler;//登录成功的处理类
@Resource
private UserLogoutSuccessHandler userLogoutSuccessHandler;//退出成功的处理类
@Resource
private UserAccessDeniedHandler userAccessDeniedHandler;//无权访问的处理类
@Resource
private SecUserDetailService secUserDetailService; //用户信息类，用来得到UserDetails //指定加密的方式，避免出现:There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id "null"
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){//密码加密类
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
} @Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//static
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/css/**","/js/**","/img/**")//静态资源等不需要验证
.permitAll();
//permitall
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/home/**")//permitall
.permitAll();
//login
http.formLogin()
.loginPage("/login/login")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login/logined")//发送Ajax请求的路径
.usernameParameter("username")//请求验证参数
.passwordParameter("password")//请求验证参数
.failureHandler(userLoginFailureHandler)//验证失败处理
.successHandler(userLoginSuccessHandler)//验证成功处理
.permitAll(); //登录页面用户任意访问
//logout
http.logout()
.logoutUrl("/login/logout")
.logoutSuccessUrl("/login/logout")
.logoutSuccessHandler(userLogoutSuccessHandler)//登出处理
.deleteCookies("JSESSIONID")
.clearAuthentication(true)
.invalidateHttpSession(true)
.permitAll();
//有角色的用户才能访问
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
.antMatchers("/merchant/**").hasAnyRole("MERCHANT","ADMIN"); //其他任何请求,登录后可以访问
http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated();
//accessdenied
http.exceptionHandling().accessDeniedHandler(userAccessDeniedHandler);//无权限时的处理
//user detail
http.userDetailsService(secUserDetailService);
//rememberme
//图形验证码
//http.csrf().disable();
} @Resource
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(secUserDetailService).passwordEncoder(new PasswordEncoder() {
@Override
public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) {
return ENCODER.encode(charSequence);
}
//密码匹配，看输入的密码经过加密与数据库中存放的是否一样
@Override
public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) {
return ENCODER.matches(charSequence,s);
}
});
}
}
2,SecUser.java
public class SecUser extends User {
//用户id
private int userid;
//用户昵称
private String nickname;
public SecUser(String username, String password, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
super(username, password, authorities);
}
public SecUser(String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired, boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
super(username, password, enabled, accountNonExpired, credentialsNonExpired, accountNonLocked, authorities);
}
public String getNickname() {
return nickname;
}
public void setNickname(String nickname) {
this.nickname = nickname;
}
public int getUserid() {
return userid;
}
public void setUserid(int userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
}
spring security中User类的子类，增加了用户id和昵称，
需要保存到session中的信息，在这里扩展
目的是避免在每个页面上显示用户信息需要查数据库
3,SecUserDetailService.java
/**
* Created by liuhongdi on 2020/07/09.
*/
@Component("SecUserDetailService")
public class SecUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService{
@Resource
private SysUserService sysUserService;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//查库
SysUser oneUser = sysUserService.getOneUserByUsername(s);//数据库查询 看用户是否存在
String encodedPassword = oneUser.getPassword();
Collection<GrantedAuthority> collection = new ArrayList<>();//权限集合
//用户权限：需要加 ROLE_
List<String> roles = oneUser.getRoles();
//System.out.println(roles);
for (String roleone : roles) {
GrantedAuthority grantedAuthority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_"+roleone);
collection.add(grantedAuthority);
}
//增加用户的userid,nickname
SecUser user = new SecUser(s,encodedPassword,collection);
user.setUserid(oneUser.getUserId());
user.setNickname(oneUser.getNickName());
return user;
}
}
4,UserAccessDeniedHandler.java
@Component("UserAccessDeniedHandler")
public class UserAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
boolean isAjax = ServletUtil.isAjax();
//System.out.println("isajax:"+isAjax);
if (isAjax == true) {
ServletUtil.printRestResult(RestResult.error(ResponseCode.ACCESS_DENIED));
} else {
ServletUtil.printString(ResponseCode.ACCESS_DENIED.getMsg());
}
}
}
5,UserLoginFailureHandler.java
@Component("UserLoginFailureHandler")
public class UserLoginFailureHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
//System.out.println("UserLoginFailureHandler");
ServletUtil.printRestResult(RestResult.error(ResponseCode.LOGIN_FAIL));
}
}
6,UserLoginSuccessHandler.java
@Component("UserLoginSuccessHandler")
public class UserLoginSuccessHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
//System.out.println("UserLoginSuccessHandler");
ServletUtil.printRestResult(RestResult.success(0,"登录成功"));
}
}
7,UserLogoutSuccessHandler.java
@Component("UserLogoutSuccessHandler")
public class UserLogoutSuccessHandler implements LogoutSuccessHandler{
@Override
public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
httpServletRequest.getSession().invalidate();
ServletUtil.printRestResult(RestResult.success(0,"退出成功"));
}
}
8,WebInterceptor.java
@Component
public class WebInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
//如果view不为空，把登录信息传递给模板
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
if (modelAndView != null) {
ModelMap modelMap = modelAndView.getModelMap();
SecUser currentUser = SessionUtil.getCurrentUser();
if (currentUser != null) {
modelMap.addAttribute("is_login","1");
modelMap.addAttribute("login_username",currentUser.getNickname());
} else {
modelMap.addAttribute("is_login","0");
modelMap.addAttribute("login_username","");
}
}
}
}
负责把传递页面公共部分显示的数据到模板
9,login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
<title>登录页面</title>
<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="/js/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
body {
padding-top: 50px;
}
.starter-template {
padding: 40px 15px;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
<!-- CSRF -->
<meta name="_csrf" th:content="${_csrf.token}"/>
<!-- default header name is X-CSRF-TOKEN -->
<meta name="_csrf_header" th:content="${_csrf.headerName}"/>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container">
<div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li><a href="/home/home"> 首页 </a></li>
</ul>
</div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<div class="starter-template">
<h2>使用账号密码登录</h2>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username">账号</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username" value="" placeholder="账号" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="password">密码</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" placeholder="密码" />
</div>
<button name="formsubmit" value="登录" onclick="go_login()" >登录</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function go_login(){
if ($("#username").val() == "") {
alert('用户名不可为空');
$("#username").focus();
return false;
}
if ($("#password").val() == "") {
alert('密码不可为空');
$("#password").focus();
return false;
}
var postdata = {
username:$("#username").val(),
password:$("#password").val(),
}
var csrfToken = $("meta[name='_csrf']").attr("content");
var csrfHeader = $("meta[name='_csrf_header']").attr("content");
$.ajax({
type:"POST",
//type:"GET",
url:"/login/logined",
data:postdata,
//返回数据的格式
datatype: "json",//"xml", "html", "script", "json", "jsonp", "text".
beforeSend: function(request) {
request.setRequestHeader(csrfHeader, csrfToken); // 添加 CSRF Token
},
success:function(data){
if (data.code == 0) {
alert('login success:'+data.msg);
window.location.href="/home/home";
} else {
alert("failed:"+data.msg);
}
},
//调用执行后调用的函数
complete: function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus){
},
//调用出错执行的函数
error: function(){
//请求出错处理
alert('error');
}
});
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
10,页面上用到的其他代码，可以移步github.com上查看
五，测试效果
1,访问首页:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/home/home
未登录时：
2，以普通用户lhd登录:
访问:管理员首页/商户首页，都会得到提示
无权访问
访问修改密码 页面，可以访问
3,以merchant用户登录：
role是MERCHANT
访问:管理员首页，提示:
无权访问
访问商户首页:可以访问
访问修改密码 页面，可以访问
4，以admin用户登录:
role是ADMIN
访问管理员首页:可以访问
访问商户首页:可以访问
访问修改密码 页面，可以访问
六，查看spring boot版本:
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.3.1.RELEASE)