服务链路跟踪 && 服务监控

2023-08-04 16:11:46

服务链路跟踪

背景

微服务以微出名，在实际的开发过程中，涉及到成百上千个服务，网络请求引起服务之间的调用极其复杂。

当请求不可用或者变慢时，需要及时排查出故障服务点成为了微服务维护的一大难关。

服务链路跟踪技术应运而生。

ZipKin

Zipkin 是一个开放源代码分布式的跟踪系统，由Twitter公司开源，它致力于收集服务的定时数据，以解决微服务架构中的延迟问题，包括数据的收集、存储、查找和展现。

每个服务向zipkin报告计时数据，zipkin会根据调用关系通过Zipkin UI生成依赖关系图，显示了多少跟踪请求通过每个服务，该系统让开发者可通过一个 Web 前端轻松的收集和分析数据，例如用户每次请求服务的处理时间等，可方便的监测系统中存在的瓶颈。

Zipkin提供了可插拔数据存储方式：In-Memory、MySql、Cassandra以及Elasticsearch。接下来的测试为方便直接采用In-Memory方式进行存储，生产推荐Elasticsearch。

快速入门

在Zuul集群的代码上进行修改：https://github.com/HCJ-shadow/Zuul-Gateway-Cluster-Nginx

创建zipkin-server
pom【zipkin】

<parent>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

    <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>

    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->

</parent>

<properties>

    <java.version>1.8</java.version>

    <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version>

</properties>

<dependencies>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

        <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>

    </dependency>

    <!--        Eureka客户端启动需要依赖web模块-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>

    </dependency>

</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>

            <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>

            <type>pom</type>

            <scope>import</scope>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</dependencyManagement>

<build>

    <plugins>

        <plugin>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

        </plugin>

    </plugins>

</build>

yaml

eureka:

  client:

    serviceUrl:

      defaultZone: http://eureka2001.com:2001/eureka/,http://eureka2002.com:2002/eureka/,http://eureka2003.com:2003/eureka/

server:

  port: 9001

spring:

  application:

    name: zipkin-server

主启动类@EnableZipkinServer

package zkrun.top;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

import zipkin2.server.internal.EnableZipkinServer;

@EnableEurekaClient

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableZipkinServer

public class App_Zipkin_9001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(App_Zipkin_9001.class,args);

    }

}

向其他服务注入Zipkin监控

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>

</dependency>

spring:

  zipkin:

    base-url: http://localhost:9001

访问

localhost:9001

服务监控

创建msc-springboot-admin-10001
pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>zkrun.top</groupId>

    <artifactId>msc-springboot-admin-10001</artifactId>

    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

        <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>

        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->

    </parent>

    <properties>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <!--        Eureka客户端启动需要依赖web模块-->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>

            <version>2.1.5</version>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>

        <dependencies>

            <dependency>

                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>

                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>

                <type>pom</type>

                <scope>import</scope>

            </dependency>

        </dependencies>

    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>

        <plugins>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

            </plugin>

        </plugins>

    </build>

</project>

yaml

server:

  port: 10001

spring:

  application:

    name: admin-server

  zipkin:

    base-url: http://localhost:9001

eureka:

  client:

    service-url:

      defaultZone: http://eureka2001.com:2001/eureka/,http://eureka2002.com:2002/eureka/,http://eureka2003.com:2003/eureka/

  instance:

    instance-id: admin-server-10001

    prefer-ip-address: true     #访问路径可以显示IP地址

management:

  endpoint:

    health:

      show-details: always

  endpoints:

    web:

      exposure:

        include: ["health","info"]

主类@EnableAdminServer

package zkrun.top;

import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.config.EnableAdminServer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableAdminServer

@EnableEurekaClient

public class App_Admin_10001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(App_Admin_10001.class,args);

    }

}

依次启动Eureka，provider，zuul，zipkin，admin

访问Eureka

http://localhost:2001/

访问

http://localhost:10001

代码参考：https://github.com/Noneplus/JavaDev-Note/tree/master/SpringCloud代码

码农公寓

服务链路跟踪

背景

ZipKin

快速入门

服务监控

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