一、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端，它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign，只需要创建一个接口并注解。
它具有可插拔的注解特性，可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。
Feign默认集成了Ribbon，并和Eureka结合，默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之：
- Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
- Feign 整合了ribbon
二、准备工作
使用之前做好的项目文件， 启动eureka-server，端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次，端口分别为8762 、8763.
三、创建一个feign的服务
新建一个spring-boot工程，取名为serice-feign，在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka、Web的起步依赖spring-boot-starter-web，代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
<artifactId>service-feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging> <name>service-feign</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent> <properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties> <dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build> <repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories> </project>
在工程的配置文件application.yml文件，指定程序名为service-feign，端口号为9900，服务注册地址为http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ，代码如下：
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 9900
spring:
application:
name: service-feign
在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ，加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能：
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ServiceFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
定义一个feign接口，通过@ FeignClient（“服务名”），来制定使用哪个Eureka客户端服务
接口方法上加上@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)表示调用路径为/hi的方法get方式 传递参数为 String name
代码如下：
/**
* Created by fangzhipeng on 2017/4/6.
*/
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
@Service
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
在Web层的controller层，对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口，通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下：
@RestController
public class HiController { @Autowired
SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name);
}
}
启动程序，使用postMan工具多次多次访问http://localhost:9900/hi?name=kksks 交替显示调用8762 8763
hi kksks,i am from port:8762
hi kksksi am from port:8763