当Service不需要支持并发操作时Messenger会非常有用。Messenger类使用Handler执行每个传入的消息,所有客户端的调用都按顺序运行在同一个线程上,这和AIDL是有区别的,AIDL每个客户端对应一个线程。使用Messenger类还能避免AIDL文件带来的问题,并可以方便地为客户端提供异步消息API。虽然没有那么强大,但该类有时候会很有效,因为它更容易在客户端和Service实现。
下面的例子展示了如何使用Messenger类来提供异步API。首先在onCreate()方法中创建Messenger,然后在onBind()方法中返回Binder对象。当Messenger接受到消息时,它使用存储在replyTo成员变量里的Messenger对象响应客户端的请求。
public class MessengerService extends Service {
private Handler mMessageHandler;
private Messenger mMessenger;
public MessengerService() {
} @Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return this.mMessenger.getBinder();
} @Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
HandlerThread handlerThread=new HandlerThread("MessengerService");
handlerThread.start();
this.mMessageHandler=new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper(),new MyhandlerCallback());
this.mMessenger=new Messenger(this.mMessageHandler);
} @Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
this.mMessageHandler.getLooper().quit();
} private class MyhandlerCallback implements Handler.Callback{
@Override
public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
boolean delivered=false;
switch (msg.what){
case :
//执行具体的任务
delivered=true;
break;
case :
//执行具体的任务
break;
}
Message reply=Message.obtain(null,);//生成消息
try {
msg.replyTo.send(reply);//反馈给客户端
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
}
}
服务器端配置文件代码如下:<service
android:name=".MessengerService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.example.liyuanjing.myapplication.MESSENGER_SERVICE"/>
</intent-filter>
</service>
下例中,客户端首先绑定到Service,然后使用IBinder作为参数构建一个Messenger对象,作为运行在远程Service中的Messenager的代理。当向Service发送消息时,也可以设置Message对象的replyTo属性。
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements ServiceConnection {
private Button start;
private Messenger mRemoteMessenger;
private Messenger mReplyMessenger;
private Handler mReplyHandler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
this.start=(Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
HandlerThread handlerThread=new HandlerThread("ReplyMessenger");
handlerThread.start();
this.mReplyHandler=new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper(),new ReplyHandlerCallback());
this.mReplyMessenger=new Messenger(this.mReplyHandler);
} @Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
bindService(new Intent("com.example.liyuanjing.myapplication.MESSENGER_SERVICE"),this,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
} @Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
unbindService(this);
} @Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
this.mReplyHandler.getLooper().quit();
} public void onSendTextPressed(View v){
Message message=Message.obtain();
message.what=;
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putInt("key",);
message.obj=bundle;
message.replyTo=mReplyMessenger;
try {
mRemoteMessenger.send(message);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} @Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
this.mRemoteMessenger=new Messenger(service);
this.start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
onSendTextPressed(v);
}
});
} @Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
this.mRemoteMessenger=null;
}
private class ReplyHandlerCallback implements Handler.Callback{
@Override
public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case :
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"接受到了",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break;
}
return true;
}
}
}
注意必须用Bundle传递常规类型数据,否则会报错:
java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't marshal non-Parcelable objects across processes.
因为Binder事务传递的数据被称为包裹(Parcel),必须实现Parcelable接口,否则无法在两个应用之间进行通信。之所以用Bundle传递是因为该类实现了Parcelable接口。当然如果要传递类也必须实现该接口。
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