一个实现图像灰度处理并归类于某已知相似图片的程序
软件：matlab2017a
算法：HU检索图像算法、Zernike算法
资料：
①：
matlab遍历文件夹下所有图片和遍历所有子文件夹下图片 - 专于技术，相信自我 - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/tansuoxinweilai/p/9990191.html
②：
matlab设计gui文本框，怎么获取文本框输入的字符呢？_百度知道
https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/751372596254114212.html
③
ARMA Model Specifications - MATLAB & Simulink - MathWorks 中国
https://ww2.mathworks.cn/help/econ/arma-models.html?searchHighlight=arma&s_tid=doc_srchtitle
④：
MATLAB产生各种分布的随机数 - 百度文库
https://wenku.baidu.com/view/daa8cfeb02020740bf1e9b70.html
HU算法：用返回的七维向量作为一个图像的特征
1 %**************************************************************************
2 %图像检索——形状特征提取
3 %利用HU的七个不变矩作为形状特征向量
4 %Image : 输入图像数据
5 %n: 返回七维形状特征行向量
6 %**************************************************************************
7 function n = Shape(Image)
8
9 Image = imread('C:\Users\linuas\Desktop\test.jpg');
10 [M,N,O] = size(Image);
11 M = 256;
12 N = 256;
13
14 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 %彩色图像灰度化
16 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
17 Gray = double(0.3*Image(:,:,1)+0.59*Image(:,:,2)+0.11*Image(:,:,3));
18
19 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
20 %用Canny边缘检测提取边缘保留边缘灰度图像
21 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
22 % BW = uint8(edge(Gray,'canny'));
23 Egray = uint8(edge(Gray,'canny'));
24 for i = 1:M
25 for j = 1:N
26 if Egray(i,j)==0
27 Gray(i,j)=0;
28 end
29 end
30 end
31
32 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
33 %Otsu提出的类判别分析法自动为每一幅廓图像选定阈值，然后用该阈值对图像二值化
34 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 %计算灰度级归一化直方图
36 for i = 0:255
37 h(i+1) = size(find(Gray==i),1);
38 end
39 p = h/sum(h);
40 %计算灰度均值
41 ut = 0;
42 for i = 0:255
43 ut = i*p(i+1)+ut;
44 end
45 %计算直方图的零阶累积矩和一阶累积矩：
46 for k = 0:254
47 w(k+1) = sum(p(1:k+1));
48 u(k+1) = sum((0:k).*p(1:k+1));
49 end
50 %计算类分离指标
51 deltaB = zeros(1,255);
52 for k = 0:254
53 if w(k+1)~=0&w(k+1)~=1
54 deltaB(k+1) = (ut*w(k+1)-u(k+1))^2/(w(k+1)*(1-w(k+1)));
55 end
56 end
57 [value,thresh] = max(deltaB);
58 % deltaB = zeros(1,255);
59 % delta1 = zeros(1,255);
60 % delta2 = zeros(1,255);
61 % deltaW = zeros(1,255);
62 % for k = 0:254
63 % if w(k+1)~=0&w(k+1)~=1
64 % deltaB(k+1) = (ut*w(k+1)-u(k+1))^2/(w(k+1)*(1-w(k+1)));
65 % delta1(k+1) = 0;
66 % delta2(k+1) = 0;
67 % for i = 0:k
68 % delta1(k+1) = (i-u(k+1)/w(k+1))^2*p(i+1)+delta1(k+1);
69 % end
70 % for i = k+1:255
71 % delta2(k+1) = (i-(ut-u(k+1))/(1-w(k+1)))^2*p(k+1)+delta2(k+1);
72 % end
73 % deltaW(k+1) = delta1(k+1)+delta2(k+1);
74 % end
75 % end
76 % for i = 1:255
77 % if deltaB==0
78 % yita=0;
79 % else
80 % yita(i) = 1/(1+deltaW(i)./deltaB(i));
81 % end
82 % end
83 % % D的最大值作为最佳阈值
84 % [value,thresh] = max(yita);
85
86 %对图像二值化
87 for i = 1:M
88 for j = 1:N
89 if Gray(i,j)>=thresh
90 BW(i,j) = 1;
91 else
92 BW(i,j) = 0;
93 end
94 end
95 end
96
97 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
98 %计算图像质心:(I,J)
99 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 m00 = sum(sum(BW)); %零阶矩
101 m01 = 0; %一阶矩
102 m10 = 0; %一阶矩
103 for i = 1:M
104 for j = 1:N
105 m01 = BW(i,j)*j+m01;
106 m10 = BW(i,j)*i+m10;
107 end
108 end
109 I = (m10)/(m00);
110 J = m01/m00;
111
112 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
113 %中心矩：
114 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
115 u11 = 0;
116 u20 = 0; u02 = 0;
117 u30 = 0; u03 = 0;
118 u12 = 0; u21 = 0;
119 for i = 1:M
120 for j = 1:N
121 u20 = BW(i,j)*(i-I)^2+u20;
122 u02 = BW(i,j)*(j-J)^2+u02;
123 u11 = BW(i,j)*(i-I)*(j-J)+u11;
124 u30 = BW(i,j)*(i-I)^3+u30;
125 u03 = BW(i,j)*(j-J)^3+u03;
126 u12 = BW(i,j)*(i-I)*(j-J)^2+u12;
127 u21 = BW(i,j)*(i-I)^2*(j-J)+u21;
128 end
129 end
130 u20 = u20/m00^2;
131 u02 = u02/m00^2;
132 u11 = u11/m00^2;
133 u30 = u30/m00^(5/2);
134 u03 = u03/m00^(5/2);
135 u12 = u12/m00^(5/2);
136 u21 = u21/m00^(5/2);
137 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
138 %7个Hu不变矩：
139 %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
140 n(1) = u20+u02;
141 n(2) = (u20-u02)^2+4*u11^2;
142 n(3) = (u30-3*u12)^2+(u03-3*u21)^2;
143 n(4) = (u30+u12)^2+(u03+u21)^2;
144 n(5) = (u30-3*u12)*(u30+u12)*((u30+u12)^2-3*(u03+u21)^2)+(u03-3*u21)*(u03+u21)*((u03+u21)^2-3*(u30+u12)^2);
145 n(6) = (u20-u02)*((u30+u12)^2-(u03+u21)^2)+4*u11*(u30+u12)*(u03+u21);
146 n(7) = (3*u21-u03)*(u30+u12)*((u30+u12)^2-3*(u03+u21)^2)+(u30-3*u12)*(u03+u21)*((u03+u21)^2-3*(u30+u12)^2);% %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
147 % %内部归一化：
148 % %--------------------------------------------------------------------------
149 en = mean(n);
150 delta = sqrt(cov(n));
151 n = abs(n-en)/(3*delta);