导入模块，设置中文和负号显示。

1 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2 import numpy as np
3 import pandas as pd
4 
5 plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["Microsoft YaHei"]
6 plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

一、单图

1，线型图

 1 plt.figure()
 2 
 3 x = np.arange(10)
 4 y = np.arange(10)*2
 5 
 6 plt.plot(x,marker='o',linestyle='dashed',linewidth=1,color='r',label='red')
 7 plt.plot(y,marker='s',linestyle='dashed',linewidth=1,color='b',label='blue')
 8 
 9 plt.xlim(0,10)
10 plt.ylim(0,20)
11 #plt.xticks(rotation=45)
12 plt.xlabel('日期',fontsize=20)
13 plt.ylabel('金额',fontsize=20)
14 plt.grid(True,axis='y')
15 plt.annotate('hu\nyuan',xy=(4,13),xytext=(2,15),arrowprops=dict(facecolor='blue',width=1,headwidth=6))
16 plt.legend(loc='best')
17 #plt.legend(loc='upper left')

 

2，直方图

1 plt.figure()
2 x=[1,1,4,1,5,7,3,3,5,4,9,20]
3 plt.hist(x,bins=20,rwidth=0.8,color='gray')

3，柱形图

 1 plt.figure()
 2 
 3 x=list('abcdefghi')
 4 height=[1,3,2,1,5,6,7,3,6]
 5 
 6 plt.bar(x,height,width=0.8, color='gray',label='score')
 7 plt.xlabel('student')
 8 plt.ylabel('score')
 9 plt.legend()
10 
11 plt.barh(x,height, color='gray',label='score')
12 plt.xlabel('student')
13 plt.ylabel('score')
14 plt.legend()

 

4，饼图

1 plt.figure()
2 
3 x=[0.2,0.4,0.2,0.1,0.1]
4 y=['a','b','c','d','e']
5 plt.pie(x,labels=y,autopct='%3.2f%%')

5，散点图

1 plt.figure()
2 
3 x=[1,2,3,4,5]
4 y=[2,3,4,6,8]
5 plt.scatter(x,y)
6 plt.xlim(0,10)
7 plt.ylim(0,10)

6，箱形图

1 plt.figure()
2 
3 x=[[0.1,5,10],[5,10,100]]
4 y=['a','b']
5 plt.boxplot(x,labels=y)