上一篇介绍了几种Advice(增强),并通过代码演示了生成代理的方式,下面来看通过配置文件配置方式把Advice织入目标类。
注意,配置文件方式仍然不是spring AOP的最好方式,学习配置方式也是为了循序渐进的掌握内核技术。
接口SmartCar
- public interface SmartCar {
- void lock(String userName);
- }
实现类MyCar
- public class MyCar implements SmartCar {
- @Override
- public void lock(String userName) {
- System.out.println(userName + "锁车");
- }
- }
定义了两个增强,一个在锁车方法前执行,提示检查窗户是否关闭,一个在锁车方法后执行,"哔哔"声提示锁车成功
- public class BeforeAdviceDemo implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
- @Override
- public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object obj)
- throws Throwable {
- System.out.println("请检查窗户是否关好");
- }
- }
- public class AfterAdviceDemo implements AfterReturningAdvice {
- @Override
- public void afterReturning(Object returnObj, Method method, Object[] args,
- Object obj) throws Throwable {
- System.out.println("哔哔");
- }
- }
applicationContext.xml: 用配置文件来声明代理
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
- <bean id="beforeAdvice" class="demo.aop.BeforeAdviceDemo" />
- <bean id="afterAdvice" class="demo.aop.AfterAdviceDemo" />
- <bean id="target" class="demo.aop.MyCar" />
- <bean id="myCar" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"
- p:target-ref="target"
- p:proxyTargetClass="true">
- <property name="interceptorNames">
- <list>
- <idref local="beforeAdvice" />
- <idref local="afterAdvice" />
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
测试代码
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("demo/aop/applicationContext.xml");
- SmartCar myCar = (SmartCar)context.getBean("myCar");
- myCar.lock("Tom");
- }
执行结果
- 请检查窗户是否关好
- Tom锁车
- 哔哔
配置文件中首先声明了3个bean,分别是增强的目标类和两个增强,没有特别的配置内容。重点是ProxyFactoryBean的配置,来看看它可配置的属性和用法。
target | 目标对象,ref另一个bean |
proxyTargetClass | 是否对类进行代理(而不是对接口),true或false,设置为true时,使用CGLib代理技术 |
interceptorNames | 织入目标对象的Advice(实现了Advisor或者MethodInterceptor接口的bean) |
proxyInterfaces | 代理所要实现的接口,如果指定了proxyTargetClass=true,此属性会被忽略 |
optimize | 设置为true时,强制使用CGLib代理技术 |
下面再分别增加一个环绕增强和一个异常抛出增强。
先修改MyCar类,使它能够抛出异常,粗心的约翰会忘记锁车而抛出一个异常
- public class MyCar implements SmartCar {
- @Override
- public void lock(String userName) {
- if(userName.equals("Careless John")) {
- throw new RuntimeException(userName + "忘记锁车");
- } else {
- System.out.println(userName + "锁车");
- }
- }
- }
环绕增强类
- public class AroundAdviceDemo implements MethodInterceptor {
- @Override
- public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
- Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
- String name = (String)args[0];
- System.out.print("Hey, " + name);
- Object obj = invocation.proceed(); //调用目标方法
- System.out.println("Goodbye! " + name);
- return obj;
- }
- }
异常抛出增强
- public class ThrowsAdviceDemo implements ThrowsAdvice {
- public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, Exception ex) throws Throwable {
- System.out.println("捕获异常:" + ex.getMessage());
- System.out.println("(报警)滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴");
- }
- }
applicationContext.xml
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
- <bean id="beforeAdvice" class="demo.aop.BeforeAdviceDemo" />
- <bean id="afterAdvice" class="demo.aop.AfterAdviceDemo" />
- <bean id="aroundAdvice" class="demo.aop.AroundAdviceDemo" />
- <bean id="throwsAdvice" class="demo.aop.ThrowsAdviceDemo" />
- <bean id="target" class="demo.aop.MyCar" />
- <bean id="myCar" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"
- p:target-ref="target"
- p:proxyTargetClass="true">
- <property name="interceptorNames">
- <list>
- <idref local="aroundAdvice" />
- <idref local="throwsAdvice" />
- <idref local="beforeAdvice" />
- <idref local="afterAdvice" />
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
测试代码
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("demo/aop/applicationContext.xml");
- SmartCar myCar = (SmartCar)context.getBean("myCar");
- myCar.lock("Tom");
- System.out.println("-------------------------");
- myCar.lock("Careless John");
- }
运行结果
- Hey, Tom请检查窗户是否关好
- Tom锁车
- 哔哔
- Goodbye! Tom
- -------------------------
- Hey, Careless John请检查窗户是否关好
- 捕获异常:Careless John忘记锁车
- (报警)滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴
除了上面的四种增强,还有一种特殊的引介增强(Introduction),在下一篇中单独介绍