在之前的几篇security教程中,资源和所对应的权限都是在xml中进行配置的,也就在http标签中配置intercept-url,试想要是配置的对象不多,那还好,但是平常实际开发中都往往是非常多的资源和权限对应,而且写在配置文件里面写改起来还得该源码配置文件,这显然是不好的。因此接下来,将用数据库管理资源和权限的对应关系。数据库还是接着之前的,用mysql数据库,因此也不用另外引入额外的jar包。
一、数据库表的设计
数据库要提供给security的数据无非就是,资源(说的通俗点就是范围资源地址)和对应的权限,这里就有两张表,但是因为他们俩是多对多的关系,因此还要设计一张让这两张表关联起来的表,除此之外,还有一张用户表,有因为用户和角色也是多对多的关系,还要额外加一张用户和角色关联的表。这样总共下来就是五张表。下面就是对应的模型图:
建表和添加数据的sql语句:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `resc`;
CREATE TABLE `resc` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`res_type` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`res_string` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
`descn` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of resc
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `resc` VALUES ('', '', 'URL', '/adminPage.jsp', '管理员页面');
INSERT INTO `resc` VALUES ('', '', 'URL', '/index.jsp', '');
INSERT INTO `resc` VALUES ('', null, 'URL', '/test.jsp', '测试页面'); -- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for resc_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `resc_role`;
CREATE TABLE `resc_role` (
`resc_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`role_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`resc_id`,`role_id`),
KEY `fk_resc_role_role` (`role_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_resc_role_role` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_resc_role_resc` FOREIGN KEY (`resc_id`) REFERENCES `resc` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of resc_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('', '');
INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('', '');
INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('', '');
INSERT INTO `resc_role` VALUES ('', ''); -- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`descn` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('', 'ROLE_ADMIN', '管理员角色');
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('', 'ROLE_USER', '用户角色');
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('', 'ROLE_TEST', '测试角色'); -- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_c3p0
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_c3p0`;
CREATE TABLE `t_c3p0` (
`a` char(1) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_c3p0
-- ---------------------------- -- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`status` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`descn` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('', 'admin', 'admin', '', '管理员');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('', 'user', 'user', '', '用户');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('', 'test', 'test', '', '测试'); -- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
`user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`role_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`role_id`),
KEY `fk_user_role_role` (`role_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_user_role_role` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_user_role_user` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ----------------------------
-- Records of user_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('', '');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('', '');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('', '');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('', '');
二、实现从数据库中读取资源信息
Spring Security需要的数据无非就是pattern和access类似键值对的数据,就像配置文件中写的那样:
<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY" />1
<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
其实当项目启动时,Spring Security所做的就是在系统初始化时,将以上XML中的信息转换为特定的数据格式,而框架中其他组件可以利用这些特定格式的数据,用于控制之后的验证操作。现在我们将这些信息存储在数据库中,因此就要想办法从数据库中查询这些数据,所以根据security数据的需要,只需要如下sql语句就可以:
select re.res_string,r.name from role r,resc re,resc_role rr where
r.id=rr.role_id and re.id=rr.resc_id
在数据中执行这条语句做测试,得到如下结果:
这样的格式正是security所需要的数据。
三、构建一个数据库的操作的类
虽然上述的数据符合security的需要,但是security将这种数据类型进行了封装,把它封装成Map<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>这样的类型,其中RequestMatcher接口就是我们数据库中的res_string,其实现类为AntPathRequestMatcher,构建一个这样的对象只要在new的时候传入res_string就可以了,Collection<ConfigAttribute>这里对象构建起来就也是类似的,构建一个ConfigAttribute对象只需要在其实现类SecurityConfig创建的时候传入角色的名字就可以。代码如下:
package com.zmc.demo; import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.jdbc.object.MappingSqlQuery; import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.AntPathRequestMatcher;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.RequestMatcher; /**
* @classname JdbcRequestMapBulider
* @author ZMC
* @time 2017-1-10
* 查询资源和角色,并构建RequestMap
*/
public class JdbcRequestMapBulider
extends JdbcDaoSupport{
//查询资源和权限关系的sql语句
private String resourceQuery = ""; public String getResourceQuery() {
return resourceQuery;
} //查询资源
public List<Resource> findResources() {
ResourceMapping resourceMapping = new ResourceMapping(getDataSource(),
resourceQuery);
return resourceMapping.execute();
} //拼接RequestMap
public LinkedHashMap<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> buildRequestMap() {
LinkedHashMap<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> requestMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(); List<Resource> resourceList = this.findResources();
for (Resource resource : resourceList) {
RequestMatcher requestMatcher = this.getRequestMatcher(resource.getUrl());
List<ConfigAttribute> list = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>();
list.add(new SecurityConfig(resource.getRole()));
requestMap.put(requestMatcher, list);
}
return requestMap;
}
//通过一个字符串地址构建一个AntPathRequestMatcher对象
protected RequestMatcher getRequestMatcher(String url) {
return new AntPathRequestMatcher(url);
} public void setResourceQuery(String resourceQuery) {
this.resourceQuery = resourceQuery;
} /**
* @classname Resource
* @author ZMC
* @time 2017-1-10
* 资源内部类
*/
private class Resource {
private String url;//资源访问的地址
private String role;//所需要的权限 public Resource(String url, String role) {
this.url = url;
this.role = role;
} public String getUrl() {
return url;
} public String getRole() {
return role;
}
} private class ResourceMapping extends MappingSqlQuery {
protected ResourceMapping(DataSource dataSource,
String resourceQuery) {
super(dataSource, resourceQuery);
compile();
}
//对结果集进行封装处理
protected Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rownum)
throws SQLException {
String url = rs.getString(1);
String role = rs.getString(2);
Resource resource = new Resource(url, role);
return resource;
}
} }
说明:
- resourceQuery是查询数据的sql语句,该属性在配置bean的时候传入即可。
- 内部创建了一个resource来封装数据。
- getRequestMatcher方法就是用来创建RequestMatcher对象的
- buildRequestMap方法用来最后拼接成LinkedHashMap<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>共security使用。
四、替换原有功能的切入点
在讲这部分之前,先得了解大概下security的运行过程,我们知道Spring Security核心就是一系列的过滤器链。当一个请求来的时候,首先要通过过滤器链的校验,校验通过之后才会访问用户各种信息。
当用户登陆的时候,会被AuthenticationProcessingFilter拦截,调用AuthenticationManager的实现类。
同时AuthenticationManager会调用ProviderManager来获取用户验证信息,其中不同的Provider调用的服务不同,因为这些信息可以是在数据库上,可以是在LDAP服务器上,可以是xml配置文件上等,这个例子中就是为数据库。
如果验证通过后会将用户的权限信息放到spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder中,以备后面访问资源时使用。
当访问资源,访问url时,会通过AbstractSecurityInterceptor拦截器拦截,其中会调用FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的方法来获取被拦截url所需的全部权限,其中FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的常用的实现类为DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource,这个类中有个很关键的东西就是requestMap,也就是我们上面所得到的数据,在调用授权管理器AccessDecisionManager,这个授权管理器会通过spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder获取用户的权限信息,还会获取被拦截的url和被拦截url所需的全部权限,然后根据所配的策略,如果权限足够,则返回,权限不够则报错并调用权限不足页面。
根据源码debug跟踪得出,其实资源权限关系就放在DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的requestMap,中的,这个requestMap就是我们JdbcRequestMapBulider.buildRequestMap()方法所需要的数据类型,因此,顺气自然就想到了我们自定义一个类继承FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource接口,将数据查出的数据放到requestMap中去。制定类MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource继承FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource和InitializingBean接口。
更多流程参阅:Spring Security教程(八):用户认证流程源码详解
package com.zmc.demo; import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.RequestMatcher; /**
* @classname MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource
* @author ZMC
* @time 2017-1-10
*/
public class MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource implements
FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource, InitializingBean { private final static List<ConfigAttribute> NULL_CONFIG_ATTRIBUTE = null;
// 资源权限集合
private Map<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> requestMap; //查找数据库权限和资源关系
private JdbcRequestMapBulider builder; /*
* (non-Javadoc)
* @see
* org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource#getAttributes
* (java.lang.Object)
* 更具访问资源的地址查找所需要的权限
*/
@Override
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
final HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) object)
.getRequest(); Collection<ConfigAttribute> attrs = NULL_CONFIG_ATTRIBUTE;
for (Map.Entry<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> entry : requestMap
.entrySet()) {
if (entry.getKey().matches(request)) {
attrs = entry.getValue();
break;
}
}
return attrs;
} /*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource#
* getAllConfigAttributes()
* 获取所有的权限
*/
@Override
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
Set<ConfigAttribute> allAttributes = new HashSet<ConfigAttribute>();
for (Map.Entry<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> entry : requestMap
.entrySet()) {
allAttributes.addAll(entry.getValue());
}
System.out.println("总共有这些权限:"+allAttributes.toString());
return allAttributes;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource#supports(java
* .lang.Class)
*/
@Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
}
//绑定requestMap
protected Map<RequestMatcher, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> bindRequestMap() { return builder.buildRequestMap();
} /*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet()
*/
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
this.requestMap = this.bindRequestMap();
} public void refreshResuorceMap() {
this.requestMap = this.bindRequestMap();
} //get方法
public JdbcRequestMapBulider getBuilder() {
return builder;
} //set方法
public void setBuilder(JdbcRequestMapBulider builder) {
this.builder = builder;
} }
说明:
- requestMap这个属性就是用来存放资源权限的集合
- builder为JdbcRequestMapBulider类型,用来查找数据库权限和资源关系
- 其他的代码中都有详细的注释
四、配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd"> <http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"></http>
<http auto-config="false">
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp" default-target-url="/index.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true" />
<logout invalidate-session="true" logout-success-url="/login.jsp"
logout-url="/j_spring_security_logout" />
<!-- 通过配置custom-filter来增加过滤器,before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"表示在SpringSecurity默认的过滤器之前执行。 -->
<custom-filter ref="filterSecurityInterceptor" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR" />
</http> <!-- 数据源 -->
<beans:bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<!-- 此为c3p0在spring中直接配置datasource c3p0是一个开源的JDBC连接池 -->
<beans:property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<beans:property name="jdbcUrl"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecuritydemo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
<beans:property name="user" value="root" />
<beans:property name="password" value="" />
<beans:property name="maxPoolSize" value="50"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="minPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="initialPoolSize" value="10"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="maxIdleTime" value="25000"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="acquireIncrement" value="1"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="30"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="acquireRetryDelay" value="1000"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="testConnectionOnCheckin" value="true"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="18000"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="checkoutTimeout" value="5000"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="automaticTestTable" value="t_c3p0"></beans:property>
</beans:bean> <beans:bean id="builder" class="com.zmc.demo.JdbcRequestMapBulider">
<beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<beans:property name="resourceQuery"
value="select re.res_string,r.name from role r,resc re,resc_role rr where
r.id=rr.role_id and re.id=rr.resc_id" />
</beans:bean> <!-- 认证过滤器 -->
<beans:bean id="filterSecurityInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor">
<!-- 用户拥有的权限 -->
<beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="accessDecisionManager" />
<!-- 用户是否拥有所请求资源的权限 -->
<beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager" />
<!-- 资源与权限对应关系 -->
<beans:property name="securityMetadataSource" ref="securityMetadataSource" />
</beans:bean> <!-- 授权管理器 -->
<beans:bean class="com.zmc.demo.MyAccessDecisionManager" id="accessDecisionManager">
</beans:bean>
<!--认证管理-->
<authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager">
<authentication-provider>
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource" id="usersService"
users-by-username-query="select username,password,status as enabled from user where username = ?"
authorities-by-username-query="select user.username,role.name from user,role,user_role
where user.id=user_role.user_id and
user_role.role_id=role.id and user.username=?" />
</authentication-provider>
</authentication-manager>
<!--自定义的切入点-->
<beans:bean id="securityMetadataSource"
class="com.zmc.demo.MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource">
<beans:property name="builder" ref="builder"></beans:property>
</beans:bean> </beans:beans>
1.http中的custom-filter是特别要注意的,就是通过这个标签来增加过滤器的,其中before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"表示在SpringSecurity默认的过滤器之前执行。
2.在配置builder时候,resourceQuery就是要查询的sql语句,dataSource为数据源。其他的如authenticationManager在之前的博客配置中就有详细讲解。
3.在配置认证过滤器的时候,accessDecisionManager,authenticationManager,securityMetadataSource这三个属性是必填项,若缺失会报错。其中authenticationManager就是authentication-manager标签,securityMetadataSource
是自定义的MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource,authenticationManager这里还没有定义,因此再创建一个类叫MyAccessDecisionManager,代码如下:
package com.zmc.demo; import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator; import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority; /**
* @classname MyAccessDecisionManager
* @author ZMC
* @time 2017-1-10
*
*/
public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager { /* (non-Javadoc)
* @see org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager#decide(org.springframework.security.core.Authentication, java.lang.Object, java.util.Collection)
* 该方法决定该权限是否有权限访问该资源,其实object就是一个资源的地址,authentication是当前用户的
* 对应权限,如果没登陆就为游客,登陆了就是该用户对应的权限
*/
@Override
public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,
Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes)
throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
if(configAttributes == null) {
return;
}
//所请求的资源拥有的权限(一个资源对多个权限)
Iterator<ConfigAttribute> iterator = configAttributes.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
ConfigAttribute configAttribute = iterator.next();
//访问所请求资源所需要的权限
String needPermission = configAttribute.getAttribute();
System.out.println("访问"+object.toString()+"需要的权限是:" + needPermission);
//用户所拥有的权限authentication
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
for(GrantedAuthority ga : authorities) {
if(needPermission.equals(ga.getAuthority())) {
return;
}
}
}
//没有权限
throw new AccessDeniedException(" 没有权限访问! "); } @Override
public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return true;
} @Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return true;
} }
五、结果
admin能访问的页面有adminPage.jsp、index.jsp;user能访问的有index.jsp;test能访问的有test.jsp。
user用户测试:
test用户测试: