1. Where
限制操作符Where用于过滤序列,按照提供的逻辑对序列中的数据进行过滤。Where可以出现多次。
1.1 原型定义
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate);
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int, bool> predicate);
1.2 单个限制条件
var products = from p in context.Products
where p.UnitPrice > 10m
select p;
var products = context.Products
.Where(p => p.UnitPrice > 10m);
Func<Product, bool> filter = delegate(Product p) { return p.UnitPrice > 10m; };
var query = context.Products
.Where(filter)
.Select(p => new { p.ProductID, p.ProductName });
// using System.Linq;
int[] fibonacci = new int[] { , , , , , , , };
IEnumerable<int> query = Enumerable.Where(fibonacci, f => f > );
query.ToList().ForEach(f =>
{
Console.WriteLine(f);
});
1.3 多个过滤条件
var products = from p in context.Products
where p.UnitPrice > 10m && p.ProductName.StartsWith("LINQ")
select p;
var products = context.Products
.Where(p => p.UnitPrice > 10m && p.ProductName.StartsWith("LINQ"));
var expr = context.Products
.Where(p => p.UnitPrice > 10m)
.Where(p => p.ProductName.StartsWith("LINQ"));
1.4 Lambda多参数表达式
int[] fibonacci = new int[] { , , , , , , , };
var expr = fibonacci.Where((f, index) => f > && index > );
foreach (var item in expr)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
}
1.5 自定义实现
LINQ是在C#3.0出现的,在C#2.0及之前没有LINQ的支持,接下来为LINQ Where操作符的自定义实现。
C#2.0实现方式:
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate);
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Northwind.CustomLINQExtension
{
public static class CustomLINQExtension
{
public delegate TResult Func<in T, out TResult>(T arg);
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
{
foreach (TSource element in source)
{
if (predicate(element))
{
yield return element;
}
}
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Northwind.CustomLINQExtension
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] fibonacci = new int[] { , , , , , , , }; IEnumerable<int> expr = CustomLINQExtension.Where(fibonacci, (delegate(int i) { return i > ; }));
foreach (int item in expr)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
}
}
}
}
由于在C#2.0中没有扩展方法,调用实现的自定义扩展类需要使用类名。
在C#3.0中增加了扩展方法,在C#3.0自定义LINQ Where限制条件,不使用系统LINQ自带。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Northwind.CustomLINQExtension
{
public static class CustomLINQExtension
{
public delegate TResult Func<in T, out TResult>(T arg);
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
{
foreach (TSource element in source)
{
if (predicate(element))
{
yield return element;
}
}
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text; namespace Northwind.CustomLINQExtension
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] fibonacci = new int[] { , , , , , , , }; IEnumerable<int> expr = fibonacci.Where(delegate(int i) { return i > ; });
foreach (int item in expr)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
}
}
}
}