C# uwp应用的文件读写最常见错误就是没有权限。
而最简单的方法是对已知的文件路径进行访问
已知的文件路径常见的是自身的路径
权限这个和之前不同,UWP读写文件多用StorageFile
来读写文件
[TOC] StorageFile
没有直接的打开一个文件的做法,而是通过StorageFolder
创建,打开文件来进行。
下面代码需要using Windows.Storage;
获取应用目录的文件夹
StorageFolder folder;
folder = ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
创建文件
获取后,这里不需要权限,可以直接创建文件
folder.CreateFileAsync(file_name , CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
其中ApplicationData.Current
Current的值可以是 LocalCacheFolder 本地临时文件夹,LocalFolder 本地文件夹,LocalSettings 本地设置,RoamingFolder 漫游文件夹,RoamingSettings 漫游设置
创建文件的时候可以选择,如果存在了文件的选择CreationCollisionOption
里ReplaceExisting 如果文件或文件夹已存在,则替换现有的项
FailIfExists 默认值 如果文件或文件夹已存在,则引发类型为 System.Exception 的异常。
还有用的比较少的选项。
创建文件夹
创建文件夹和创建文件也是一样
先获取本地的文件夹StorageFolder folder;
folder = ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
创建文件夹
folder.CreateFolderAsync(folder_name,CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
为了显示已经做的,我做了一个函数来显示void notify(string str)
把做出来的东西显示出来
读写文件
把创建的文件存为file_demonstration
,对file_demonstration
读写
可以把这个新的东西变为熟悉的
需要using System.IO;
Stream file = await file_demonstration.OpenStreamForWriteAsync()
这样读写就很简单
写文件代码
using (Stream file = await file_demonstration.OpenStreamForWriteAsync())
{
using (StreamWriter write = new StreamWriter(file))
{
write.Write("写入");
}
}
读文件
string s;
using (Stream file = await file_demonstration.OpenStreamForReadAsync())
{
using (StreamReader read = new StreamReader(file))
{
s = read.ReadToEnd();
}
}
微软官方的读写文件 using Windows.Storage.Streams;
写文件
using (StorageStreamTransaction transaction = await file_demonstration.OpenTransactedWriteAsync())
{
using (DataWriter dataWriter = new DataWriter(transaction.Stream))
{
dataWriter.WriteString(str);
transaction.Stream.Size = await dataWriter.StoreAsync();
await transaction.CommitAsync();
}
}
读文件
using (IRandomAccessStream readStream = await file.OpenAsync(FileAccessMode.Read))
{
using (DataReader dataReader = new DataReader(readStream))
{
UInt64 size = readStream.Size;
if (size <= UInt32.MaxValue)
{
UInt32 numBytesLoaded = await dataReader.LoadAsync((UInt32)size);
string fileContent = dataReader.ReadString(numBytesLoaded);
}
}
}
别的文件夹
我们用软件安装目录的时候还是比较少,我们需要用到的文件夹还有很多,现在下面就有一些系统文件夹可以使用
图片库
选图片库可以使用folder_demonstration = KnownFolders.PicturesLibrary;
在生成前在清单请求权限
除了图片库还有很多,在KnownFolders
可以看到,使用前需要请求权限。
还有下载文件DownloadsFolder
folder_demonstration = DownloadsFolder.CreateFolderAsync(folder_name);
选取文件
系统给的我们有时候还需要用户选的文件
选取文件需要Windows.Storage.Pickers.FileOpenPicker
,使用picker.PickSingleFileAsync()
来出现选择界面
在使用picker.PickSingleFileAsync()
要设置后缀,选择文件的后缀picker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".txt");
一般我们有推荐第一次使用选择进入的文件夹picker.SuggestedStartLocation = Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerLocationId.PicturesLibrary;
选取文件夹和选取文件一样
Windows.Storage.Pickers.FolderPicker folderPicker = new Windows.Storage.Pickers.FolderPicker();
folderPicker.ViewMode = Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerViewMode.Thumbnail;
folderPicker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".txt");
StorageFolder folder = await folderPicker.PickSingleFolderAsync();
if (folder != null)
{
notify("选择" + folder.Name);
folder_demonstration = folder;
}
全部代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
namespace file
{
public class model
{
public model()
{
//C# uwp应用的文件读写最常见错误
//就是没有权限。
//而最简单的方法是对已知的文件
//路径进行访问
//自身的路径
ce();
}
/// <summary>
/// 结果
/// </summary>
public string result
{
set
{
_result.Add(value);
}
get
{
StringBuilder t = new StringBuilder();
foreach (string s in _result)
{
t.Append(s);
}
return t.ToString();
}
}
public async void ce()
{
//创建文件
await create_ApplicationData("测试.txt");
//创建文件夹
await folder_ApplicationData("在安装的路径创建不需要权限");
//读写文件和以前一样
await write_ApplicationData();
await read_ApplicationData();
//如果要读写别的地方的文件,可以用
//folder_demonstration = KnownFolders.PicturesLibrary;
//要在清单请求权限
//DownloadsFolder 下载文件夹这里也可以
//folder_demonstration = DownloadsFolder.CreateFolderAsync(folder_name);
//也可以让用户选
}
private StorageFile file_demonstration;//UWP 采用StorageFile来读写文件
private StorageFolder folder_demonstration;//folder来读写文件夹
/// <summary>
/// 自身路径创建文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="file_name">要创建文件名字</param>
/// <returns>已经创建的文件</returns>
public async Task create_ApplicationData(string file_name)
{
StorageFolder folder;
folder = ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
//Current的值可以是
//LocalCacheFolder 本地临时文件夹
//LocalFolder 本地文件夹
//LocalSettings 本地设置
//RoamingFolder 漫游文件夹
//RoamingSettings 漫游设置
file_demonstration = await folder.CreateFileAsync(file_name , CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
//CreationCollisionOption 可以选择
// 如果文件或文件夹已存在,则自动为指定名称的基础追加一个编号。例如,如果 MyFile.txt 已存在,则新文件名为 MyFile (2).txt。如果 MyFolder
// 已存在,则新文件夹名为 MyFolder (2)。
//GenerateUniqueName
//ReplaceExisting 如果文件或文件夹已存在,则替换现有的项。
//FailIfExists 默认值 如果文件或文件夹已存在,则引发类型为 System.Exception 的异常。
//OpenIfExists 如果文件或文件夹已存在,则返回现有的项。
notify("创建文件成功,文件路径" + file_demonstration.Path);
}
/// <summary>
/// 自身路径创建文件夹
/// </summary>
/// <param name="file_name">要创建文件夹名字</param>
/// <returns>已经创建的文件夹</returns>
public async Task folder_ApplicationData(string folder_name)
{
StorageFolder folder;
folder = ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder;
folder_demonstration = await folder.CreateFolderAsync(folder_name , CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
notify("创建文件夹成功,文件夹路径" + folder_demonstration.Path);
}
/// <summary>
/// 对自身路径进行文件读写
/// </summary>
public async Task write_ApplicationData()
{
using (Stream file = await file_demonstration.OpenStreamForWriteAsync())
{
using (StreamWriter write = new StreamWriter(file))
{
write.Write("写入");
}
}
//using (StorageStreamTransaction transaction = await file_demonstration.OpenTransactedWriteAsync())
//{
// using (DataWriter dataWriter = new DataWriter(transaction.Stream))
// {
// dataWriter.WriteString(str);
// transaction.Stream.Size = await dataWriter.StoreAsync();
// await transaction.CommitAsync();
// }
//}
notify("写入文件成功");
}
/// <summary>
/// 读文件
/// </summary>
public async Task read_ApplicationData()
{
string s;
using (Stream file = await file_demonstration.OpenStreamForReadAsync())
{
using (StreamReader read = new StreamReader(file))
{
s = read.ReadToEnd();
}
}
notify("读文件\"" + s + "\"");
}
public async Task file_open()
{
Windows.Storage.Pickers.FileOpenPicker picker = new Windows.Storage.Pickers.FileOpenPicker();
//显示方式
picker.ViewMode = Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerViewMode.Thumbnail;
//选择最先的位置
picker.SuggestedStartLocation =
Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerLocationId.PicturesLibrary;
//后缀名
picker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".txt");
StorageFile file = await picker.PickSingleFileAsync();
if (file != null)
{
notify("选择 " + file.Name);
file_demonstration = file;
}
}
public async Task folder_open()
{
Windows.Storage.Pickers.FolderPicker folderPicker = new Windows.Storage.Pickers.FolderPicker();
folderPicker.ViewMode = Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerViewMode.Thumbnail;
folderPicker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".txt");
StorageFolder folder = await folderPicker.PickSingleFolderAsync();
if (folder != null)
{
notify("选择" + folder.Name);
folder_demonstration = folder;
}
}
private List<string> _result = new List<string>();
private void notify(string str)
{
_result.Add(str + "\r\n");
}
}
}